1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T Series L TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Supplement 33 (10/2016) SERIES L: ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEM
2、ENTS OF OUTSIDE PLANT Assessment of energy consumption of information and communication technology services ITU-T L-series Recommendations Supplement 33 ITU-T L-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLE
3、S AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF OUTSIDE PLANT OPTICAL FIBRE CABLES Cable structure and characteristics L.100L.124 Cable evaluation L.125L.149 Guidance and installation technique L.150L.199 OPTICAL INFRASTRUCTURES Infrastructure including node element (except cables) L.200L.249 General aspects and network de
4、sign L.250L.299 MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION Optical fibre cable maintenance L.300L.329 Infrastructure maintenance L.330L.349 Operation support and infrastructure management L.350L.379 Disaster management L.380L.399 PASSIVE OPTICAL DEVICES L.400L.429 MARINIZED TERRESTRIAL CABLES L.430L.449 For further
5、details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. L series Supplement 33 (10/2016) i Supplement 33 to ITU-T L-series Recommendations Assessment of energy consumption of information and communication technology services Summary Supplement 33 to ITU-T L-series Recommendations describes a met
6、hodology for assessing the energy consumption of an information and communication technology (ICT) service. This assessment is based upon the traffic generated by the service and the equipment through which that traffic propagates. Methods for assessing the power consumption or efficiency of ICT net
7、works have been studied for some time. In many cases, the assessment is focused on equipment and networks rather than on the services that are conveyed by that equipment. Examples include energy consumption rating (ECR) and telecommunications energy efficiency ratio (TEER). In addition to methods de
8、aling primarily with power consumption, Recommendation ITU-T L.1410 provides a methodology for evaluating the environmental impact of ICT equipment, networks and services objectively and transparently, and is based upon life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. Recommendation ITU-T L.1410 gives gener
9、al principles for service level assessments and allocation of network power consumption between services. This Supplement proposes a more detailed methodology for an assessment of the power consumption of a specific ICT service that shares infrastructure with other services. This enables companies t
10、o allocate power consumption of all segments of the network (i.e., the allocation can be made in the customer premises equipment (CPE), access, metro and core networks) to specific services based on throughput. This Supplement provides an overview of the method and a step-by-step description of the
11、process. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T L Suppl. 33 2016-10-14 5 11.1002/1000/13156 Keywords Allocation of power, ICT services, idle power, incremental power, methodology. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address fiel
12、d of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii L series Supplement 33 (10/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, informa
13、tion and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a world
14、wide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WT
15、SA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this publication, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administra
16、tion and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this publication is voluntary. However, the publication may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the publication is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met
17、. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the publication is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility
18、 that the practice or implementation of this publication may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the publicatio
19、n development process. As of the date of approval of this publication, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this publication. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are there
20、fore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. L series Supplement 33 (10/2016) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Sco
21、pe . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Supplement 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 2 6 Description of the methodology . 2 7 Allocation of power 3 8 Allocating incremental power . 4 9 Allocating idle power . 4 10 Determining Ej 7
22、11 Step-by-step process . 7 12 Required data 7 Appendix I Alternative method to allocate idle power . 9 Bibliography. 10 L series Supplement 33 (10/2016) 1 Supplement 33 to ITU-T L-series Recommendations Assessment of energy consumption of information and communication technology services 1 Scope Th
23、is Supplement provides a methodology for assessing the power consumption of an information and communication technology (ICT) service for a situation where power consumption scales with traffic or throughput. A formal description of the proposed methodology is presented. This Supplement describes ho
24、w to estimate the power consumption of an ICT service based on data from network power consumption measurement. According to ITU L.1410, which provides high level guidance for service assessment, different network equipment types should be allocated based on different parameters, such as throughput
25、or user time. This Supplement specifically deals with services based on equipment that scales with throughput. It is recognized that, in the future, most network equipment will have the capability to automatically monitor its power consumption. However, for current generation and legacy network equi
26、pment, certain network measurements may be unavailable or missing due to the lack of a network monitoring platform, the lack of an automated data collection platform and corrupted or missing network data. Therefore, this Supplement also outlines the methodology to estimate the missing network data i
27、n order to provide a meaningful assessment of service power consumption. It is important to understand that there are many other ways to assess the power consumption of ICT services and the proposed methodology is not the only way to address this problem. However, the methodology presented in this S
28、upplement provides a clear and justifiable path for the network operator and ICT service provider to understand the allocation of power (and hence greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions) to the provider of services utilizing equipment with a power consumption that scales with throughput. The value provided
29、by this Supplement is that it enables a service or network provider to assess the specific power consumption for their service traffic though network equipment that their traffic shares with other service providers traffic. This is important when a service provider desires to determine the power con
30、sumption of their services. This, in turn, will be necessary to provide input for assessing or reporting the GHG emissions or costs of the services they provide to their customers. NOTE Comparisons of results from environmental assessments of ICT services, which have been performed by different orga
31、nizations, are beyond the scope of this Supplement, as such comparisons would require that the assumptions and context of each study are equivalent. 2 References ITU-T L.1410 Recommendation ITU-T L.1410 (2014), Methodology for environmental life cycle assessments of information and communication tec
32、hnology goods, networks and services. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Supplement uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 network operator: ITU-T L.1410. 3.1.2 ICT goods: See clause 3.2.24 of ITU-T L.1410. 2 L series Supplement 33 (10/2016) 3.1.3 ICT network: See clause 3.2.2
33、6 of ITU-T L.1410. 3.1.4 ICT service (application): See clause 3.2.27 of ITU-T L.1410. 3.2 Terms defined in this Supplement This Supplement defines the following terms: 3.2.1 user: Human being, organization, or telecommunications system that accesses the network in order to communicate via the servi
34、ces provided by the network. 3.2.2 ICT service provider: Entity that offers services to users involving the use of network resources. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Supplement uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: CPE Customer Premises Equipment ECR Energy Consumption Rating GHG Greenhou
35、se Gas ICT Information and Communication Technology LCA Life Cycle Assessment TDM Time Division Multiplexing TEER Telecommunications Energy Efficiency Ratio VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing 5 Conventions None. 6 Description of the methodology The power consumpti
36、on profile of almost all network goods (customer premises equipment (CPE), routers, switches, cross-connects etc.) can be principally described by the linear graph in Figure 1. In reality, different shapes exist. This profile consists of an idle power Pmin and an increase in power as the throughput
37、increases from zero to the maximum throughput the equipment can sustain. The throughput changes as the data size carried by the network equipment over a certain period of time (this can be deduced from port log of the network equipment). L series Supplement 33 (10/2016) 3 Figure 1 Power consumption
38、dependence on throughput The light shaded region corresponds to idle power Pmin. The dark shaded area corresponds to the incremental power consumption incurred when traffic propagates through the network equipment. CTot is defined as the total throughput of the network equipment and PTot as the oper
39、ating power consumption of the network equipment corresponding to CTot. There are two contributions to the total power consumption of the network equipment: the idle power Pmin and the incremental power incurred, in addition to Pmin, by the increase in equipment power consumption due to an increase
40、in equipment throughput. For equipment that scales well with throughput, the difference between Pmin and Pmax can be substantial for other types of equipment the curve may be almost flat. The purpose of the methodology is to allocate a proportion of the network equipments total power consumption to
41、an ICT service that is carried by this network equipment. This allocation will apply when that service is one of many simultaneously being propagated through this network equipment unit. If there is only one service propagating through the network equipment, then the entire power consumption of that
42、 network equipment can be allocated to that service. This Supplement addresses the non-trivial case when multiple services share that network good and these services have different bandwidth requirements. Moreover, each service crosses several telecommunication goods shared with other services. 7 Al
43、location of power The main purpose of this Supplement is to assess the power consumption of a telecom service. A service could be voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) or video streaming. However, this Supplement encompasses more complex services. For example, software-as-a-service where network opera
44、tors provide cloud services to customers. Both network operators and customers would like to know the power consumption of cloud services. For infrastructure-as-a-service, the network operator manages the network infrastructure of a customer and again the customer would like to know the power consum
45、ption of such network infrastructure. For platform-as-a-service, the network operator provides a network platform for multiple customers to support their businesses and the customers would like to know the power consumption of using the platform to run their businesses. 4 L series Supplement 33 (10/
46、2016) Furthermore, referring to clause 5.2.3.3.4 of ITU-T L.1410, the allocation of equipment power consumption to an ICT service is often based on annual data traffic of the service. The service traffic Cj can be estimated by summing the total traffic in a year and dividing by time to get the funct
47、ional unit of bits per second. In some cases, time and number of users can be more applicable parameters. However, as this Supplement is intended to assess the power consumption of a service that scales with traffic, the corresponding functional unit for the service would be bits per second. In this
48、 Supplement, the methodology allocates the total power of the network equipment to the service based on the ratio of service traffic to maximum throughput of the network equipment. In other words, the fundamental assumption is that the power allocation to services is based on the principle that each
49、 service through the network equipment is allocated an amount of power so that the total allocated power is the total equipment power, PTot, whereby: Nj jPP 1Tot(1) If there are N services each with traffic propagating through the network equipment, the equipments power to each service (Pj) will be allocated depending on the traffic of the service (Cj). For cases where a specific ICT service is provided by multiple service providers, the total power of the service is then the sum of all power sources of the same se
