1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNIONITU-T Y.140TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATION SECTOROF ITU(11/2000)SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTUREAND INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTSGlobal information infrastructure GeneralGlobal Information Infrastructure (GII):Reference points for interconnection framewor
2、kITU-T Recommendation Y.140(Formerly CCITT Recommendation)ITU-T Y-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONSGLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE AND INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTSGLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTUREGeneral Y.100Y.199Services, applications and middleware Y.200Y.299Network aspects Y.300Y.399Interfaces and protocols
3、 Y.400Y.499Numbering, addressing and naming Y.500Y.599Operation, administration and maintenance Y.600Y.699Security Y.700Y.799Performances Y.800Y.899INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTSGeneral Y.1000Y.1099Services and applications Y.1100Y.1199Architecture, access, network capabilities and resource management Y.
4、1200Y.1299Transport Y.1300Y.1399Interworking Y.1400Y.1499Quality of service and network performance Y.1500Y.1599Signalling Y.1600Y.1699Operation, administration and maintenance Y.1700Y.1799Charging Y.1800Y.1899For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.ITU-T Y.140 (11/200
5、0) iITU-T Recommendation Y.140Global Information Infrastructure (GII):Reference points for interconnection frameworkSummaryThis Recommendation sets the scene for interconnection within the framework of the GII, amulti-operator, multi-provider and multi-vendor telecommunications environment. The sign
6、ificanceof interconnection in particular scenarios is dealt with in Annexes A, B, C, D and E. These includePSTN/ISDN, PSTN/ISDN access network, gateway architectures, service provider access andmanagement systems/TMN. The annexes, Appendix I and the bibliography list interconnectionrelated Recommend
7、ations and also standards developed by other organizations cooperatingwith ITU.SourceITU-T Recommendation Y.140 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 13 (2001-2004) and approvedunder the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure on 24 November 2000.KeywordsFramework, global information infrastructure, interconnection
8、, interconnection interfaces, referencepoints for interconnection.ii ITU-T Y.140 (11/2000)FOREWORDThe International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field oftelecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ
9、ofITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendationson them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis.The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years,establishes the topics
10、for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on thesetopics.The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1.In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards areprepared on
11、 a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC.NOTEIn this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both atelecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency.INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or imp
12、lementation of this Recommendation mayinvolve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence,validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or othersoutside of the Recommendation development process.
13、As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property,protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors arecautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged
14、 to consult theTSB patent database. ITU 2001All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from ITU.ITU-T Y.140 (11/2000) iiiCONTENTSPage1 Scope a
15、nd purpose 12 Terms and Definitions 13 Abbreviations . 14 References 35 The scene background and relationship with the GII 36 Interconnection related concepts inside and outside the ITU. 67 General concept of interfaces at reference points for interconnection(interconnection interfaces) 88 Classes o
16、f interface. 99 Organization of the annexes and the appendix. 10Annex A PSTN/ISDN scenario 10A.1 Overview 10A.2 Applicable standards 11A.3 Reference list 11Annex B PSTN/ISDN Access Network scenario . 12B.1 Overview 12B.2 Applicable standards for PSTN/ISDN Access Network 13B.3 Referenced standards 13
17、Annex C Service Provider Access 14C.1 Overview 14C.2 IN-based service provider access . 15C.3 Applicable standards for IN based service provider access . 16C.4 Referenced standards 16Annex D Management systems/TMN 17D.1 Overview 17D.2 Applicable standards for management systems/TMN 18D.3 Referenced
18、standards 18Annex E General packet radio service interworking scenario 18E.1 Overview 18E.2 Applicable standard for GPRS interworking 19iv ITU-T Y.140 (11/2000)PageAppendix I Gateway architectures 19I.1 General . 19I.2 ETSI Gateway Architecture 20I.2.1 Functional decomposition of the IP telephony ap
19、plication plane . 20I.2.2 Reference points used in scenario 1 21I.2.3 Example implementations. 22I.3 IETF Gateway Architecture (Figure I.4) 24I.4 ITU-T Architecture. 25ITU-T Y.140 (11/2000) 1ITU-T Recommendation Y.140Global Information Infrastructure (GII):reference points for interconnection framew
20、ork1 Scope and purposeThis Recommendation provides a pictorial overview of the role of key ITU-T Recommendations inthe field of interconnection as part of the Global Information Infrastructure (GII).In the context of this Recommendation, the term “interconnection“ is used only from the technicalview
21、point to describe the technical relationship between the players in the enterprise model. It isrecognized that the term interconnection also has regulatory implications and may in that contexthave a different scope (see e.g. 1 and 2).This Recommendation is intended to be open-ended, in order to keep
22、 pace with the ongoingstandards development process within the ITU.This Recommendation is intended to help those involved in developing the GII to discover whichITU-T Recommendations are applicable to practical cases and realistic business contexts. ThisRecommendation is particularly a tool to give
23、guidance for the standardization of general networkaspects and service requirements. This tool would be a basis to meet requirements forinterconnection interfaces.It is envisaged that, among others, this Recommendation will be useful to:a) equipment manufacturers;b) network operators;c) organization
24、s involved in GII related work;d) regulatory authorities;e) service providers.2 Terms and DefinitionsIn this Recommendation, the following terms and definitions from ITU-T Y.110 are used: broker; domain;player;role; segment.3 AbbreviationsThis Recommendation uses the following abbreviations:AN Acces
25、s NetworkANSI American National Standards InstituteBES Back End ServicesCAMEL Customized Applications for Mobile (Network) Enhanced LogicCCF Call Control Function (IN)2 ITU-T Y.140 (11/2000)CN Customer NetworkCORBA Common Object Request Broker ArchitectureDSS(1,2) Digital Subscriber Signalling Syste
26、m (No. 1, 2)ETSI European Telecommunications Standards InstituteFAS Frame Alignment SignalGII Global Information InfrastructureGPRS General Packet Radio ServiceGSM Global System for Mobile CommunicationsIETF Internet Engineering Task ForceIN Intelligent NetworkINAP Intelligent Network Application Pa
27、rt (SS7)INTI Interconnection InterfaceIP Internet ProtocolISDN Integrated Services Digital NetworkISUP ISDN User Part (in SS7)LDN Long Distance NetworkLN Local NetworkMAP Mobile Application PartMDTP Multi-network Datagram Transmission ProtocolMEGACO Media Gateway Control (IETF Working Group)MG Media
28、 GatewayMGC Media Gateway ControllerMGCP Media Gateway Control ProtocolMT Mobile TerminalNFAS Non-Frame Alignment SignalNNI Network-(Network) Node InterfacePCM Pulse Code ModulationPLMN Public Land Mobile NetworkPSTN Public Switched Telephone NetworkPTN(O) Public Telecommunication Network (Operator)
29、QoS Quality of ServiceRAS Registration, Admission and StatusRPI Reference Point for InterconnectionRPI-N Reference Point for Interconnection (Network)RPI-S Reference Point for Interconnection (Service)RTP Real-time Transport ProtocolSCF Service Control Function (IN)ITU-T Y.140 (11/2000) 3SCGF Servic
30、e Control Gateway Function (IN)SCN Switched Circuit NetworkSDF Service Data Function (IN)SDO Standards Development OrganizationSDP Session Description ProtocolSG Signalling GatewaySIGTRAN Signalling Transport (IETF Working Group)SIP Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)SP Service ProviderSPA(I) Service
31、Provider Access (Interface)SSF Service Switching Function (IN)SS7 Signalling System No. 7TMN Telecommunications Management NetworkTUP Telephone User Part (in SS7)UNI User-Network Interface4 ReferencesThe following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, throughreference
32、in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, theeditions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision;users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying themost recent e
33、dition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currentlyvalid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. ITU-T Y.101 (2000), Global Information Infrastructure terminology: Terms and definitions. ITU-T Y.110 (1998), Global Information Infrastructure principles and f
34、rameworkarchitecture. ITU-T Y.120 (1998), Global Information Infrastructure scenario methodology.References particularly relevant to Annexes A, B, C, D and E, and Appendix can be found in theannexes and the appendix themselves.5 The scene background and relationship with the GIIOne of the statements
35、 of ITU-T Y.110, which is key to this Recommendation, says that the GII isbased upon a seamless federation of interconnected, interoperable communication networks andinformation processing equipment, databases and terminals (i.e. interconnection plays an importantrole within the context of GII).It i
36、s essential that all parties who need interface standards can easily determine whether there isalready one available to meet their needs. It is desirable that proprietary solutions are not inventedsimply because of lack of awareness of the existence of standards-based solutions.The GII is a wide ran
37、ging concept involving many players (network operators, service providers,manufacturers, etc.). Inevitably, components belonging to different organizations are required to beinterconnected. This interconnection takes place at a Reference Point for Interconnection (RPI).Reference Point is a well-defi
38、ned term in the ISDN context to separate functional groups4 ITU-T Y.140 (11/2000)(ITU-T I.411). To realize an interconnection at an RPI an Interconnection Interface is implemented.At one and the same RPI different types of interfaces may be possible.ITU-T Y.110 GII principles and framework architect
39、ure describes and formalizes manysituations where such interfaces may arise. ITU-T Y.110 also describes the concepts of segments,roles, players, domains, etc. in terms of the telecommunications market place.With reference to ITU-T Y.110, Figure 1 gives an overview of the telecommunications market pl
40、acethat illustrates the diversity of players, roles and domains, in which Reference Points forInterconnection may occur.ITU-T Y.140 (11/2000) 5T1317130-00carry user plane and control plane information carry management plane informationConceptual Reference Point for Interconnection (cRPI)Multiple Rol
41、e, Single PlayerLong Distance NetworkLocal Networkd dcccb bba axSingle Role, Multiple PlayersabcxxaCustomer NetworkqqqqqxqqeqeqLDN ManagementOtherLong Distance NetworksTransit Node(Note 2)SP/BrokerClass 3SP/BrokerClass 3Other Local Networks(Note 1)CommonLDNand LNMgmt.Local Node(Note 3)SP/BrokerClass
42、 3AN ManagementOther Access Networks(Note 1)SP/BrokerClass 2SP Class 1CN ManagementSP Class 1Access NetworkaqqLN ManagementNOTE 1 This could use, e.g. twisted pair, coaxial cable, wireless and support ATM, FR, IP, etc. NOTE 2 Transit Switch and/or Router.NOTE 3 Initial point of attachment (Service N
43、ode/Local Switch).cRPI a Point of connection of a customer to a public networkcRPI b Initial point of connection to a switched network, i.e. to gain access to switched servicescRPI c Point to connect an SN to other SNs or to services of the Transit NetworkcRPI d Point of interconnecting Transit Node
44、scRPI e Point to connect an SP/broker class 2 to a (transport) networkcRPI q Point to connect a network to its management system/TMNcRPI x Point to interconnect Management Systems/TMNsSP/BrokerClass 2SP Class 1Figure 1/Y.140 Illustrative examples of Reference Points for Interconnection6 ITU-T Y.140
45、(11/2000)RPIs can be categorized for a more detailed specification of interconnection requirements. The lefthand side of Figure 1 illustrates a case where all parts of a telecommunication network are operatedby a single player (single player, multiple role). In the right hand side of the figure, ate
46、lecommunication network service is provided by several operators (multiple players, single role).The application of ITU-T Recommendations in an open multi-operator multi-vendor fashion willresult in the standardization of interfaces at these RPIs.Besides the more obvious case of network interconnect
47、ion other types of “connecting to .“ or“providing access to .“ are relevant in the complex environment of the GII as well. One of these isthe access of service providers (SPs) or brokers to networks or parts thereof. RPIs which may beused by SPs or brokers are also included in Figure 1. At least thr
48、ee classes of SPs or brokers could bedistinguished. They are dealt with in Annex C in more detail together with the special case of an INbased SP access.In practice, some conceptual RPIs may not be provided by the player in question for interconnectionto other players. The provision of actual interf
49、aces will be determined by competitive practicesand/or local regulations.6 Interconnection related concepts inside and outside the ITUAs specified in ITU-T Y.110, the GII is the evolutionary concept towards the infrastructure thatenables people securely to use a set of communication services supporting open multitude ofapplications and embracing all modes of information. The GII is based upon a seamless federation ofinterconnected, interoperable communication networks and information processing equipment. Thismeans that the GI
