1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU X.880 (07/94) DATA NETWORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS OS1 APPLICATIONS - REMOTE OPERATIONS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - REMOTE OPERATIONS: CONCEPTS, MODEL AND NOTATION ITU-T Recommendation X.880 (Previously
2、“CCIlT Recommendation“) ITU-T RECMN*X=880 94 4862593 0597700 3T9 FOREWORD IT (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The IT Telecommunication Standardization Sector (IT-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. Some 179 member co
3、untries, 84 telecom operating entities, 145 scientific and industrial organizations and 38 international organizations participate in IT-T which is the body which sets world telecommunications standards (Recommendations). The approval of Recommendations by the Members of ITU-T is covered by the proc
4、edure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, 1993). In addition, the World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, approves Recommendations submitted to it and establishes the study programme for the following period. In some areas of information tec
5、hnology which fail within IT-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC. The text of IT-T Recommendation X.880 was approved on 1st of July 1994. The identical text is also published as ISO/IEC Intemational Standard 13712-1. NOTE In this Recommendation,
6、 the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. O IT 1995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including ph
7、otocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the IW. ITU-T X-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA NETWORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS (February 1994) _ Subject area ORGANIZATION OF X-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS Recommendation series Services and Facilities Interfaces I PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS I I
8、 X. I-X. 19 X.20-X.49 Network Aspects Maintenance I Transmission, Signalling and Switching X.90-X. 149 X. 150-X. 179 -5O-XX Administrative Arrangements OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION X.180-X. 199 Model and Notation Service Definitions x.200-x.209 X.210-X.219 Connection-mode Protocol Specifications Con
9、nectionless-mode Protocol Specifications X.220-X.229 X.230-X.239 PICS Proformas Protocol Identification X.240-X.259 X.260-X.269 General Security Protocols Layer Managed Objects I X.300-X.349 I X.270-X.279 X.280-X.289 I Mobile Data Transmission Systems I X.350-X.369 I Conformance Testing INTERWORKING
10、 BETWEEN NETWORKS -Mananement X.290-X.299 MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS DIRECTORY I OS1 NETWORKING AND SYSTEM ASPECTS I I X.400-X.499 X.500-X.599 Networking Naming, Addressing and Registration I Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) I X.680-X.699 X. 600-X.649 X.650-X.679 I OS1 MANAGEMENT I x.700-x.799 I T
11、ransaction Processing Remote Ooerations I OS1 APPLICATIONS I I X.860-X.879 X.880-X.899 I Commitment. Concurrency and Recovery I X.850-X.859 I OPEN DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING I X.900-X.999 I ITU-T RECMN*X.O 94 4b259L 0597702 171 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CONTENTS Scope Normative references . 2.1 Identical Recomm
12、endations I International Standards 2.2 Paired Recommendations I International Standards equivalent in technical content 2.3 Additional references Definitions 3.1 OS1 reference model definitions . 3.2 ASN.1 definitions . 3.3 ROS definitions . Abbreviations . Conventions ROS model . Realization of RO
13、S . ROS concepts . 8.1 Introduction . 8.2 Operation 8.3 Error . 8.5 Connection package 8.6 Association contract 8.7 ROS-object class . 8.8 Code . 8.9 Priority Generic ROS protocol 9.1 Introduction . 9.2 ROS . 9.3 Invoke . 9.4 Return result 9.5 Return error . 9.6 Reject 9.7 Reject Problem 9.8 Invoke
14、id . 9.9 No invoke id 9.10 Errors 9.1 1 Bind . 9.12 Unbind 8.4 Operation package 10 Useful definitions . 10.1 Introduction . 10.2 Empty bind 10.3 Empty unbind 10.4 Refuse . 10.6 Forward . 10.7 Reverse . 10.9 Supplier performs 10.10 All operations 10.5 NO-OP 10.8 Consumer performs . ,. ITU-T Rec . X.
15、880 (1994 E) Page 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 5 6 6 6 7 8 8 9 10 11 11 11 11 11 12 13 14 15 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 1 ITU-T RECMN*X-BBO 94 48b2591 0597703 008 = 10.1 1 recode 10.12 switch 10.13 combine . 10.14 ROS single abstract syntax . 10.15 ROS consumer abstract syntax . 1
16、0.16 ROS supplier abstract syntax Annex A - ASN.l modules Annex B - Guidelines for the use of the notation Examples of Operation Packages and the use of switch( ) . Examples of Bind and Unbind operations Examples of Connection Packages . Example of an Association Contract . B.l B.2 B.3 B.4 B.5 B.7 B
17、.8 Examples of Operations and their Errors B.6 Examples of ROS-objects . Example of the use of Forward( and Reverse( . Examples of ConsumerPerforms ). SupplierPerforms(.) and AllOperations ) . Annex C - Migrating from the ROS macros C.l Introduction . C.2 Operation C.3 Error . C.4 Bind . C.5 Unbind
18、Annex D - Assignment of object identifier values . Page 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 29 29 30 31 31 32 32 32 33 35 35 35 36 36 36 31 11 ITU-T Rec . X.880 (1994 E) ITU-T RECMN*X.BBO 94 W 4Bb259L 0597704 T44 W Summary This Recommendation I International Standard uses the Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) t
19、o define information object classes corresponding to the fundamental concepts of the Remote Operations Service (ROS). This, in turn, provides the notation that will allow application designers to specify instances of these classes. This Recommenda- tion I International Standard also provides a colle
20、ction of definitions for specifying the generic protocol between objects that communicate using remote operations. A number of definitions of general utility to designers of ROS-based applications is also provided. ITU-T Rec. X.880 (1994 E) . 111 ITU-T RECMN*X.BBO 94 48b259L 0597705 980 Introduction
21、 Remote operations (ROS) is a paradigm for interactive communication between objects. As such it can be used in the design and specification of distributed applications. The basic interaction involved is the invocation of an operation by one object (the invoker), its performance by another (the perf
22、ormer), possibly followed by a report of the outcome of the operation being returned to the invoker. The concepts of ROS are abstract, and may be realized in many ways. For example, objects whose interactions employ ROS concepts may be separated by a software interface or by an OS1 network. This Rec
23、ommendation I International Standard describes the concepts and model of ROS. It uses ASN.l to specify information object classes corresponding to the fundamental concepts of ROS, such as operation and error. This in turn provides a notation so that designers can specify particular instances of thos
24、e classes, e.g. particular operations and errors. This Recommendation I International Standard provides a generic set of PDUs which can be used in realizing the ROS concepts between objects remote from one another. These PDUs are used in the OS1 realization of ROS, which are specified in the compani
25、on Recommendations i International Standards to this one. This Recommendation i International Standard also provides a number of definitions of general utility to designers of ROS -based applications. Annex A forms an integral part of this Recommendation I International Standard. Annexes B, C and D
26、do not form an integral part of this Recommendation i International Standard. - iv ITU-T Rec. X.880 (1994 E) ITU-T RECflN*X.BBO 94 9 48b259L 0597706 817 ISOAEC 13712-1 : 1995 (E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ITU-T RECOMMENDATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - REMOTE OPERATIONS: CONCEPTS, MODEL AND NOTATION 1 Sc
27、ope This Recommendation I International Standard specifies the Remote Operations Service (ROS) using the Abstract Syntax Notation (ASN.l) to define information object classes corresponding to the fundamental concepts of ROS. This, in turn, provides the notation that will allow application designers
28、to specify particular instances of these classes. This Recommendation I International Standard also provides a collection of definitions for specifying the generic protocol between objects that communicate using ROS concepts. These definitions are used in the companion Recommendations I Internationa
29、l Standards to this one to provide the protocol data units, the service primitives and the application context definitions used in the OS1 realization of ROS. A number of definitions of general utility to designers of ROS-based applications is also provided. No requirement is made for conformance to
30、 this Recommendation I International Standard. 2 Normative references The following ITU-T Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Specification. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid.
31、All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Specification are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the Recommendations and Standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of curre
32、ntly valid International Standards. The Telecommunications Standardization Bureau of the ITU maintains a list of currently valid IT-T Recommendations. 2.1 Identical Recommendations I International Standards - ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (1994) I ISO/IEC 8824-1: 1994, Information technology - Abstract
33、 Syntax Notation One (ASN. 1): Specification of basic notation. ITU-T Recommendation X.681 (1994) I ISO/IEC 8824-2:1994, Information technology -Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN. 1): Information object specification. ITU-T Recommendation X.682 (1994) I ISOflEC 8824-3: 1994, Information technology -
34、 Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN. I): Constraint specification. ITU-T Recommendation X.683 (1994) I ISO/IEC 8824-4:1994, Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN. 1): Parameterization of ASN. 1 specifications. ITU-T Recommendation X.200 (1994) I ISO/IEC 7498-1: 1994, Informution
35、technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Basic Reference Model: The basic model. IT-T Recommendation X.881 (1994) I ISOAEC 13712-2:1994, Information technology - Remote Operations: OS1 realizations - Remote Operations Service Element (ROSE) service definition. ITU-T Recommendation X.882 (1994) I
36、ISO/IEC 13712-3:1994, Information technology - Remote Operations: OS1 realizations - Remote Operations Service Element (ROSE) protocol specijication. - - - - - - 2.2 Paired Recommendations I International Standards equivalent in technical content - CCITT Recommendation X.219 (1988), Remote Operation
37、s: Model, notation and service definition. ISO/IEC 9072-1: 1989, Information processing systems - Text communication - Remote Operations - Part I: Model, notation and service definition. CCITT Recommendation X.229 (1988), Remote Operations: Protocol specification. ISODEC 9072-2: 1989, Information pr
38、ocessing systems - Text communication - Remote Operations - Part 2: Protocol specification. - ITU-T Rec. X.880 (1994 E) 1 ITU-T RECIN*X.BBO 94 q86259L 0597707 753 ISO/IEC 13712-1 : 1995 (E) 2.3 Additional references - CCITT Recommendation X.407 (1988), Message handling system: Abstract service defin
39、ition conventions. 3 Definitions 3.1 OS1 reference model definitions This Recommendation I International Standard makes- use of the following terms defined in ITU-T Rec. X.200 I ISO/IEC 7498-1: a) abstract syntax; b) protocol data unit; c) quality of service. 3.2 ASN.l definitions This Recommendatio
40、n I International Standard makes use of the following terms defined in ITU-T Rec. X.680 I ISO/IEC 8824-1: a) (data) type; b) (data) value. This Recommendation I International Standard makes use of the following terms defined in ITU-T Rec. X.681 I ISO/IEC 8824-2: a) field; b) (information) object; c)
41、 (information) object class; d) (information) object set. This Recommendation I International Standard makes use of the following terms defined in IT-T Rec. X.6821 ISO/IEC 8824-3: a) constraint; b) exception value. This Recommendation I International Standard makes use of the following terms defined
42、 in ITU-T Rec. X.683 I ISO/IEC 8824-4: - parameterized. 3.3 ROS definitions This Recommendation I International Standard defines the following terms: 3.3.1 3.3.2 of operations. 3.3.3 association with each other. 3.3.4 the two parties are capable of performing differ. 3.3.5 establishment and release
43、of associations between them. 3.3.6 3.3.7 argument: A data value accompanying the invocation of an operation. association: A relationship between a pair of objects, serving as the context for the invocation and perfomance association contract: A specification of the roles of a pair of communicating
44、objects who may have an asymmetrical: Describing an operation package (or association contract), where the sets of operations which connection package: A specification of the roles of a pair of communicating objects in the dynamic contract: A set of requirements on one or more objects prescribing a
45、collective behaviour. error: A report of the unsuccessful performance of an operation. 2 ITU-T Rec. X.880 (1994 E) - - ITU-T RECMN*X*880 94 4862593 0597708 b9T ISODEC 13712-1 : 1995 (E) 3.3.8 linked operation: An operation invoked during the performance of another operation by the (latters) performe
46、r and intended to be performed by the (latters) invoker. 3.3.9 object: A model of (possibly a self-contained part of) a system, characterized by its initial state and its behaviour arising from external interactions over well-defined interfaces. 3.3.10 operation: A function that one object (the invo
47、ker) can request of another (the performer). 3.3.11 operation package: A collection of related operations used to specify the roles of a pair of communicating objects, each operation being invokable by one or both objects of the pair and performable by the partner. 3.3.12 parameter (of an error): A
48、data value which may accompany the report of an error. 3.3.13 result: A data value which may accompany the report of the successful performance of an operation. 3.3.14 ROS-object: An object whose interactions with other objects are described using ROS concepts. 3.3.15 symmetrical: Describing an oper
49、ation package (or assocation contract) in which both parties are capable of performing the same set of operations. 3.3.16 synchronous: A characteristic of an operation that, once invoked, its invoker cannot invoke another synchronous operation (with the same intended performer) until the outcome has been reported. 4 Abbreviations For the purposes of this Recommendation I International Standard, the following abbreviations apply: ASN. 1 PDU Protocol Data Unit QOS Quality of Service RO (or ROS) Remote Operations Abst
