1、2014 年扬州大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 FAO2 ASEAN3 sociosemiotics4 utopia5 detective thriller6 cyberspace7 castration complex8 binary opposition9 Pandoras box10 subdivided housing11 exotic invasive species12 threshold for theft13 UN membership dues14 sorted household rubbish15 baby formula limits汉译英16 三教(儒、
2、释、道)17 京剧人物脸谱18 “一条龙”服务19 南水北调20 旅游搭台，经贸唱戏21 三羊开泰22 东海防空识别区23 产业升级换代24 老字号25 民生调查26 社会公平正义27 科教兴国、人才强国战略28 科研成果产业化29 全面深化经济体制改革30 拓宽实体经济融资渠道英译汉31 A century ago, Progressive-era reformers, shocked by the number of teens trapped in dead-end jobs, launched a remarkable campaign to help everyone attend
3、high school. For nearly 40 years, America opened a new high school, on average, every day. A high school diploma allowed the children of factory workers and farmers to obtain relatively high-skilled, high-wage jobs, narrowing the wage gap among the social classes and enhancing the growth of the nati
4、ons economy. Today, we face a similar problem at the university level.Young people increasingly realize that they cannot earn a living wage without going to college. Yet many are woefully unprepared to do so, both because of the inferior education in most low-income communities and because their par
5、ents cannot help them through college. So they work extra hours and take on crippling debt loads. About a third of the students at public or private four-year universities and two-thirds of those who enroll in a community college or a for-profit institution do not earn a degree, while accumulating s
6、ubstantial red ink.32 Since its early appearance in the 1960s, the term “globalization“ has been used in both popular and academic literature to describe a process, a condition, a system, a force, and an age. Given that these competing labels have very different meanings, their indiscriminate usage
7、is often obscure and invites confusion. For example, a sloppy conflation of process and condition encourages circular definitions that possess little explanatory power. For example, the often-repeated truism that “globalization the process leads to more globalization the condition“ does not allow us
8、 to draw meaningful analytical distinctions between causes and effects. Hence, I suggest that we use the term globality to signify a social condition characterized by the existence of global economic, political, cultural and environmental interconnections and flows that make many of the currently ex
9、isting borders and boundaries irrelevant. Yet, we should not assume that “globality“ refers to a determinate endpoint that precludes any further development. Rather, this concept points to a particular social condition that, like all conditions, is destined to give way to new, qualitatively distinct
10、 constellations.汉译英33 艺术自古以来就有无所不在的性质，这和艺术是文明的奢侈产品、文化的无用装饰、社会的累赘藻绘的流行观点形成了鲜明的对比。跟多数艺术家的信念更为一致的观点是，艺术是人类生活的缩影，是顿悟与情感的最真实的记录，没有艺术但在军事上或经济最强盛的社会，与拥有原始的画家、舞蹈家或偶像雕刻家的最不开化的部落相比，也是贫穷的。任何一个真正达到文明程度的社会，都已产生了艺术，不是在其发展进程的末期，而是在其最初的开端。艺术，实际上是人类进步的前导，不论就个人还是社会而言。艺术的庸俗化是种族衰退的最确定无疑的症状。一门新艺术，或甚至一种伟大和崭新的风格的产生，总是显示着无
11、论是集体还是个人心智的青春与活力。2014 年扬州大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 联合国粮食与农业组织2 【正确答案】 东南亚国家联盟3 【正确答案】 社会符号学4 【正确答案】 乌托邦5 【正确答案】 侦探恐怖片6 【正确答案】 网络空间7 【正确答案】 阉割情结8 【正确答案】 二元对立9 【正确答案】 潘多拉魔盒10 【正确答案】 细分住房11 【正确答案】 外来入侵物种12 【正确答案】 侵犯标准13 【正确答案】 联合国会费14 【正确答案】 家庭垃圾分类15 【正确答案】 婴儿配方奶粉限额汉译英16 【正确答案】 the Three Doctrines(C
12、onfucianism，Buddhism，Taoism)17 【正确答案】 Peking opera mask18 【正确答案】 a package service19 【正确答案】 South to-North water diversion20 【正确答案】 Economy provides basement for cultural development21 【正确答案】 Three Rams Bring Bliss22 【正确答案】 East China Sea Air Defense Identification Zone23 【正确答案】 upgrading and transf
13、ormation of the industry24 【正确答案】 timehonored brand25 【正确答案】 investigation of peoples livelihood26 【正确答案】 social equality and justice27 【正确答案】 the strategy of reinvigorating China through science，technology and education and human resource development28 【正确答案】 take scientific fruits into application
14、29 【正确答案】 deepen the reform of the economic system in an allround way30 【正确答案】 broaden financing channels for the real economy英译汉31 【正确答案】 一个世纪之前，美国进步时代的改革者们对受困于毫无前途的工作的青少年数量感到震惊，他们发起了一场举世瞩目的运动来帮助每个人接受中学教育。在近 40 年中，美国平均每天就要建一所中学。有了中学学位，工人和农民家庭的孩子们可以获得有技术含量、薪资较高的工作，也就缩小了各社会阶层之间的收入差距，促进了国家经济发展。如今，我们在大
15、学教育上也面临同样的问题。年轻人逐渐意识到，不上大学的话就养不活自己。但还有许多人就可悲地不准备上大学，一方面是因为大多数低收人群体接受的教育水平都比较低，另一方面因为他们的父母供不起他们上大学。所以他们的工作要加班，还要背负沉重的债务负担。大概三分之一的公立或私立四年制大学的学生以及三分之二的社区大学或营利性机构的学生没有获得学位，造成了大量的教育资源浪费。32 【正确答案】 “ 全球化 ”这个术语早在 20 世纪 60 年代出现时就用于通俗文学以及学术文献，用以描述一个过程、一种状态、一个体系、一种力量以及一个时代。这些冲突性的名号意义差别很大，不加选择的话经常会很难理解，让人心生困惑。比
16、如，过程和状态马马虎虎地拼在一起就会产生一些毫无解释力的循环定义。就比如一再提到的陈词滥调全球化(过程)，导致了更多的全球化(状态)，对此，我们根本就无法对因果做出有意义的分析。所以，我建议使用“全球性” 一词来表示一种社会状态，由于全球的经济、政治、文化以及环境的相互联系和流动，许多现存的边界和界限都变得无关紧要。但是，我们不认为“全球性” 是一个阻碍向前发展的终结点，相反，这个概念指向一种特别的社会状态，就像所有的状态一样，注定要为新生的、具有特优质地的意群让位。汉译英33 【正确答案】 The argument that art has been ubiquitous since anc
17、ient times is in dramatic contrast to the popular standpoint that art is the luxurious product of civilization, the needless decoration of culture and redundant color of society. Most artists argue more that art is the epitome of humans life and the real record of epiphany and emotion. The society,
18、though, which is powerful in military and economy, is poor compared with the primitive tribe which holds painters, dancers and icon gravers. Art has formed in a real civilized society, not at the last phase of its development, but at the beginning. Art, actually is the pioneer of humans progress, not only for the individual but also for the society. A new art or even a great and fresh style always shows the vigor and vitality of the mind of community as well as the individual.
