1、2010 年首都师范大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、单项选择题1 Among the following plays, _is NOT a comedy written by William Shakespeare.（A）A Midsummer Nights Dream（B） The Merchant of Venice（C） As You Like It（D）Macbeth2 “All is not lost, the unconquerable will,/And study of revenge, immoral hate,/And courage never to su
2、bmit or yield,/And what is else not to be overcome?“ are taken from the poem written by_.（A）William Shakespeare（B） John Donne（C） John Milton（D）John Keats3 The novel_launched Daniel Defoe on a new career as a novelist.（A）The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe（B） Captain Singlet
3、on（C） Moll Flanders（D）The Life and Adventures of Mr. Duncan Campbell4 Among the following works by William Blake, _deals with evil, violence and emotion.（A）Song of Innocence（B） Song of Experience（C） The Marriage of Heaven and Hell（D）The Gates of Paradise5 That_is NOT true about William Wordsworth.（A
4、）Wordsworth is one of the Lake Poets（B） he was made poet laureate by British Government in 1843（C） The Prelude can be read as a declaration of Romanticism（D）he believed that poetry “takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility“6 _tells of the adversity of the orphan Pip that makes him di
5、scard his snobbishness.（A）Hard Times（B） A Tale of Two Cities（C） David Copperfield（D）Great Expectations7 Among the following works, _was written by Emily Bronte.（A）Agnes Grey（B） The Professor（C） Wuthering Heights（D）Jane Eyre8 Virginia Woolf is known as a novelist and critic._is NOT a novel of hers.（A
6、）Mrs. Dalloway（B） To the Lighthouse（C） The Common Reader（D）The Waves9 _depicts a picture of society in India under the British Raj, of the clash between East and West, and of the prejudice and misunderstanding.（A）Where Angels Feat to Tread（B） A Room with a View（C） A Passage to India（D）Howards End10
7、_is well known for depicting the absurdity of human conditions in the post-industrial society after World War II in his plays.（A）Samuel Beckett（B） George Bernard Shaw（C） Oscar Wilde（D）William Golding 11 Yoknapatawpha County is often used as the background in the novels written by_.（A）William Faulkne
8、r（B） Isaac Bashevis Singer（C） Mark Twain（D）Katherine Anne Porter12 _is NOT written by Toni Morrison.（A）The Bluest Eye（B） Beloved（C） The Color Purple（D）Paradise13 The narrator of The Great Gatsby is _.（A）Gatsby（B） Nick（C） Daisy（D）Tom14 All the following works are written by Ernest Hemingway EXCEPT_.（
9、A）A Farewell to Arms（B） The Sum Also Rises（C） The Sound and Fury（D）For Whom the Bell Tolls15 T. S. Eliots_is a precise depiction of the state of culture and society after World War I and an illustration of the spiritual poverty of the West of the time.（A）The Waste Land（B） Four Quartets（C） The Sacred
10、 Wood（D）Homage to John Dryden16 All the following novels are written by Henry James EXCEPT_.（A）The American（B） The Portrait of a Lady（C） The Ambassadors（D）Innocents Abroad17 _is written by Catherine Anne Porter.（A）Flowering Judas（B） A Rose for Emily（C） Everyday Use（D）Song of Solomon18 _is regarded a
11、s “Americas Declaration of Intellectual Independence“.（A）Nature（B） The Conduct of Life（C） Society and Solitude（D）The American Scholar19 “When it comes, the landscape listens,/ Shadows hold their breath;/ When it goes, tis like the distance/ On the look of death. “ are taken from Emily Dickinsons poe
12、m_.（A）Theres Certain Slant of Light（B） Again His Voice Is at the Door（C） Success Is Counted Sweetest（D）I felt a Funeral, in My Brain20 “Where I lived, and What I Lived for“ is taken from Thoreaus_.（A）A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers（B） Walden; or, Life in the Woods（C） The Maine Woods（D）Lif
13、e Without Principle二、名词解释21 free verse22 tall tale23 Lost Generation24 Theatre of the Absurd25 Romanticism三、问答题25 I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high oer vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils,Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing
14、in the breeze.26 Name the author of this poem.(1 point)27 What is the rhyme scheme of the stanza?(1 point)27 His smile was so easy, so friendly, that Laura recovered. What nice eyes he had, small, but such a dark blue! And now she looked at the others, they were smiling too. “ Cheer up, we wont bite
15、,“ their smile seemed to say. How very nice workmen were! And what a beautiful morning! She mustnt mention the morning; she must be business-like. The marquee.28 Name the title of the short story.(1 point)29 Comment on the writing techniques.(1 point)29 For the next eight or ten months, Oliver was t
16、he victim of a systematic course of treachery and deception. He was brought up by hand. The hungry and destitute situation of the infant orphan was duly reported by the workhouse authorities to the parish authorities. The parish authorities inquired with dignity of the workhouse authorities, whether
17、 there was no female then domiciled in “ the house“ who was in a situation to impart to Oliver Twist, the consolation and nourishment of which he stood in need. The workhouse authorities replied with humility, that there was not. Upon this, the parish authorities magnanimously and humanely resolved,
18、 that Oliver should be “farmed“ or, in other words, that he should be dispatched to a branch-workhouse some three miles off, where twenty or thirty other juvenile offenders against the poor-laws, rolled about the floor all day, without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing, under t
19、he parental superintendence of an elderly female, who received the culprits at and for the consideration of sevenpence-halfpenny per small head per week. Sevenpence-halfpennys worth per week is a good round diet for a child; a great deal may be got for sevenpence-halfpenny, quite enough to overload
20、its stomach, and make it uncomfortable. The elderly female was a woman of wisdom and experience; she knew what was food for children; and she had a very accurate perception of what was good for herself. So, she appropriated the greater part of the weekly stipend to her own use, and consigned the ris
21、ing parochial generation to even a shorter allowance than was originally provided for them. Thereby finding in the lowest depth a deeper still; and proving herself a very great experimental philosopher.30 What is the title of the novel?(1 point)31 What is the effect of the irony used in the excerpt?
22、(1 point)31 We were all at the hospital every afternoon, and there were different ways of walking across the town through the dusk to the hospital. Two of the ways were alongside canals, but they were long. Always, though, you crossed a bridge across a canal to enter the hospital. There was a choice
23、 of three bridges. On one of them a woman sold roasted chestnuts. It was warm, standing in front of her charcoal fire, and the chestnuts were warm afterward in your pocket. The hospital was very old and very beautiful, and you entered through a gate and walked across a courtyard and out a gate on th
24、e other side. There were usually funerals starting from the courtyard. Beyond the old hospital were the new brick pavilions, and there we met every afternoon and were all very polite and interested in what was the matter, and sat in the machines that were to make so much difference.32 Identify the a
25、uthor of the short story.(1 point)33 What is the theme of the short story?(1 point)33 There was music from my neighbors house through the summer night. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I wa
26、tched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On weekends his Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in th
27、e morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing-brushes and hammers and garden - shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.34 Fro
28、m which novel is this excerpt taken?(1 point)35 What is the theme of the novel?(1 point)四、评论题36 Comment on the following excerpt and write a 100-word essay on it.(10 points)From Ralph Waldo Emersons The American ScholarBooks are the best of things, well used; abused, among the worst. What is the rig
29、ht use? What is the one end, which all means go to effect? They are for nothing but to inspire. I had better never see a book than to be warped by its attraction clean out of my own orbit, and made a satellite instead of a system. The one thing in the world of value is the active soulthe soul, free,
30、 sovereign, active. This every man is entitled to; this every man contains within him, although, in almost all men, obstructed, and as yet unborn. The soul active sees absolute truth; and utters truth, or creates. In this action, it is genius; not the privilege of here and there a favorite, but the
31、sound estate of every man. In its essence, it is progressive. The book, the college, the school of art, the institution of any kind, stop with some past utterance of genius. This is good, say they,let us hold by this. They pin me down. They look backward and not forward. But genius looks forward. Th
32、e eyes of man are set in his forehead, not in his hindhead. Man hopes, genius creates. To create,to create, is the proof of a divine presence. Whatever talents may be if the man create not, the pure efflux of the Deity is not his;cinders and smoke there may be, but not yet flame. There are creative
33、manners, there are creative actions, and creative words; manners, actions, words, that is, indicative of no custom or authority, but springing spontaneous from the minds own sense of good and fair.On the other part, instead of being its own seer, let it receive from another mind its truth, though it
34、 were in torrents of light, without periods of solitude, inquest, and self-recovery, and a fatal disservice is done. Genius is always sufficiently the enemy of genius by over influence. The literature of every nation bear me witness. The English dramatic poets have Shakspearized now for two hundred
35、years.Undoubtedly there is a right way of reading, so it be sternly subordinated. Man Thinking must not be subdued by his instruments. Books are for the scholars idle times. When he can read God directly, the hour is too precious to be wasted in other mens transcripts of their readings. But when the
36、 intervals of darkness come, as come they must,when the sun is hid, and the stars withdraw their shining,we repair to the lamps which were kindled by their way, to guide our steps to the East again, where the dawn is. We hear, that we may speak. The Arabian proverb says, “A fig tree, looking on a fi
37、g tree, becometh fruitful. “2010 年首都师范大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析一、单项选择题1 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 Macbeth(麦克白)是莎士比亚的四大悲剧之一，不是喜剧。2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本句出自 John Milton(约翰密尔顿)的 Paradise Lost(失乐园)中撤旦说的话。3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 四部小说都是笛福的作品，其中鲁滨逊漂流记是笛福的第一部小说，这部小说一问世就风靡英国，享有英国第一部现实主义长篇小说的头衔。辛格顿船长、莫尔弗兰德斯和邓肯坎贝尔均为笛福的后期作品。4 【正确答案】 B【试题
38、解析】 经验之歌是英国浪漫主义时期诗人威廉布莱克(William Blake， 17571827)的诗集，与之相应的另一本为 天真之歌。这两本诗集反映了诗人的思想和创作从孩子般的天真状态走向成人经验的苦涩历程。“天真”阶段的诗清新、活泼、童趣盎然。“经验”阶段的诗笔锋一转，风格迥异，辛辣、苦涩，斥责社会的不公。5 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 The Prelude( 序曲) 是华兹华斯的长诗，而标志着浪漫主义宣言的作品是华兹华斯与柯勒律治合著的抒情歌谣集(Lyrical Ballads)。6 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 远大前程是英国作家狄更斯所写的成长小说，主人公匹普(Pip)以自传式手
39、法，叙述从七岁开始的三个人生阶段，表达了他对生命和人性的看法。7 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 Wuthering Heights(呼啸山庄)是 Emily Bronte 的作品。The Professor 和 Jane Eyre 都是 CharlotteBronte 的作品，而 Agnes Grey 是 Anne Bronte 的作品。8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 The Common Reader(普通读者)是维吉尼亚伍尔夫的散文集，并非小说，书中她以一个普通读者的身份对一些文人及其作品做了评论。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 A Passage to India( 印度之行) 是英
40、国作家爱德华 福斯特的作品，福斯特通过莫尔夫人到印度看望儿子时的见闻，特别是通过印度医生埃席士案件，揭露了英国殖民主义者对印度人民的歧视和侮辱。天使不敢涉足的地方、可以远眺的房间(又泽看得见风景的房间)和霍华德庄园中的故事都发生在欧洲大陆。10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 塞缪尔贝克特(Samuel Beckett，1906 一 1989)是荒诞派戏剧的重要代表人物。1969 年获诺贝尔文学奖，他的代表作等待戈多就是荒诞戏剧的经典作品。萧伯纳(George Bernard Show，18561950)是英国的现实主义戏剧家；王尔德(Dscar Wilde，1854 1900)是 19 世纪末
41、英国唯美主义作家，戈尔丁(Sir William Gerald Golding，19111993)是英国小说家。11 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 福克纳的很多小说都设在虚构的约克纳帕塔法郡(Yoknapatawpha County)中，原型是他故乡所在的拉斐特郡(Lafayette)。约克纳帕塔法是福克纳作品的标志，是文学史上有名的虚构地点之一。12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 The Color Purple(紫色) 是美国黑人女作家艾丽丝沃克(Alice Walker，1944 一) 的作品。13 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 了不起的盖茨比是以穷职员尼克的视角来讲述大富翁盖茨比的故事
42、。这部以 20 世纪 20 年代纽约及长岛为背景的小说是作家菲茨杰拉德(Francis Scott Fitzgerald，18961940)的作品，被视为美国“爵士时代”的象征。14 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 The Sound and Fury(喧哗与骚动)是作家福克纳(William Faulkner，18971962)的作品。15 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 艾略特的荒原呈现的是西方一战后普遍悲观失望的情绪和精神的贫困，宗教信仰的淡薄导致了文明的衰落。在四个四重奏中，诗人借用他的祖先和他自己生活中值得纪念的四个地点为诗题，呈现了有限与无限、瞬间与永恒、过去与未来、生与死等一系列的二
43、元论思想。神圣的树林(又译圣林)是艾略特的文学论文集。向约翰德莱顿致敬收录的是艾略特对 17 世纪文学的三篇评论，其中重点评述的是诗人约翰德莱顿。16 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 Innocents Abroad(傻子出国记)是马克 吐温的旅欧报道。描写了天真无知的美国人在欧洲的旅游见闻，文中充满滑稽、诙谐的笔调。17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 Flowering Judas(开花的犹大树)是凯瑟琳安 波特的短篇小说。献给艾米莉的玫瑰是福克纳的作品，日用家当是艾丽思沃克的短篇小说，所罗门之歌是莫里森的长篇小说。18 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 爱默生的 The American Sch
44、olar(美国学者)宣告了美国文学已脱离英国文学而独立，告诫美国学者不要让学究习气蔓延，不要盲目地追随传统，不要进行纯粹地模仿。另外这篇演讲还抨击了美国社会的拜金主义，强调人的价值，被誉为美国思想文化领域的“独立宣言”。19 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本句节选自狄金森的有那么一道斜射的光(Theres a Certain Slant of Light)。再一次，他的声音在门外响起 、成功的滋味和脑海里的葬礼也都是狄金森的诗歌。20 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 这句出自梭罗的瓦尔登湖第四章。康科德河和梅里麦克河上的一星期、缅因森林和没有原则的生活均为梭罗的作品。二、名词解释21 【正确答案
45、】 Free verse is printed in short lines instead of the continuity of prose, but it differs from a traditional verse by the fact that its rhythmic pattern is not organized into a regular metrical formthat is, into feet, or recurrent units of weak and strong stressed syllables. Most free verses also ha
46、ve irregular line lengths, and either lack rhyme or else use it only occasionally. Walt Whitman is a representative who employs this poem form successfully and Song of Myself is one of his poem in this form.22 【正确答案】 A tall tale is a story with unbelievable elements, related as if it were true and f
47、actual. A tall tale is a special kind of hero story because the heroes of tall tales are “larger than life“. They are bigger or stronger than real people, even when the tall tale is based on a real person. The tall tale is a fundamental element of American folk literature.23 【正确答案】 Lost Generation,
48、this term is used to describe the people of the post-WWI years, who remained in Paris as a colony of expatriates or exiles. It describes the Americans who return to their native land with an intense awareness of living in an unfamiliar changing world. Notable authors as part of the “Lost Generation“
49、 are modernists such as Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, T. S. Eliot and so on.24 【正确答案】 “Theatre of the Absurd“ is a term for particular plays written by a number of primarily European playwrights in the late 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, as well as the style of theatre which has evolved from their work. The representative dramatists are such as Eugene Io
