1、考研英语模拟试卷 14及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 During recent years we have heard much about “race“: how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so
2、on. Yet, the (1)_ phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications. We judge race usually (2)_ the coloring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But (3)_ you were to remove the skin you could not (4)_ anything about the race to which the individual belonge
3、d. There is (5)_ in physical structure, the brain or the internal organs to (6)_ a difference. There are four types of blood. (7)_ types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the (8)_. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the ind
4、ividual belonged. Brains win (9)_ in size, but this occurs within every race. (10)_ does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain (11)_ examined belonged to a person of weak (12)_. On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had (13)_ brains. Mental tests which
5、 are reasonably (14)_ show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race. (15)_ equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location. Individu
6、als of every race (16)_ civilization to go backward or forward. Training and education can change the response of groups of people, (17)_ enable them to behave in a (18)_ way. The behavior and ideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go back or go on to something new (
7、19)_ is better and higher than anything (20)_ the past. （ A） complete （ B） full （ C） total （ D） whole （ A） in （ B） from （ C） at （ D） on （ A） since （ B） if （ C） as （ D） while （ A） speak （ B） talk （ C） tell （ D） mention （ A） something （ B） everything （ C） nothing （ D） anything （ A） display （ B） indica
8、te （ C） demonstrate （ D） appear （ A） All （ B） Most （ C） No （ D） Same （ A） same （ B） identical （ C） similar （ D） alike （ A） remain （ B） increase （ C） decrease （ D） vary （ A） Only （ B） Or （ C） Nor （ D） So （ A） ever （ B） then （ C） never （ D） once （ A） health （ B） body （ C） mind （ D） thought. （ A） big （
9、 B） small （ C） minor （ D） major （ A） true （ B） exact （ C） certain （ D） accurate （ A） Provided （ B） Concerning （ C） Given （ D） Following （ A） make （ B） cause （ C） move （ D） turn （ A） and （ B） but （ C） though （ D） so （ A） ordinary （ B） peculiar （ C） usual （ D） common （ A） that （ B） what （ C） whichever
10、 （ D） whatever （ A） for （ B） to （ C） within （ D） in Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 Britain no longer dominates Anglophone education. Students want more, and the old empire is happy to give it to them. A
11、good name and a British campus are no longer enough to pull in high-paying overseas recruits. The competition within the world of English-language higher education is growing increasingly intense. Todays international students dont automatically head to the United States or the United Kingdom; they
12、consider a slew of factors before making their pick. Already, Britain is starting to suffer as it finds itself in a fierce three-way contest for market share. On the one hand, U.S. colleges are recovering fast in overseas recruitment. On the other, a batch of commonwealth countries is coming on stro
13、ng and eating into Britains market share. Consider Singapore, which four years ago set out to lure branches of foreign colleges. The number of overseas students there has since climbed 46 percent. And in the first three years of the decade, the number of foreign students in New Zealand almost quadru
14、pled. Then theres Australia. Foreigners now make up about a quarter of its entire student body. Australia shows that the secret to success often has as much to do with government policy as with academic philosophy. Lavish grants can offset the Brits and the Americans edge in prestige. Foreign studen
15、ts at state-run schools in Singapore now get an 80 percent discount. An engineering degree that costs about $30,000 a year at Harvard runs just $2,000 at the University of Malaya, thanks to heavy subsidies. The biggest factor today seems to be the prospect of employment. A degree from an Australian
16、university now puts graduates on the fast track to permanent residency. And London offers an automatic 12-month work permit to most overseas recruits. But Britain cant do anything about its location. Why go all the way to the United Kingdom or to the United States when theres now a good English- lan
17、guage college just a few hours flight from Shanghai or Mumbai? But few countries can match Australias main selling point. Its sunny outdoors image works strongly to its advantage among international students. Yet no country can afford to throw in the towel. Cuts in government spending have forced co
18、lleges to look elsewhere for money. Overseas recruits have thus become an increasingly critical source of cash: in Britain the average university now looks to foreign students to provide at least 10 percent of its income. Other trends could soon make things even more desperate. Today China is one of
19、 the biggest sources of traveling students. But for how much longer? The country is now busy developing its own elite institution and ordinary colleges. If this trend continues, the developed world is going to lose its largest client. The scramble for business in the Anglo world is already ferocious
20、(激烈的 ), while the market is expanding. Just wait till it starts to contract. 21 We can infer from the text that students can receive Anglophone education in _ （ A） France. （ B） Canada. （ C） Cambodia. （ D） India. 22 Which of the following is true of the text? （ A） Singapore now has 46% of its student
21、s from abroad after attracting foreign college branches. （ B） At the beginning of this decade, overseas students in New Zealand are 4 times as many as before. （ C） Foreign students at state-run schools in Australia now get an 80% discount. （ D） An engineering degree costs more than 10 times in Ameri
22、ca than in Singapore. 23 According to the text, “no country can afford to throw in the towel“ probably means _. （ A） No country can admit to be defeated by Australia. （ B） No country has the resources to beat Australia. （ C） No country can imitate Australias outdoor image. （ D） No country has the sa
23、me advantages with Australia. 24 Britain is happy to give the students what they want mainly because _. （ A） They consider foreign students as a major source of money. （ B） They are facing fierce competitions from many other countries. （ C） Students consider many factors when choosing an internation
24、al university. （ D） British universities are gradually losing its once-proud prestige. 25 According to the last paragraph, which of the statement is true? （ A） China will one day be a strong rival for Britain in the foreign student market. （ B） Chinas own development of elite institutions and colleg
25、es is a blessing for Britain. （ C） Britain and U.S. will lose their largest client as Chinas higher education develops. （ D） Overseas students in China form a major part of international students. 26 The view from the top of the luxurious Morgan Centre down onto Beijings Olympic Green is breath-taki
26、ng, There, far below, lies the stunning“ bird nest“ Olympic Stadium. Right next to it is the equally mesmerizing National Aquatics Center, known as the Water Cube. The Aquatics Center poses one critical question: where will all the water to fill this bold but massive architectural masterpiece“ and t
27、o supply the Games“ come from? One can drive a hundred miles in any direction from Beijing and never cross a healthy river. Heading north to Shanxi province, one passes river after river that has dried up. And in 80 percent of those Shanxi rivers that are still flowing, water quality is“ unfit for h
28、uman contact“ or for agricultural or industrial use. As you drive south across Hebei and Henan provinces, the situation is no better. Reaching the famed Marco Polo Bridge over the Yongding River, we crossed our first parched(干裂的 ) riverbed. From there to the Yellow River, we traversed many legendary
29、 rivers that show as blue lines on the map; all of them are now almost bone dry. All that remains to memorialize these watercourses are highway bridges, left behind like vestigial organs. The Yellow River itself, once known as“ Chinas Sorrow“ because of its natural tendency to flood, killing million
30、s, has in Henan been reduced to a modest-size channel. At its lower reaches in Shandong, it is not uncommon for the river to cease flowing into the Bohai Sea altogether. What is the answer for the 250 million thirsty people who live on the North China Plain? Drought has forced farmers to turn to gro
31、undwater. But over extraction has caused water tables to fall by as much as 10 feet a year. Desperate officials have taken to making substantial investments in“ precipitation-inducement(引导水分凝结 ) technologies“, or cloud seeding. Using aircraft, meteorological balloons and even rockets and artillery s
32、hells, theyve been attempting to shoot passing clouds full of rainmaking chemicals. The China Meteorological Administration reports that hundreds of aircraft and thousands of rockets and shells are used each year in the effort. Such campaigns have been only modestly successful and have created tensi
33、ons between different localities, each claiming that clouds are being“ intercepted“ upwind by the other and their precious moisture stolen! Then there is the monumental South-North Water Transfer Project. But some environmentalists fear that shifting the increasingly polluted water of the Yangtze no
34、rthward will also introduce a whole host of new toxic pollutants to the breadbasket of China. No one knows what the consequences of all these Promethean(独创的 ) efforts will be. In the truly magnificent facilities being built for the Olympics, one can see a dear manifestation of this understandable ur
35、ge to restore Chinese greatness. The question is whether Chinas limited natural-resource base can sustain the magnitude of such an ambition. With water, the country is confronting the edge of one very inflexible environmental envelope. Beijings glorious Water Cube is a symbol both of Chinas remarkab
36、le accomplishments, and its all-too-pressing limits. 26 By saying“ One can drive a hundred miles in any direction from Beijing and never cross a healthy river“ (Line 1, Paragraph 2), the author implies that _. （ A） for quite a large area surrounding Beijing, there is no healthy river in any directio
37、n from it. （ B） Beijing lacks of water supply as most rivers in nearby provinces are either dried or polluted. （ C） to find a healthy river near Beijing, one needs to drive beyond a hundred miles from it. （ D） within a hundred miles of Beijing, all the rivers are polluted by the wastes from the capi
38、tal. 27 The phrase“ vestigial organs“ (Line 8, Paragraph 2) refers to _. （ A） traffic infrastructures. （ B） highway bridges. （ C） the dried legendary rivers. （ D） the Yellow River. 28 According to the text, the best way to relieve the drought of the northern area is _. （ A） to transfer water from so
39、uth to north. （ B） to build a water cube in Beijing. （ C） to pump underground water. （ D） to develop rainmaking technology. 29 We can infer from the last paragraph that _ （ A） the author wants to discuss the possible consequences of the great projects. （ B） Beijings glorious Water Cube symbolizes Ch
40、inas remarkable accomplishments. （ C） china is facing an environmental crisis when it carries out large constructions. （ D） chinas environment is not sound enough to sustain these great projects. 30 Which of the following is true according to the text? （ A） The Yellow River stops flowing in Henan an
41、d Shandong provinces. （ B） The use of precipitation4nducement technologies is a great success. （ C） Beijings glorious Water Cube will restore Chinas greatness. （ D） The South-North Water Transfer Project will encounter difficulties. 31 In a new list of the most powerful gay men and women in the coun
42、try, out magazine has lots of household names at the top. But high among the rich and famous is Tim Gill. Huh? Who is he, and why is he ranked as the fourth most powerful gay person in the country? Gill is a 53-year-old snowboarder, retired computer programmer and multimillionaire. He made his fortu
43、ne by founding Quark, the pioneering desktop publishing software company. After selling the firm, he started the Gill Foundation, which has invested $110 million nationwide in gay causes over the past decade. The Gill Action Fund threw $15 million into a dozen states during the 2006 midterm election
44、s, targeting 70 politicians regarded as unhelpful to gay causes: 50 went down. And the fund is helping transform the political face of Colorado. In 2004, Gills money helped send Democrat Ken Salazar to the U.S. Senate. His dollars have also helped put Democrats in control of the Colorado legislature
45、 for the fast time in four decades. That could have an impact on the fate of the Two Parent Adoption Bill, currently being considered by Colorado legislators, which would allow gay couples to adopt. The proposal was rejected twice before, but that was before the statehouse switched from red to blue.
46、 Now Colorado Democrats have passed the bill in the House and expect it to pass the Senate. Impatient with the lack of gay rights progress this past decade, Gill is pushing hard to end injustice and inequality by the end of the next decade. And recognizing that most anti-gay initiatives are born at
47、the state level, Gill has developed a national political strategy based on successes in Colorado. Theyve taken an in-state model and applied it to the entire country. Gill and his people are incredibly strategic. They put their funding where they can take control of legislatures. Theyre putting them
48、 brilliantly in legislative environments where a few seats changing will change the entire control of a state. While Gill has recently opened a Washington office, his representatives, in keeping with past strategy, insist that no individual political targets have yet been chosen for 2008. Another fo
49、rmidable element of Gills power is his network of deep-pocketed allies in the mountain states. An hour south of Laramie, in Ft. Collins, lives medical equipment heiress Pat Stryker, who is, along with Gill (Actually Stryker is a billionaire; her brother Jon is gay and both give generously to gay causes.) What he has are extremely wealthy individuals who arent personally interested in running for anything but have this tremendous passion. Tim
