1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUN CATION U NION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STAN DAR D IZATI ON SECTOR OF ITU D.37 (07196) SERIES D: GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES General tariff principles - Tariff principles applying to data communication services over dedicated public data networks Accounting and settlement princi
2、ples applicable to the provision of public directory services between interconnected Directory Management Domains ITU-T Recommendation D.37 (Previously CCITT Recommendations) ITU-T - D SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES TERMS AND DEFINITIONS GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES Private leased tel
3、ecommunication facilities incip ata n Charging and accounting in the international public telegram service Charging and accounting in the international telemessage service Charging and accounting in the international telex service Charging and accounting in the international facsimile service Chargi
4、ng and accounting in the international videotex service Charging and accounting in the international phototelegraph service Charging and accounting in the mobile services Charging and accounting in the international telephone service Drawing up and exchange of international telephone and telex accou
5、nts International sound- and television-programme transmissions Charging and accounting for international satellite services Transmission of monthly international accounting information Service and privilege telecommunications Settlement of international telecommunication balances of accounts Chargi
6、n and accounting principles for international telecommunication services Charging and accounting principles for universal personal telecommunication Charging and accounting principles for intelligent network supported services Recommendations applicable in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin Recommen
7、dations applicable in Latin America Recommendations applicable in Asia and Oceania Recommendations applicable to the African Region provide 8 over the ISDN RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REGIONAL APPLICATION D.0 D.1-D.299 D.1-D.9 D.40-D.44 D.45-D.49 D.60-D.69 D.70-D.75 D.76-D.79 D.80-D.89 D.90-D.99 D.100-D.159
8、 D.160-D.179 D.180-D.184 D. I 85-D. 189 D.190-D.191 D. 192-D. 195 D. 196-D.209 D.210-D.279 D.280-D.284 D.285-D.299 D.300-D.699 D.300-D.399 D.400-D.499 D.500-D.599 D.600-D.699 For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations STD-ITU-T RECMN D-37-ENGL L77b m YBb2571 Ob21013 777 H ITU
9、-T RECOMMENDATION D.37 ACCOUNTING AND SETTLEMENT PRINCIPLES APPLICABLE TO THE PROVISION OF PUBLIC DIRECTORY SERVICES BETWEEN INTERCONNECTED DIRECTORY MANAGEMENT DOMAINS Source ITU-T Recommendation D.37 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 3 (1993-1996) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 p
10、rocedure on the 1 st of July 1996. STD-ITU-T RECMN D-37-ENGL L77b i8b2571 Ob21014 b25 FOREWORD U (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the I
11、TU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the t
12、opics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the U-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). In some areas of information technology whic
13、h fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. O ITU 1996 All rig
14、hts reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. I 11 Recommendation D.37 (07/96) 1 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5 5.1 5.2 6 6.1 6.2 7 7.1 7.2 8 9
15、CONTENTS Scope Introduction Service model . Accounting model Statement of limitation . DMOs and resource usage recording Accounting elements Settlement formula . Accounting elements for settlement . DSP directory requests . DSP results returned . Accounting and settlement arrangements . Net Balance
16、settlement . Transaction-Based settlement . Principles of accounting and settlement . Principles for Net Balance Settlement Arrangements 7.1.1 Accounting principles . 7.1.2 Settlement principles . Principles for Transaction-Based Settlement Arrangements 7.2.1 Accounting principles . 7.2.2 Settlement
17、 principles . Reverse charging Glossary of terms Recommendation D.37 (07/96) Page 1 1 i 3 7 . 111 Recommendation D.37 ACCOUNTING AND SETTLEMENT PRINCIPLES APPLICABLE TO THE PROVISION OF PUBLIC DIRECTORY SERVICES BETWEEN INTERCONNECTED DIRECTORY MANAGEMENT DOMAINS (Geneva, I996) 1 Scope This Recommen
18、dation is intended to provide the general accounting and settlement principles applicable to Public Directory Services between interconnected Directory Management Domains (DMDs). In this context, a DMD is defined to be a collection of Directory System Agents (DSAs) and Directory User Agents (DUAS) m
19、anaged by a single Domain Management Organization (DMO). The F.500 and X.500 Recommendations distinguish between two types of DMOs, administration and private organizations, and the two corresponding types of DMDs, Administration DMDs (ADDMDs) and Private DMDs (PRDMDs), respectively. The distinction
20、 between these two types of DMDs is that the former provides public directory services while the latter typically does not. This Recommendation seeks to provide simplicity in accounting and settlements. While the information detailed in this Recommendation provides guidelines for the DMOs, the speci
21、fic details of each particular arrangement between DMOs is the subject of bilateral agreements. 2 Introduction This Recommendation is intended for use by DMOs which provide international directory services. This Recommendation provides a basic set of guidelines for directory service providers. In pr
22、actice, some service providers may offer a complex range of services which may require more elaborate settlement agreements with other parties. Such special service arrangements are currently outside the scope of this Recommendation. The following clauses outline the service model used in the settle
23、ment process, different types of principles for accounting and settlements, recommended accounting models and formulae, and the accounting elements included in the settlement process. 3 Service model I l The Public Directory Service provides the means by which a user of, or a subscriber to, a I tele
24、communications service may obtain information about objects of interest as described in Recommendation F.500 or E. 1 15. The service will be realized through interconnection of individual directory systems. Currently, this Recommendation does not address issues related to accounting and settlements
25、processes between F.500- and E. 1 15-compliant DMDs. I I I I A model for the Public Directory Service is shown in Figure 1. 1 “Public Directory Services includes Directory Assistance. Recommendation D.37 (07/96) 1 Directory User 10301620-96 Cost element 1 FIGURE 1D.37 Public directory service model
26、Definition Directory Access Costs Table 1 contains definitions of the cost elements illustrated above: 2 3 TABLE 1D.37 Public directory service cost element definitions DMO A Operations Costs Inter-DMO Transport Costs 4 5 DMO B Operations Costs Bilateral Resource Consumption Costs between DMD A2 and
27、 DMD B 1 6 7 Bilateral Resource Consumption Costs between DMD Al and DMD B2 Bilateral Resource Consumption Costs between DMO A and DMO B 2 Recommendation D.37 (07/96) STD-ITU-T RECMN D.37-ENGL L77b M 48b257L ObZLOL7 LO7 4 Accounting model This clause defines the recommended accounting model. The mod
28、el may optionally be used by DMOs in the establishment of bilateral agreements. A DMD accepts Directory System Protocol (DSP) requests from other DMDs and assumes the role in the model of a DMD resource supplier. A DMD that submits DSP requests to a DMD resource supplier assumes the role of a DMD re
29、source consumer. The entities involved in the model are depicted in Figure 2. Scope of DMO Bilateral Agreement Directory Consumer - Supplier Reply I TO301630-96 FIGURE 2D.37 Public directory services accounting model The focus of these bilateral agreements is the accounting between a pair of DMOs th
30、at own and operate the DMDs highlighted by the box shown in Figure 2. The “Other DMDs“ may act as a resource supplier to requests from the “DMD Resource Supplier“. A common example is when the “DMD Resource Supplier“ chains a directory request to another DMD. In that case, the “DMD Resource Supplier
31、“ is acting as resource consumer within the context of interaction with DMDs that are not within the scope of the bilateral agreement as shown within the box in Figure 2, but may be subject to a separate bilateral agreement. The log entries shown in Figure 2 identify the consumer and supplier of the
32、 request and records all the information regarding the request that is relevant for charge computation and subsequent settlement. 4.1 Statement of limitation The accounting model is a framework for the simple, overall approximation of the elements of cost one DMO incurs when accepting and processing
33、 a directory request from another DMO. This approach is to achieve a workable and acceptable set of procedures for accounting and subsequent settlement, rather than attempt to cost each individual transaction element. Recommendation D.37 (07/96) 3 STD-ITU-T RECMN Dq37-ENGL 1796 48b257L O623020 927 M
34、 4.2 In processing DSP or E.115 requests, the DMD resource supplier makes use of the resources within its domain and may, depending on the request, use additional resources and incur additional costs to interact with other DMDs. To establish a mutually verifiable record of a directory request and as
35、sociated processing, both the DMD resource consumer and supplier maintain a log entry of each request transmitted from the consumer to the supplier. This log entry identifies the consumer and supplier of the request and records all the information regarding the request that is relevant for cost comp
36、utation and subsequent settlement. DMOs and resource usage recording 4.3 Accounting elements The accounting elements in the model reflect factors entering into the accrual of the actual cost of DSP or E. 1 15 request processing in a simple and approximate manner. The only accounting elements conside
37、red in the model are those elements contained in the DSP or E.115 transactions between the resource supplier and consumer. The specific accounting elements identified as relevant to accounting and subsequent settlement are described in clause 5. Inclusion of additional accounting elements is for fur
38、ther study. 4.4 Settlement formula In the accounting model, the settlement due the DMD resource supplier in processing the requests of the DMD resource consumer is the sum of the individual accounting elements recorded by the consumer and supplier in their log entries for the requests. The settlemen
39、t due the supplier in processing requests from the consumer during an interval of the time over which settlement occurs can be computed as: S = Zqa, where: 5 S is the settlement amount due the supplier in the settlement period; i is the index for the set of accounting elements described in clause 5;
40、 a, is a the total number of occurrences of accounting element i during the settlement period; ri is a bilateral agreed upon rate applied to the accounting element total a,; C indicates that all occurrences of valid accounting element and rate combinations are added. Accounting elements for settleme
41、nt The accounting elements for settlement purposes fall into two major categories: directory requests and results returned. For DMOs using E.115 to exchange directory information, only these two accounting elements will be tracked. The billable transactions will be defined by bilateral agreement on
42、the basis of the type of Message Codes received. DMOs using DSP to exchange directory information will log accounting elements at a more detailed level as described in 5.1 and 5.2. 4 Recommendation D.37 (07/96) STD-ITU-T RECMN D-37-ENGL 199b W Li8b257L Ob21021 8b5 H 5.1 DSP directory requests Since
43、each operation requested may involve different supplier costs to perform the operation, totals should be accumulated by request type. The following list identifies the types of requests which may be differentiated: ADD ENTRY; COMPARE; LIST ENTRIES; MODIFY ENTRY; MODIFY RDN; READ ENTRY; REMOVE ENTRY;
44、 SEARCH BASE OBJECT; SEARCH IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES; SEARCH SUBTREE. Although it is anticipated that requests that modi directory entries (ADD, MODIFY, REMOVE) are unlikely to occur across DMO boundaries for cost, security, and business reasons, they are included for completeness. Settlement rates fo
45、r these requests, or any request in the list, may be set to zero. Also, other DSP requests such as BIND, UNBIND, and ABANDON, are purposely not included. Accounting for these operations is assumed to be included in the rate associated with the above operations. The inclusion of other accounting elem
46、ents for additional operations may be the subject of further study. 5.2 DSP results returned All results returned to a DSA in response to requests are to be counted during a settlement period. The total should include Directory Entries, Referrals, and Partial Outcome Qualifiers. Requests which excee
47、d service limits, but nevertheless return some entries, will have those results counted. 6 Accounting and settlement arrangements Both parties may enter into a reciprocal arrangement whereby they bilaterally agree to dispense with international accounting and settlement. Subclauses 6.1 and 6.2 conta
48、in descriptions of accounting and settlement arrangements which may be used by parties when it is mutually agreed that accounting and settlement are appropriate. 6.1 Net Balance settlement This type of bilateral agreement requires the establishment of accounting and settlements principles. The words
49、 “Net Balance“, in this context, means that settlements flow in the direction of the DMO consuming less of its partner DMOs resources. Typically, this type of agreement will include accounting principles that allow for accumulation of resource usage charges with periodic resets to zero when settlement occurs. Recommendation D.37 (07/96) 5 - STD-ITU-T RECMN D.37-ENGL l77b 4Bb259.l ObZl022 7Tl 6.2 Transaction-Based settlement This type of bilateral agreement also requires the establishment of accounting and settlements principles. The word “Transaction-Based“, in t
