1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷 90 及答案与解析一、Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the
2、center.1 It is the business of the police to prevent and detect crime and of the law courts to punish_.（A）crime（B） sin（C） offence（D）fault2 The _ care of the body requires an understanding of its needs, allowing for variations resulting from climate, age or occupation.（A）proper（B） tender（C） warm（D）mi
3、ld3 Could you _ reasons and examples for your answer?（A）qualify（B） quantify（C） specify（D）satisfy4 Mr. Wright was the _ president of Ace Construction Company.（A）previous（B） before（C） latter（D）former5 Even a child would not be _ by such an obvious lie.（A）cut off（B） made up（C） pulled down（D）taken in6 W
4、ith regarding to this model of color TV sets, the home-made ones are by no means _ those made in Japan.（A）less inferior to（B） less inferior than（C） inferior than（D）inferior to7 _ from the hilltop, the lake scenery is beyond description.（A）To see（B） Seeing（C） Having seen（D）Seen8 This book _ me twenty
5、 dollars.（A）is cost（B） was cost（C） cost（D）have been cost9 _ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.（A）Had it not been（B） Werent it（C） It were not（D）Had not it been10 Dont put off till tomorrow _ you can do today.（A）that（B） what（C） when（D）whether二、Part II Reading Comprehensi
6、onDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.10 Even plants can run a fe
7、ver, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up w
8、ith a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest (害虫) problems.Even better, Paleys Remote Sca
9、nning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running “fevers“. Farmers could
10、 then spot-spray, using 40 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, an
11、d refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States.“ says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Depar
12、tment of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Pale3i finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.11 Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are _.（A）sprayed with pesticides（B） facing an infrared
13、 scanner（C） in poor physical condition（D）exposed to excessive sun rays12 In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to _.（A）estimate the damage to the crops（B） measure the size of the affected area（C） draw a color-coded map（D）locate the problem area13 Farmers can sa
14、ve a considerable amount of pesticide by _.（A）resorting to spot-spraying（B） consulting infrared scanning experts（C） transforming poisoned rain（D）detecting crop problems at an early stage14 The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties:_.（A）the lack of offi
15、cial support（B） its high cost（C） the lack of financial support（D）its failure to help increase production15 Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of _.（A）the desire of farmers to improve the quality of theft produce（B） growing concern about the excessive use of pesti
16、cides on crops（C） the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture（D）full support from agricultural experts15 After a 300 million yuan renovation project, Lidai Diwang Miao, or the Imperial Temple of Emperors of Successive Dynasties, was reopened to the public last weekend.Originally construc
17、ted about 470 years ago, during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, the temple was used by emperors of both the Ming and Qing to offer sacrifices to their ancestors.It underwent two periods of renovation in the Qing Dynasty, during the reigns of emperors Yongzheng and Qianlong. From 19
18、29 until early 2000, it was part of Beijing No.159 Middle School.The temples Jingdechongsheng Hall contains stone tablets memorializing 188 Chinese emperors. The Jinzhuan bricks used to pave the floor, the same as those used in the Forbidden City, are finely textured and golden-yellow in color. Acco
19、rding to Xi Wei, an official from the Xicheng District government present at the reopening of the temple, Jinzhuan bricks were made in Yuyao, Suzhou, specially for imperial use.The renovation was done strictly according to that carried out at the orders of Emperor Qianlong, and only those sections o
20、f the temple too damaged to repair have been replaced.16 What does the verb form of the word “renovation“ mean in Paragraph 1?（A）Reform.（B） Rearrange.（C） Retreat.（D）Restore.17 Which of the following statements is TRUE?（A）The temple is still not reopened yet to the public.（B） The Jinzhuan bricks were
21、 made in Hangzhou for imperial use.（C） The Jinzhuan bricks used to pave the wall in the temple.（D）The temple was at first constructed 470 years ago.18 How long has Lidai Diwang Miao been in part of a middle school in Beijing?（A）470years.（B） 159years.（C） 71years.（D）188years.19 What can we infer from
22、the passage?（A）The temple has a long history.（B） The renovation of the temple was easy with modern technology.（C） The bricks in the temple are not so valuable as those in the Forbidden city.（D）The renovation was done according to the orders of Emperor Qianlong.20 Which of the following is NOT true a
23、ccording to the author?（A）The renovation project cost 300 million yuan.（B） The temple was once a part of Beijing No.159 Middle School.（C） Those parts of the temple too destroyed to repair are still there.（D）The temple was built about 470 years ago.20 For centuries, explorers have risked their lives
24、venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired wh
25、en it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show off technological muscle during the cold war.Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going wh
26、ere no scientists had gone before.Today Mars looms (隐约出现 ) as humanitys next great terra incognita (未探明之地). And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is
27、 clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planets reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a c
28、ouple of others: are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space?With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether l
29、ife ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite (陨石) from Mars. A more conc
30、lusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide th
31、e first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.21 According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was _.（A）to display their countrys military might（B） to accomplish some significant scie
32、nce（C） to find new areas for colonization（D）to pursue commercial and state interests22 At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is _.（A）international cooperation（B） nationalistic reasons（C） scientific research（D）long-term profits23 What is the main goal
33、of sending human missions to Mars?（A）To find out if life ever existed there.（B） To see if humans could survive there.（C） To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.（D）To show the leading role of science in space exploration.24 By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably highe
34、r than they have ever been“ (Line 1, Para. 4), the author means that _.（A）with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space ventures（B） in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very high（C） in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than eve
35、r before（D）with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue25 The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would _.（A）make clear the complex chemistry in the development of life（B） confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteor（C） reveal
36、the kind of conditions under which life originates（D）provide an explanation why life is common in the universe25 While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least in getting people off welfare. Its estimated that more than 2 million peop
37、le have left the rolls since 1994.In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percenttwice
38、the national average.For advocates (代言人) for the poor, thats an indication much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs, but its not making their lives any better,“ says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.A center analysis of U.S. Ce
39、nsus data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well witho
40、ut government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,“ says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. Its beginning to rebuild the work eth
41、ic (道德观), which is much more important.“Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked“, then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.26 From the passage, it can be seen that the author _.（A）believes the reform has reduced the governm
42、ents burden（B） insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor（C） is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform（D）considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful27 Why arent people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?（A）Because many families are divorced.（B） Bec
43、ause government aid is now rare.（C） Because their wages are low.（D）Because the cost of living is rising.28 What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _.（A）greater efforts should be made to improve peoples living standards（B） 70 percent of the people there have been employed for t
44、wo years（C） 40 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare（D）the living standards of most people are going down29 From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _.（A）saving welfare funds（B） rebuilding the work ethic（C） providing more jobs（D）cutting government expenses30 According to
45、the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, _.（A）the poverty rate was lower（B） average living standards were higher（C） the average worker was paid higher wages（D）the poor used to rely on government aid三、Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each num
46、bered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.30 A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supplyall these were important factors, in helping England to become
47、 the center for the Industrial Revolution.【31】they were not enough. Something else was needed to start the industrial process. That “something special“ was men【32】individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who【33】
48、the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were【34】inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research【35】. He is not necessarily working so that his findings can be used. An inventor or o
49、ne interested in applied science is【36】trying to make something that has a concrete idea. He may try to solve a problem by using the theories【37】science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of【38】other objectives.Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inve
