1、ITU-T RECMN+P.52 93 4862571 0584017 b5b I INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU TELEPHONE TRANSMISSION QUALITY OBJECTIVE MEASURING APPARATUS P.52 (03/93) VOLUME METERS ITU-T Recommendation P.52 (Previously “CCITT Recommendation”) ITU-T RECMN*P.52
2、 73 48b2571 0584018 572 FOREWORD The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the International Telecom- munication Union. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardiz
3、ing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, established the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. ITU-T Recommendation P.52 was revised by
4、 the ITU-T Study Group XII (1988-1993) and was approved by the WTSC (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). NOTES 1 As a consequence of a reform process within the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the CCITT ceased to exist as of 28 February 1993. In its place, the ITU Telecommunication Standardiza
5、tion Sector (ITU-T) was created as of 1 March 1993. Similarly, in this reform process, the CCIR and the IFRB have been replaced by the Radiocommunication Sector. In order not to delay publication of this Recommendation, no change has been made in the text to references containing the acronyms “CCITT
6、, CCIR or IFRB” or their associated entities such as Plenary Assembly, Secretariat, etc. Future editions of this Recommendation will contain the proper terminology related to the new ITU structure. 2 telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. In this Recommendation, the expr
7、ession “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a O ITU 1994 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. ITU-T
8、RECMN*P.52 93 4862593 0584039 429 m Recommendation P.52 VOLUME METERS (amended ut Helsinki, 1993) The WITT considers that, in order to ensure continuity with previous practice, it is not desirable to modify the specification of the volume meter of the ARAEN. Table 1 gives the principal characteristi
9、cs of various measuring devices used for monitoring the volume or peak values during telephone conversations or sound-programme transmissions. The measurement of active speech level is defined in Recommendation P.56. Comparison of results using the active speech level meter and some meters described
10、 in this Recommendation can be found in Supplement No. 18 to Series P Recommendations. NOTE - Descriptions of the following devices are contained in the Supplements to White Book, Volume V: - ARAEN volume meter or speech voltmeter: Supplement No. 10 i. Volume meter standardized in the United States
11、of America, termed the “VU meter”: Supplement No. 11 2. - - - Maximum amplitude indicator Types U 21 and U 71 used in the Federal Republic of Germany: Supple- Peak indicator used by the British Broadcasting Corporation: Supplement No. 12 3 ment No. 13 4. The volume indicator, SFERT, which formerly w
12、as used in the CCITT Laboratory is described in 5. Comparative tests with different types of volume meters A note which appears in 6 gives some information on the results of preliminary tests conducted at the SFERT Laboratory to compare the volume indicator with different impulse indicators. The res
13、ults of comparative tests made in 1952 by the United Kingdom Post Office appear in Supplement No. 14 to Series P Recommendations 7. Further results can be found in the Handbook on Telephonometry. Recommendation P.52 (03/93) 1 ITU-T RECMN+P-52 93 6 4862591 0584020 140 6 10 (Note 5) TABLE 1P.52 3 seco
14、nds for the pointer to fall to 26 dB Principal characteristics of the various instruments used for monitoring the volume or peaks during telephone conversations or sound-programme transmissions 5 (approx.) 10f5 Type of instrument 1 or 2 seconds from 100% to 10% of the reading in the steady state For
15、 both types: 1.5 to 2 seconds from the O dB point which is at 30% of the length of the operational section of the scale Rectifier characteristic (Note 3) (1) “Speech voltmeter” United Kingdom Post Office Type 3 (S.V.3) identical to the speech power meter of the 1ARAEN 2 America) (Note 1) SERT volume
16、 indicator” 1.0 to 1.4 2 (4) Peak indicator for sound-programme transmissions used by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC Peak Programme Meter) (Note 2) (5) Maximum amplitude indicator used by the Federal German Republic (type U 21) 1 1 (6) OIRT - Programme level meter: Time to reach 99% of fi
17、nal reading (milliseconds) 230 300 around 400 to 650 around 80 For both types: less than 300 ms for meters with pointer indication and less than 150 ms for meters with light indication Integration time (milliseconds) (Note 4) Time to return to zero (value and definition) Equal to the integration tim
18、e 165 I Equal to the integration time (approx .) 200 I Equal to the integration time 60f 10 NOTES 1 In France a meter similar to the one defined in line (2) of the Table has been standardized. 2 In the Netherlands a meter (type NRU-ON301) similar to the one defined in line (4) of the Table has been
19、standardized. 3 The number given in the column is the index n in the formula V(outDut) = Vinut)n applicable for each half-cycle. 4 The “integration time” was defined by the CCIF as the “minimum period during which a sinusoidal voltage should be applied to the instrument for the pointer to reach to w
20、ithin 0.2 neper or nearly 2 dB of the deflection which would be obtained if the voltage were applied indefinitely”. A logarithmic ratio of 2 dB corresponds to a percentage of 79.5% and a ratio of 0.2 neper to a percentage of 82%. 5 The figure of 4 milliseconds that appeared in previous editions was
21、actually the time taken to reach 80% of the final reading with a d.c. step applied to the rectifyinghntegrating circuit. In a new and somewhat different design of this programme meter using transistors, the performance on programme remains substantially the same as that of earlier versions and SO do
22、es the response to an arbitrary, quasi-d.c. test signal, but the integration time, as here defined, is about 20% greater at the higher meter readings. 6 In Italy a sound-programme meter with the following characteristics is in use: Rectifier characteristic: 1 (Note 3). Time to reach 99% of final rea
23、ding: approx. 20 ms. Integration time: approx. 1.5 ms. Time to return to zero: approx. 1.5 s from 100% to 10% of the reading in the steady state. 2 Recommendation P.52 (03/93) ITU-T RECMN*P=52 73 4862573 0584023 O87 References ARAEN volume meter or speech voltmeter, White Book, Vol. V, Supplement No
24、. 10, ITU, Geneva, 1969. Volume meter standardized in the United States of America, termed VU meter, White Book, Vol. V, Supplement No. 11, ITU, Geneva, 1969. Modulation meter used by the British Broadcasting Corporation, White Book, Vol. V, Supplement No. 12, ITU, Geneva, 1969. Maximum amplitude in
25、dicators, spes U 21 and U 71 used in the Federal Republic of Germany, White Book, Vol. V, Supplement No. 13, ITU, Geneva, 1969. SFERT volume indicator, Red Book, Vol V, Annex 18, Part 2, ITU, Geneva, 1962. CCIF White Book, Vol. IV, pp. 270-293, ITU, Bern, 1934. Comparison of the readings given on conversational speech by different types of volume meter, White Book, Vol. V, Supplement No. 14, ITU, Geneva, 1969. Recommendation P.52 (03/93) 3
