1、2015 年中山大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became_at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.（A）she was the first woman to conduct（B） the first woman conductor（C） the woman was first conducting（D）the woman conducts first2 When_to dough and heated, carbon dioxide is released
2、, causing the dough to rise.（A）is added baking powder（B） added baking powder is（C） is baking powder added（D）baking powder is added3 Bubbles, flaws, and other irregularities diffuse the light that passes through stained glass, _the glass sparkle.（A）which making（B） and making（C） making（D）to making4 Pu
3、blished in 1957, John Cheevers first novel, The Wapshot Chronicle, earned_the National Book Award.（A）that he had（B） him（C） was his（D）to him5 During the second and third years of life, children gain_over their bodies.（A）control increasing（B） increasing to control（C） control is increasing（D）increasing
4、 control6 With_formal art training and largely self-educated, Anna Mary Moses, known as Grandma Moses, began to paint rural scenes at the age of seventy-eight.（A）not（B） no（C） neither（D）never7 At the time of Columbus voyages, Native Americans used an astounding diversity of languages, _the diversity
5、used by Europeans.（A）the greatest by far（B） by far than greater（C） by far the greatest（D）greater by far than8 A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness_.（A）having eaten（B） that they are eaten（C） are eaten（D）when eaten9 Most of North America receives_some form of continuous plant cove
6、r except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.（A）moisture to sustain sufficient（B） sufficient moisture to sustain（C） to sustain sufficient moisture（D）sufficient to sustain moisture10 All the major cities of the United States,_the cities of the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico, began as centers of tr
7、ade.（A）and to include（B） which including（C） included（D）including11 The portrayal of everyday life in the objects of folk art makes it_valuable source of history.（A）and a（B） so that a（C） a（D）is a12 To cope with this problem, we should try to_ourselves_the traditions and customs of other nations.（A）ac
8、quaint.with（B） be acquainted.to（C） acquaint.to（D）be acquainted.to13 The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people_and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility.（A）to purchase their own automobiles（B） their own to purchase automobiles（C） to their own purchase automobiles（D）own t
9、heir automobiles to purchase14 It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes _ round shape into a teardrop shape.（A）of the drop（B） the drops（C） drop of（D）drops their15 That customer wanted to return the pens he bought because he said they_easily.（A）didnt write（B） were
10、not writing（C） werent write（D）hadnt been writing16 In spite of his_appearance, his movements were as spirited as a young mans.（A）aging（B） aged（C） being aged（D）having aged17 In a desperate attempt_some money, the wretched man resorted_some of his acquaintances.（A）to get.to blackmail（B） getting.blackm
11、ailing（C） to get.to blackmailing（D）getting.to blackmailing18 Virtually all financial_will be conducted by computer.（A）transactions（B） transitions（C） transformations（D）transmissions19 I dont regret_her what I thought of her husband, even though it might have upset her.（A）telling（B） to tell（C） that I
12、will tell（D）to have to tell20 Many theories concerning juvenile delinquency suggest that children commit crimes in _to their failure to rise above their socio-economic status.（A）return（B） reply（C） reference（D）response21 We havent got much time. Lets_business.（A）get back on（B） get on for（C） get down
13、to（D）get over with22 He has a quality one doesnt find in politicshes a(n)_nice person.（A）regularly（B） specifically（C） extraordinarily（D）conventionally23 John is a freshman in Peking University, _his major.（A）History being（B） History as（C） as History（D）being History24 That our family environment has
14、much to do with our abilities, characters and behavior _central to his theory.（A）is（B） are（C） has been（D）have been25 It is absolutely imperative that governments of all levels_on this issue in spite of some difficulties.（A）will cooperate（B） cooperated（C） cooperate（D）cooperates26 The policemen thread
15、ed their way through the building to look for a gunman_.（A）at times（B） at heart（C） at ease（D）at large27 It was not until he closed the door_he_he forgot to take the keys with him.（A）that, realized（B） did, realize（C） which, realized（D）when, realized28 Much of the boys free time_the Internet.（A）spends
16、 surfing（B） is spent surfing（C） spent surfing（D）is spent to surf29 University is not just a place to_knowledge passed on to us from the past. It should be a place to explore new ideas.（A）inquire（B） require（C） acquire（D）squire30 To solve a problem, we must identify it first, which psychologists_as pr
17、oblem representation.（A）relate to（B） resort to（C） refer to（D）refer二、Reading Comprehension30 It is common today to identify, in some way, with one side of the brain. You may think, for example, that you are more “right brain“ than “left“. When we make such statements, we are referring to the fact tha
18、t the two halves of the human brain deal with information from the senses, and hence the world, in different ways. In general, the left hemisphere is responsible for our processing of language and logic and the right deals with aspects of thought like emotions and spatial relationships. The hemisphe
19、res also control our movements, though the left hemisphere controls the right side of our bodies, and vice versa.The fact that the two hemispheres of the brain work in different ways on different tasks is a relatively new discovery. That discovery was made by a psychobiologist named Roger Sperry and
20、 it won him a Nobel Prize in 1981. Sperry uncovered the inner workings of normal brains by studying the brain function of people who had a certain kind of brain damage. In most brains, the two halves are connected by the corpus callosum, a bundle of millions of nerves, which serves as a “bridge“ of
21、sorts between the two hemispheres, allowing them to communicate with each other. The people Sperry studied had had their corpus callosa cut, and because of this, their left and right brains couldnt exchange information. In a famous experiment, Sperry showed one such subject two pictures. The subject
22、 saw a picture of a knife with his right eye(controlled by the left brain)and a picture of a spoon with his left eye(controlled by the right brain). When asked to name what he saw, the subject said knife, because it is the left brain that deals with language and the naming of things. However, when a
23、sked to reach over with his left hand to a nearby table on which was placed both a knife and a spoon, and choose, without looking, the object he saw, the subject chose the spoon. This is because his left eye(controlled by the right brain)saw the spoon and his left hand(also controlled by the right b
24、rain)chose this rather than the knife. The subject himself was not at all conscious of the fact that he was seeing and choosing two different objects.31 The right hemisphere of the human brain is responsible for_.（A）the right side of the body（B） language（C） emotions（D）touch32 Roger Sperry studied_.（
25、A）the corpus callosum（B） people with abnormal brains（C） people with normal brains（D）the connection between vision and touch33 The corpus callosum_.（A）is only found in abnormal human brains（B） is found between the two hemispheres（C） is part of the left hemisphere（D）is where memory is stored34 Roger S
26、perrys experiment shows that_.（A）one half of the brain processes language and the other processes touch（B） people see differently with each eye（C） the two hemispheres of the brain function in different ways（D）people are not conscious of the left and right halves of their brain35 The subject of the k
27、nife / spoon experiment_.（A）was not aware that he was seeing two images（B） thought the spoon was a knife（C） could not tell the difference between a spoon and a knife（D）was unable to process visual information accurately35 The English are peculiar. Old houses in England, for instance, cost more than
28、new ones. The older the house the greater the charm it is considered to possess. Houses as hundred years old are thought more solid and less ugly than those being built today. Those two hundred years old are still more sought after and their long history lends an air of romance to them. You can imag
29、ine, then, my delight when as student I was offered the chance to rent a cottage that dated from 1661. The very age was attraction enough. Even before I had seen it I wanted it, and when I did see it for the first time its attraction doubled. There it stood, perched on the edge of a hill looking out
30、 over the countryside towards the sea, smoke drifting from its chimney promising a warm log fire within. Peering through the narrow leaded windows I could see that the ceiling still showed its old wooden beams, while the floor was covered in ancient flagstones. To someone born and bred in a modern c
31、ity this country cottage promised escape into a rural idyll, a dream came true. I closed with the farmer who owned this delight without hesitation or haggling.Only later did cold reality begin to take its toll on romantic illusion. Being built in an age innocent of damp-proofing the cottage was cons
32、tantly wet. The view which it purchased from its point on the edge of a high hill it paid for by taking the full force of the wind that bore down on it from the sea. The damp and wind together made constant heating a necessity throughout the year. The only means of heating was the open fire which sp
33、oke to me so promisingly on that first day. On closer acquaintance it did not so much speak as spit in a bad tempered way, shooting burning shards of wood out to ruin the carpet. Among its other quirky habits it would also playfully and unexpectedly suddenly decide to puff large billows of smoke out
34、 into the room, enveloping everyone in fog. To clear this you would have to open the window to get the fire to draw. This would let in an icy blast in the process and the temperature would plunge. As for the tiny windows which looked so picturesque they were so tiny that the inside of the cottage wa
35、s constantly in gloom, while the numerous small panes would rattle throughout the night doing their best to disturb ones sleep. From schooldays I remember hearing as an interesting if inconsequential fact that in past centuries the population were considerably shorter than today but its significance
36、 was brought home to me in no uncertain terms. When bouncing into the cottage on my first day to take possession I promptly knocked myself out by hitting my head on one of the beams. Even after I had to creep about the cottage with head bowed and knees bent. Only if I stood still could I stand strai
37、ght by positioning myself between two beams. And yet.and yet despite all the difficulties I often dream of the cottage and wish I were back. Peculiar.36 How do English people usually think of old houses?（A）They are less expensive than the modern ones.（B） They are more attractive than the modern ones
38、.（C） Their construction is less reliable than the modern ones.（D）They should be given more protection than the modern ones.37 From the description of the house, we can see that_.（A）the house was installed with quite a few windows（B） the ceiling and the floor were covered by ancient wooden materials（
39、C） the house was located on a hill near the sea（D）the heating system of the house was very good38 What did the author think about the house the time he saw it?（A）He wanted earnestly to rent the house from the farmer.（B） He thought the farmer must have the same feeling about the house.（C） He felt his
40、 feeling of the house was similar to the owner hundred years ago.（D）He thought the price of the house was close to what he expected.39 When the author moved in, he_.（A）experienced the romantic sense brought by the ancient house（B） immediately found he was cheated by the owner of the house（C） found h
41、is imagination about the house was completely wrong（D）thought the house an ideal place to escape cold reality of life40 The house needed heating all through the year because of_.（A）its inner system（B） its location（C） its constructive style（D）the peculiar local climate40 Americans often say that ther
42、e are only two things a person can be sure of in life: death and taxes. Americans do not have a corner on the “death“ market, but many people feel that the United States leads the world with the most taxes.Taxes consist of the money which people pay to support their government. There are generally t
43、hree levels of government in the United States: federal, state, and city; therefore, there are three types of taxes.Salaried people who earn more than a few thousand dollars must pay a certain percentage of their salaries to the federal government. The percentage varies from person to person. It dep
44、ends on their salaries. The federal government has a graduated income tax, that is, the percentage of the tax 14 to 70 percent increases as a persons income increases. With the high cost of taxes, people are not very happy on April 15 , when the federal taxes are due.The second tax is for the state
45、government: New York, California, North Dakota, or any of the other forty-seven states. Some states have an income tax similar to that of the federal government. Of course, the percentage for the state tax is lower. Other states have a sales tax, which is a percentage charged to any item which you b
46、uy in that state. For example, a person might want to buy a packet of cigarettes for twenty-five cents. If there is a sales tax of eight percent in that state, then the cost of the cigarettes is twenty-seven cents. This figure includes the sales tax. Some states use income tax in addition to sales t
47、ax to raise their revenues. The state tax laws are diverse and confusing.The third tax is for the city. This tax comes in two forms: property tax(people who own a home have to pay taxes on it)and excise tax, which is charged on cars in a city. The cities use these funds for education, police and fir
48、e departments, public works and municipal buildings.Since Americans pay such high taxes, they often feel that they are working one day each week just to pay their taxes. People always complain about taxes. They often protest that the government uses their tax dollars in the wrong way. They say that
49、it spends too much on useless and impractical programs. Although Americans have different views on many issues, they tend to agree on one subject: Taxes are too high.41 How do you understand the sentence “Americans do not have a corner on the death market?“（A）Americans cannot monopolize this market.（B） Americans do not have a secret place to keep from death in their
