1、考研英语(语法)模拟试卷 14 及答案与解析Grammar1 He resented_to wait. He expected the minister_him at once.(A)to be asked, to see(B) being asked, to see(C) to be asked, seeing(D)being asked, seeing2 If the building project_by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.(A)being completed(
2、B) is completed(C) to be completed(D)completed3 This is one of the questions_at the meeting next week.(A)discussed(B) discussing(C) to be discussed(D)being discussed4 _, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.(A)Other thin
3、gs being equal(B) Were other things equal(C) To be equal to other things(D)Other things to be equal5 They are going to have the serviceman_ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.(A)install(B) to install(C) to be installed(D)installed6 Since both he and I work in the same hospital, I can hardly avoi
4、d_him.(A)being met(B) meeting(C) to be met(D)to meet7 What a lovely party! Its worth_all my life.(A)remembering(B) to remember(C) to be remembered(D)being remembered8 Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when_alone.(A)seen(B) is seen(C) to be seen(D)having been seen9 Although
5、 a teenager, Fred could resist_what to do and what not to do.(A)being told(B) telling(C) to be told(D)to tell10 A Dream of the Red Chamber is said_into dozens of languages in the last decade.(A)to have been translated(B) to translate(C) to be translated(D)to have translated11 The letter seemed_ by a
6、 child.(A)to have written(B) to write(C) to be writing(D)to have been written12 As_announced in todays papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sunday.(A)being(B) is(C) to be(D)been13 We left the meeting, there obviously_no point in staying.(A)were(B) being(C) to be(D)having14 Hi
7、s extravagance reduced him_for his living.(A)to beg(B) from begging(C) to begging(D)into begging15 The mother didnt know who_for the broken glass.(A)blamed(B) be blamed(C) to blame(D)would blame16 When I caught him_, I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.(A)cheating(B)
8、cheat(C) to cheat(D)to be cheating17 There is more land in Australia than the government knows_.(A)what to do with(B) how to do(C) to do with it(D)to do it18 Can you have your report_tomorrow?(A)finish(B) finished(C) to finish(D)finishing19 Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper_it clos
9、ely.(A)followed(B) following(C) to follow(D)being followed20 I dont like_ bills, but when I do get them I like_them promptly.(A)to get, paying(B) getting, to pay(C) to get, to pay(D)getting, paying21 Because of the unexpected changes, they postponed_us an answer.(A)giving(B) have given(C) to give(D)
10、to have given22 Young people often feel an urge to try_before the age set by law.(A)a smoking(B) smoke(C) to smoke(D)smoking23 As a public relations officer, he is said_ some very influential people.(A)to know(B) to be knowing(C) to have been knowing(D)to have known24 If I had remembered_the window,
11、 the thief would not have got in.(A)to close(B) closing(C) to have closed(D)having closed25 If you want_, you have to get the fund somewhere.(A)that the job is done(B) the job done(C) to have done the job(D)the job that is done26 Mr. Johnson preferred_ heavier work to do.(A)to be given(B) to be givi
12、ng(C) to have given(D)having given27 Id rather read than watch television; the programs seem_ all the time.(A)to get worse(B) to be getting worse(C) to have got worse(D)getting worse28 As early as 1647, Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town_50 househ
13、olds or more.(A)having(B) to have(C) to have had(D)having had29 There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone_me that evening.(A)had interrupted(B) would have interrupted(C) to have interrupted(D)to interrupt30 Im sorry_you waiting.(A)to keep(B) to be keeping(C) to have kept(D)to hav
14、e been keeping31 Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_ trouble.(A)making(B) to make(C) to have made(D)having made32 I have heard both teachers and students_well of him.(A)to speak(B) spoken(C) to have spoken(D)speak33 I have no objection_your story again.(A)to
15、 hear(B) to hearing(C) to having heard(D)to have heard34 Mrs. Brown is supposed_for Italy last week.(A)to have left(B) to be leaving(C) to leave(D)to have been left35 I object_as he is still too young.(A)my son to smoke(B) my son smoking(C) to my son to smoke(D)to my sons smoking36 He appeared_with
16、our teams performance.(A)satisfying(B) to be satisfying(C) to satisfy(D)satisfied37 The teacher doesnt permit_ in class.(A)smoke(B) smoking(C) to smoke(D)to have a smoke38 _for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.(A)Had it not been(B) It were not(C) Werent it(D)Had not it be
17、en39 You should practise_ English as much as possible.(A)speak(B) speaking(C) to speak(D)being spoken40 After supper, he asked her if she felt like_a walk.(A)take(B) taking(C) to take(D)have taken考研英语(语法)模拟试卷 14 答案与解析Grammar1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 resent 意为“憎恶,憎恨”,后跟非谓语动词时,要使用动名词,例如:Our cat resents having
18、anyone sit in its chair我们那只猫不喜欢任何人坐它的椅子。expect sbto dosth作“期待某人做某事”讲,例如:The officer expected his men to do their duty in thecoming battle军官要求部下在即将到来的战斗中尽职尽责。【知识模块】 语法2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 complete 的非谓语动词与 the building project 是逻辑动宾关系,因此这里要使用被动语态或过去分词。根据句子结构,我们可以看出 be completed是一个将来的动作,因此,这里要使用不定式。例如:The
19、interests to be considered should be the interests of all;the fame to be sought should be an everlasting fame计利当计天下利,求名应求万世名。 Merits and demerits to be recorded in history hinge on the decision made in one moment千秋功罪,系于一念之间。【知识模块】 语法3 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 过去分词 discussed 表示动作的完成,与下文的 next week 矛盾,故 A 错误。不定
20、式可表示将来,而且此处 discuss 和 questions 具有逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,因此 C 最合题意。D 虽是被动语态,但现在分词的被动式表示这一被动动作正在进行,与 next week 不符,故 D 错误。【知识模块】 语法4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从句子结构可以看出,本句的前面部分是表示条件的状语,other things being equal 是一个分词独立结构,可以作条件状语,例如:Other things being equal,a shorter statement is preferred其他条件相同的情况下,优先选用较短的陈述。除在极个别的情况下,分
21、词做状语时,应与句子的主语存在一定的逻辑关系(主谓或动宾关系),否则该分词就应该有自己的逻辑主语或逻辑宾语来构成“名词或代词+分词”结构,即独立分词结构,独立分词结构一般可置于句首,也可置于句末;用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等,例如:The experiment being over,the students began their discussion做完实验,学生们开始讨论。Silver is the best conductor,copper following behind银是最好的导体,铜次之。Were other things equal 是虚拟语气条件从句,而后面的句
22、子是陈述语气,To beequal to other things 是不定式,可以作目的状语,但不能作条件状语,Other things to beequal 这样的结构不存在,因此,正确答案是 A。【知识模块】 语法5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 在作feel,listen,hear,have,make,let,watch ,see ,notice ,observe ,look 等感官动词以及使役动词的宾语补足语时,不定式的符号 to 必须省略;在作 help 的宾语补足语时,不定式的符号 to 可以省略,也可不省略,例如:The children were surprised when
23、theteacher had them close their books unexpectedly老师突然让他们把书都合上,孩子们感到很惊讶。We can make the liquid nitrogen turn back into gas我们能使液体氮重新变成气体。【知识模块】 语法6 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 avoid 作“避免”讲,后面不能跟动词不定式,只能跟名词或动名词做宾语,故 C 和 D 错误。又由于句子主语 I 和动词 meet 在逻辑上是主谓关系,故应使用主动形式的动名词,因此 B 是正确的。【知识模块】 语法7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 worth 后面可以接动
24、名词,需要注意的是:该动名词须用主动形式来表示被动含义,例如:An aim in life is the only fortune worth finding人生的目标,是唯一值得寻找的财富。True wisdom is to know what is best worth knowing,and to do what is best worth doing真正的智慧是知道什么是最值得知道的事情和什么是最值得做的事情。【知识模块】 语法8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 当从句主语和主句主语相同,而且从句谓语动词是 be 的形式时,可以将从句主语和 be 的形式省略。例如:Every one i
25、s blind when maddened by love一旦被爱情冲昏头脑,人便盲目无主。The tree of liberty grows only when watered by the blood of tyrants自由之树只有用暴君的血来浇灌才能生长。【知识模块】 语法9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 resist 后可跟动名词,而不跟不定式做宾语。由于非谓语动词 tell和句子主语的逻辑动宾关系,因此 A 正确。例如: One cannot help being old,but one can resist being aged人无法不老,但是可以抵制衰老。 I cannot r
26、esist,going up with this every night,and trying hisdoor我禁不住每天晚上带着这个东西上楼,去敲他的门。【知识模块】 语法10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本题旨在考查不定式的时态和语态。不定式的完成时表示不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生,例如:He is said to have written a new book about workers据说他又写了一本关于工人的书。当不定式的逻辑主语为该不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动语态,例如:It is an honor for me to be asked to make a
27、 speech here我很荣幸应邀在这里演讲。根据句意我们知道,本句中的不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生,又因为句子的主语与该不定式具有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以应用不定式完成式的被动语态,故 A 正确。C 的时态不符合题意,D 忽略了主语和不定式之间的逻辑关系,而 B 既不符合时态,又忽略了主语和不定式之间的逻辑关系。由此可见,B、C 和 D 都不是正确答案。【知识模块】 语法11 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据句子结构,此处应用不定式的被动式,由于该不定式与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系,因此应使用被动语态,故 D 为唯一正确答案。【知识模块】 语法12 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 as
28、可用作关系代词,引导定语从句,起承接前面主句内容或引出后续主句内容的作用,as 在从句中做主语或宾语,指代整个主句,例如: As is announced in the papers,our country has successfully launched another communications satellite报上报道,我国又成功发射了一颗通信卫星。As is known to all, contributions to computer technology are no longer confined to any one country众所周知,对计算机技术作出贡献的,已经不
29、再局限于某一个国家了。有时,助动词 be 可以省略,例如:As discussed in the previous chapter,communicative teaching of English is of great value 正如前一章所讨论的,英语交际教学法很有价值。由此分析可以看出,只有 B 最符合题意。【知识模块】 语法13 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 “there+being+名词”是一个独立分词结构,可以做状语,需要注意的是,此时 being 不可省略。例如:There being no work ,they decided to go to the movies由于无事
30、可做,他们决定去看电影。There being no bus,they had to set out on foot由于没有公共汽车,他们只好步行前往。【知识模块】 语法14 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 reduce sb to 是固定搭配,其中 to 为介词,后跟动名词,意为“使某人陷入困境”,例如:Misfortunes reduced the poor peasant to selling his daughter to the landlord接连不断的不幸迫使那个可怜的农民把女儿卖给地主。【知识模块】 语法15 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 “疑问词+不定式”在句中做宾语。例如:I
31、t does not take much strength to dothings,but it requires great strength to decide on what to do做事并不太费劲,可是决定做什么却要费很大的劲。The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook智慧的艺术就是懂得该宽容什么。【知识模块】 语法16 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 catch 作“ 当场破获,发觉,撞见( 某人)做某事(尤指坏事)”讲时,后面常接“名词代词+现在分词”,例如:I caught the boys steal
32、ing apples from my garden我撞见那些孩子们偷我园中的苹果。You wont catch me doing that again!我再也不会干那种事了。因此,A 为正确答案。【知识模块】 语法17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 该题旨在考查动词 know 和短语动词 do with 的用法。我们知道动词 know 后面既不能接动名词,也不能接不定式做宾语,所以 C 和 D 皆不是正确答案。但动词 know 后面可以接“疑问词+不定式”的结构,例如:Nobody knows how to operate the new machine没有人知道怎样操作这台新机器。He do
33、esnt know what to say before the VIP他不知道在那位大人物面前该说些什么。do withdeal with 意为“处理,对付 ”,例如:What did youdo with yourself last Sunday?上个星期天你是怎么度过的?The children didnt know what todo with themselves for joy孩子们高兴得无法控制自己。由此可见,A 正确而 B 错误。【知识模块】 语法18 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 have 后面可跟“宾语+不带 to 的动词不定式 ”或“宾语+ing” 或“宾语+过去分词”,
34、例如:I had him fill out a form。我叫他填了一张表。在本句中不带 to的动词不定式作宾补。又如:He had us laughing all through the meal他使我们在吃饭的过程中自始至终笑个不停。在这里现在分词作宾补。再如:I really must have my watchrepaired我真得把表拿去修了。本句中过去分词作宾补。因为finish 的非谓语动词形式与宾语 report 具有逻辑上的动宾关系,因此应用 have sthdone 结构,所以 A、C 和 D 错误,而只有 B 正确。【知识模块】 语法19 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 该
35、题旨在考查非谓语动词中的独立分词结构。一般情况下,分词做状语时,应与句子的主语存在一定的逻辑关系(主谓或动宾关系),否则分词就须有自己的主语或逻辑宾语来构成“名词或代词+分词”的独立分词结构,用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等,例如:The experiment being over,the students began their discussion做完实验后,学生们开始讨论。Nobody having any more to say,the meeting was closed大家都没有什么可说的了,会议也就结束了。由此可见,B 是最佳选择。英语语法要求在同一个句号前,不允许存在
36、两个既不是并列关系,也不是从属关系的句子,故 A 不正确。“ 名词+不定式”虽然也是一种复合结构,但它表示将来,例如:Here are the first two volumes,the third one to come out next month这儿是头两卷,第三卷下月出版。可见 C 也不正确。D 是分词的被动语态,不符合题意。【知识模块】 语法20 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 有些动词如:begin,continue,hate,like,love,prefer,propose ,start 等后既可以跟动名词也可以跟不定式,差别不大。但是在强调动作是具体的某一次时,like,love
37、,hate,prefer 等词后一般使用不定式;而表示一般经常性的动作时,一般要用动名词。例如:As I lie in bed ,I like to imagine that I am in a spaceship当我躺在床上时,我喜欢想象自己正在宇宙飞船上。I like living in the city,especially in winter我喜欢住在城市,尤其是在冬天。【知识模块】 语法21 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 postpone 意为“延缓,耽搁”。后接动名词做宾语,例如:The company postponedsending an answer to the reque
38、st该公司没有及时答复这一请求。由此可见 A 是正确答案。【知识模块】 语法22 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 try 后面既可接动名词,也可接带 to 的动词不定式,但意义有差别。接不定式时,表示“试图做某事,尽力做某事”,例如:The prisoner tried to escape without being no-ticed囚犯企图趁人不注意时逃跑。而接动名词时表示“试着做某事”,例如:I triedstanding on my head but it gave me a headache我试着倒立,但这使我很头疼。由此可见,此处应选 D。【知识模块】 语法23 【正确答案】 A【试题
39、解析】 从句子结构我们可以看出,这里的不定式做主语 he 的补足语。另外,我们还可以看出不定式所表示的动作和主句动作没有严格的时态意义上的差别,因此选择 A。例如:If money be not your servantit will be your masterThe covetous man cannot so properlybe said to possess wealth,as that may be said to possess him如果金钱不是你的奴仆,它将成为你的主人。一个贪婪的人,与其说他拥有财富,不如说财富拥有他。【知识模块】 语法24 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 r
40、emember 后可接动名词或动词不定式,但意义不同。后接动名词时表示该动名词所表示的动作已经发生,例如:I remember seeing her once somewhere我记得在哪里见过她。后面接不定式时表示该不定式所表示的动作尚未发生。例如:I must remember totake my notebooks with me我必须记着带笔记本。根据题意我们可以看出,本句中非谓语动词所表示的动作没有发生,因此正确答案是 A。选项 C 虽也是不定式,但不定式的完成时表示该动作在谓语动词的动作以前发生,例如:He is said to have written a newbook abo
41、ut workers据说他又写了一本关于工人的书。显然 C 不合题意。【知识模块】 语法25 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 want sth done 意为“希望,想要(把某事做好)”,例如:The teacher wanted the papers handed in at the end of the term老师希望论文在学期末交上。Do you want this boxopened?你想打开这个箱子吗?由此可见,B 符合题意,为正确答案。want 后面一般不接宾语从句,故 A 错误。不定式的完成时表示该不定式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,因此 C 用在此处不合题意。D
42、中含有一个定语从句,用在此处也不合题意。【知识模块】 语法26 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 动词 prefer 后面接名词、动名词或动词不定式,表示“宁可,更喜欢”,例如:I prefer a simple life 我更喜欢俭朴的生活。I prefer walking to cycling与骑车相比,我更喜欢步行。He prefers to write his letters rather than dictate them他宁可自己动手写信,也不愿口授。由此我们可以看出,prefer 后面的动名词或动词不定式的所表示的动作与句子主语是逻辑动宾关系,所以 give应使用被动语态,故 A 是
43、正确答案。【知识模块】 语法27 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 seem 后面不能接动词的-ing 形式,故 D 应排除。又因为 all the time 意为“始终,一直”,常和进行时连用,例如:He seems to be helping us all the time without ourknowledge他好像一直在暗中帮助我们。 Conditions are changing all the time情况在不断地变化着。可见,只有 B 符合题意。【知识模块】 语法28 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 正确答案为 A,在这里 having 50 households or more 作
44、定语修饰every town。由于此处不强调 have 的非谓语动词所表示的动作和谓语动词establish 所表示的动作哪个先哪个后,因此其他三个选项错误。【知识模块】 语法29 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 句型“This is the first second,etctime+(that)+ 主语+ 完成式”表示“已经发生的动作”,例如:It is the first time that the painting has been displayed to the public这幅画首次向公众展出。This is the second time(that)Ive seen him这是我第
45、二次见到他。I tooka walk in the street yesterday and saw MikeIt was the second time(that)I had met him昨天我在街上散步时看到了迈克,这是我第二次见到他。由此可见 A 是正确答案,而 B 错误。句型“Its time to do sth”表示“是该做某事的时候了”,例如:Its time to buy a newcar到该买新车的时候了。在需要指出动作的发出者,即动作的逻辑主语时,我们就必须借助于不定式的复合结构“for sbto do sth”,例如:It is time for you to get a
46、 wife andsettle down你该找个妻子安个家了。 Its time for you to go to bed到你该上床睡觉的时候了。在“it is time(for sb )to do sth”中,不定式所表示的动作都是将来要发生的动作,因此不能使用完成时的不定式,所以 C 错误。【知识模块】 语法30 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 在这里,该不定式用在形容词表语后面做状语,说明产生这种情绪的原因,即因为使你久等我才感到抱歉。根据题意,不定式所表示的动作已经完成,故可以排除 A 和 B。keep 意为“使(人或物)保持某种状态”,不宜用进行时态,故D 也可排除。C 相当于 I a
47、m sorry I have kept you waiting所以 C 为正确答案。【知识模块】 语法31 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 mean 作“意欲,打算(intend)”讲时,后接动词不定式或复合宾语,例如:I meanto accomplish the task,one way or another不管怎样,我决意要完成这一任务。Do youmean him to read the letter ,too?你是否有意让他也看看这封信?mean 后接名词或动名词时,意为“意味着(be a sign of)” 。例如:This new frontier incident probabl
48、y meanswar这一新的边境事件可能导致战争。 These new orders for our manufactures will meanworking overtime这些产品的新订单意味着我们要加班加点了。根据题意,B 是正确答案。C 是不定式的完成时,表示本打算做而实际未做的事情,故不符合题意。【知识模块】 语法32 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 需要注意的是,在不定式作feel,listen,hear,have,make,let,watch ,see ,notice ,observe ,look 等感官动词的宾语的补足语时,不定式的符号 to 必须省略。例如:Thechildren were surprised when the teacher had them close their books unexpectedly老师突然让他们把书都合上,孩子们感到很惊奇。We can make the liquid nitrogen turn back into agas我们能使液氮重新变成气体。They felt the atmosphere become increasingly tense他们感到气氛变得越来越紧张。【知识模块】 语法33 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 have objection to 作“反对”讲,其中 to 是介词,后可跟名词