1、2008 年北京师范大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、名词解释1 The Importance of Being Earnest2 My Last Duchess3 Bleak House4 The Turn of the Screw5 The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock6 Tom Jones7 The Hairy Ape8 Frankenstein9 The Golden Notebook10 Herzog11 epistolary novels12 stream of consciousness二、分析题12 Read the follow
2、ing poem by Robert Frost and do according to the requirements. The Road Not TakenTwo roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth;Then took the other, as just as fair, An
3、d having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same.And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads to way, I doubted
4、if I should ever come back.I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.13 Please analyze the symbolic meanings of this poem with your understanding of the theme implied in
5、it;(10 points)14 Please point out one or two artistic features of the poem with the examples in the text.(6 points)14 This is a passage drawn from Chapter I of The Moon and Sixpence by Somerset Maugham. Please briefly answer the questions below it.I confess that when first I made acquaintance with C
6、harles Strickland I never for a moment discerned that there was in him anything out of the ordinary. Yet now few will be found to deny his greatness. I do not speak of that greatness which is achieved by the fortunate politician or the successful soldier; that is a quality which belongs to the place
7、 he occupies rather than to the man; and a change of circumstances reduces it to very discreet proportions. The Prime Minister out of office is seen, too often, to have been but a pompous rhetorician, and the General without an army is but the tame hero of a market town. The greatness of Charles Str
8、ickland was authentic. It may be that you do not like his art, but at all events you can hardly refuse it the tribute of your interest. He disturbs and arrests. The time has passed when he was an object of ridicule, and it is no longer a mark of eccentricity to defend or of perversity to extol him.
9、His faults are accepted as the necessary complement to his merits. It is still possible to discuss his place in art, and the adulation of his admirers is perhaps no less capricious than the disparagement of his detractors; but one thing can never be doubtful, and that is that he had genius. To my mi
10、nd the most interesting thing in art is the personality of the artist; and if that is singular, I am willing to excuse a thousand faults. I suppose Velasquez was a better painter than El Greco, but custom stales one s admiration for him; the Cretan, sensual and tragic, proffers the mystery of his so
11、ul like a standing sacrifice. The artist, painter , poet, or musician, by his decoration, sublime or beautiful, satisfies the aesthetic sense; but that is akin to the sexual instinct, and shares its barbarity: he lays before you also the greater gift of himself. To pursue his secret has something of
12、 the fascination of a detective story. It is a riddle which shares with the universe the merit of having no answer. The most insignificant of Strickland s works suggests a personality which is strange, tormented, and complex; and it is this surely which prevents even those who do not like his pictur
13、es from being indifferent to them; it is this which has excited so curious an interest in his life and character.15 Please paraphrase the following sentences briefly.a. . that is a quality which belongs to the place he occupies rather than to the man; and a change of circumstances reduces it to very
14、 discreet proportions.(5 points)b. He disturbs and arrests.(3 points)16 Could you please describe Charles Strickland less than 100 words of your own?(10 points)17 Can you find out the author s attitude to the Art? Whats the author s review to Charles Strickland?(12 points)2008 年北京师范大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答
15、案与解析一、名词解释1 【正确答案】 Oscar Wilde【试题解析】 (不可儿戏(或译诚实的重要性)是英国唯美主义艺术运动的提倡者奥斯卡王尔德的代表作之一。)2 【正确答案】 Robert Browning【试题解析】 (我已故的公爵夫人是英国维多利亚时期著名诗人罗伯特 布朗宁的代表作，采用了“戏剧独白”的形式。)3 【正确答案】 Charles Dickens【试题解析】 (荒凉山庄是英国维多利亚时期著名小说家查理 狄更斯的重要作品。)4 【正确答案】 Henry James【试题解析】 (螺丝在拧紧是美国十九世纪小说家亨利 詹姆斯一部描写心理的恐怖小说。)5 【正确答案】 T. S.
16、Eliot【试题解析】 (普鲁弗洛克的情歌是美国二十世纪著名诗人艾略特的著名诗歌，描写了上层社会庸碌的青年求爱中的矛盾心理。)6 【正确答案】 Henry Fielding【试题解析】 (汤姆琼斯是英国十八世纪著名小说家、戏剧家亨利菲尔丁的代表作。)7 【正确答案】 Eugene ONeill【试题解析】 (毛猿是美国二十世纪著名剧作家尤金 奥尼尔的著名喜剧，尤金 奥尼尔被称为美国的“戏剧之父”。)8 【正确答案】 Mary Shelley【试题解析】 (佛兰肯斯坦(又译科学怪人)是英国十九世纪著名小说家玛丽 雪莱的第一部科幻作品，也是文学史上第一部科幻作品，因而玛丽 雪莱被称为“科幻小说之母
17、”。)9 【正确答案】 Doris Lessing【试题解析】 (金色笔记本是 2007 年诺贝尔文学奖得主多丽丝 莱辛的代表作，是女权主义者的经典之作。)10 【正确答案】 Saul Bellow【试题解析】 (赫索格是美国二十世纪著名小说索尔 贝娄的一部小说，深刻地反映了中产阶级知识分子在现代资本主义条件下信仰的失落和对前途的迷惘。)11 【正确答案】 epistolary novels: Epistolary novels are novels written in the form of a series of letters exchanged among the character
18、s of the story, with extracts from their journals sometimes included. A form of narrative often used in English and French novels of the 18th century, it has been revived only rarely since then, as in John Barth s Letters. Important examples include Richardson s Pamela and Clarissa, Rousseau s La No
19、uvelle Heloise. and Laclos s Les Liaisons dangereuses.12 【正确答案】 stream of consciousness: Stream of consciousness is the continuous flow of sense, perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and memories in the human mind, or a literary method of representing such a blending of mental processes in fictional cha
20、racters, usually in an unpunctuated or disjointed form of interior monologue. This term was created by Henry James in the 19th century. As an important device of modernist fiction and its later imitators, the technique was pioneered by Dorothy Richardson in Pilgrimage and by James Joyce in Ulysses,
21、and further developed by Virginia Woolf in Mrs. Dalloway and William Faulkner in The Sound and the Fury. It came to its peak in 1920s.【试题解析】 (本题考查文学术语解释，可从术语的类型、时期、主要特点和代表作家等方面进行阐释。)二、分析题13 【正确答案】 The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should foll
22、ow on his walk. In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one which seems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chooses to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he is speaking of his choice to
23、 become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to
24、possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently. The different road one takes, the different kind of life one will have.14 【正确答案】 In addition to the symbols used in this poem
25、, other artistic features are employed in the rhythm aspects. This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. Alliteration is employed in this poem, such as “wanted wear“ in the third line of the second stanza.【试题解析】 (本题考查了对美国诗人罗伯特?佛罗斯特的著
26、名诗歌未选择的路的理解和掌握情况。这首诗是内容和形式俱佳的典范。在第一问中可先解读这首诗歌的主题，然后阐释其象征意义。在第二问中就这首诗歌的艺术特色进行论述。参考译文：未选择的路黄色的树林里分出两条路可惜我不能同时去涉足我在那路口久久伫立我向着一条路极目望去但我却选择了另外一条路它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂显得更诱人，更美丽/虽然在这两条小路上都很少留下旅人的足迹虽然那天清晨落叶满地两条路都未经脚印污染呵，留下一条路等改日再见但我知道路径延绵无尽头恐怕我难以再回返也许多少年后在某一个地方我将轻声叹息把往事回顾一片森林里分出两条路而我却选择了人迹更少的一条从此决定了我一生的道路。)15 【正确答案】 a
27、. The people, like the fortunate politician or the successful soldier, are great because their positions are great and respectful, not because they themselves have extraordinary abilities or qualities. As times go by and they lose their position, they will not be great and respectful any longer.b. H
28、e breaks your disinterest in him and grabs your attention.【试题解析】 (本题考查对文章中旬子的理解，抓住作者对 Charles Strickland 的赞赏即可。)16 【正确答案】 He is a great painter who used to be jeered at for his strangeness and stubbornness and now is accepted by people though his position in art is still arguable. He had great talen
29、ts and personality. In his pictures, he shows his strange, tormented and complex personality truthfully which may bring about some faults but attract people s attention in an overwhelming power. Even the indifferent people can t help exploring his picture and his life.【试题解析】 (本题考查对文章的理解和语言概括能力。)17 【
30、正确答案】 The author thinks that the most interesting thing in art is the personality of the artist. Showing difference and one s personality truthfully is the most important thing. Artists not only show the sublime or beautiful side to satisfy the aesthetic sense, but also the barbaric and secret side.
31、Strickland had genius. He showed personality truthfully in his pictures. He revealed not only aesthetic sense, but also his secret. To pursue his secret is fascinating. It is his strange, tormented, and complex personality that attracted even the most indifferent people to be excited to gain interest in his life and character.Strickland is the really great people, not because of his position, but because of his pictures, and the most important, his life and character.【试题解析】 (本题考查对文章的理解，毛姆在文中提到“艺术中最令人感兴趣的就是艺术家的个性；如果艺术家赋有独特的性格，尽管他有一千个缺点，我也可以原谅”可知作者以个性为贵的艺术观点。并以此出发，阐述毛姆对 Charles Strickland 的评价。)
