1、英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编 101 及答案与解析汉译英1 2010 年 12 月，为了向年轻一代普及航天科学教育，海南省开始在文昌市建设航天主题公园。公园占地 1800 亩，紧邻文昌卫星发射中心。工程预计花费 30 亿元，在 2013 年完工。这个航天主题公园将分四个展览区，包括地球、月球、火星和太阳。游客甚至可以进入发射台，实地观看火箭发射。2 1957 年 10 月苏联成功发射第一颗人造卫星，揭开了人类历史由地球迈向太空的第一页。此后短短半个世纪里，人类的外空探索活动突飞猛进，取得了辉煌的成就。人类不仅成功登陆月球，而且还将研究的触手伸向火星等更为遥远的星球。截止到 2006 年底，环绕
2、地球飞行的各类人造物体，包括人造卫星、航天飞机、国际空间站、空间实验室等接近 6000 个。3 博鳌论坛的经历给了刘晓宁不小的打击，生活上的拮据让她开始反思自己做公务员两年多的经历。都说公务员舒服，但刘晓宁每天的工作时间都在 10 小时以上，加班到晚上八九点钟，是很正常的事。如果有活动，赶工到夜里 12 点，也是家常便饭。4 我国人口老龄化对经济增长的潜在影响理论研究认为，老龄化会减少劳动力供给，降低社会储蓄率，导致产出和资本形成能力下降，最终影响经济增长。同时，发达国家的实际表明，随着人口老龄化，养老费用及人均医疗费用均会大幅上升，加重政府财政负担。与发达国家“ 富老同步”或者“先富后老”相
3、比，我国人均收入水平仍然较低，属于明显的“未富先老 ”，对经济增长的影响日益明显。一是未来劳动力供给减少和成本上升，将不利于企业尤其是劳动密集型企业发展。二是老年抚养比率上升将影响居民储蓄数量和储蓄倾向，并通过降低企业利润间接影响企业储蓄行为。储蓄下降将减少投资资金来源，并影响资金价格。三是加重财政支出负担。与发达国家相比，我国社会保障水平较低，养老保险和医疗保险面临资金紧张、覆盖面窄等问题，许多地方存在养老金缺口。随着我国社会保障体系逐渐完善，养老金水平不断提高，医疗保障覆盖面扩大，未来老龄化所带来的财政支出将大幅增长，财政压力随之增大。人口老龄化将是我国需要面对的一个长期问题，应加快采取相
4、关应对措施，继续推进新型城镇化建设和区域经济协调发展，进一步推动农村剩余劳动力的转移和就业。加大人力资本投入，提高劳动者素质。大力促进科技创新，实现产业结构优化升级，通过技术进步来弥补劳动力优势的逐步丧失。加快健全社会保障体系，继续扩大养老保险和医疗保险覆盖面，逐步提高社会保障水平。5 中意两国都是拥有悠久历史和灿烂文化的文明古国。2000 多年前，古罗马正处于文明鼎盛时期，中华文明也达到了历史的巅峰，一条“丝绸之路” 将两大文明联结在一起。威尼斯商人马可波罗、利玛窦、郎世宁等为中西文化交流作出贡献的意大利人，更为中国人民所熟知。过去意大利援助过中国，现在意大利希望中国企业家去那里投资。20
5、年前单向的“丝绸之路 ”已不能适应现在中国发展的形势，我们需要再开放第二条“丝绸之路”。为此，意大利驻华大使馆做了许多工作，通过简化签证等程序，方便更多中国人去意人利投资、旅游。就个人爱好而言，骑自行车去月坛的邮票市场搜集邮票是我的最爱。我还喜欢中国的京剧，乐于搜集中国古老的服装及京剧服饰。我的夫人也喜欢中国的生活，认为这里很适合她。我和夫人了解中国。但我认为大多数西方人包括意大利人对中国认识不够。如果现在把北京三里屯或上海浦东照片带回意大利，没人相信这就是中国。中国的城市化也已进入快速发展期。我去过中国的部分城市，如桂林、苏州、杭州、西安、上海、天津，这些城市建设发展得都很好。桂林是世界著名
6、的旅游胜地和历史文化名城，桂林山水是典型的喀斯特地形，且别具一格，我真正感受到了“桂林山水甲天下 ”的美景。 “上有天堂，下有苏杭”，苏州和杭州之行也给我留下了深刻的印象。英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编 101 答案与解析汉译英1 【正确答案】 To promote aerospace science and general aviation knowledge among the younger generation, in December 2010, Hainan province begins to build a Space Flight Theme Park in Wenchang
7、Cit-y. Covering an area of 1,800 mu (120 hectares) , the theme park is located at Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. The whole project is estimated to cost 3 billion yuan (455 million U. S. dollars) and is expected to be finished in 2013. The park will have four exhibiti-on sections, featuring the ea
8、rth, moon, Mars and the sun. Visitors can even enter the launch station and watch the actual rocket launch.2 【正确答案】 On October, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched the first artificial satellite, which turned the first page in human history of entering the space. During the half century com
9、ing after, humans explorations in outer space have grown by leaps and bounds and have made brilliant achievements. Humans not only successfully landed on the moon, but also reached toward even more distant planet such as Mars. At the end of 2006, the number of the various types of artificial objects
10、 flying around the Earth, including satellites, space shuttles, international space stations, space laboratories, etc. is already close to 6,000.3 【正确答案】 The experience in Boao Forum is not a small blow to Liu Xiaoning. The bare livelihood forced her to reflect on her life as a civil servant for mor
11、e than two years. Every one says that civil servants enjoy a comfortable life, but Xiaoning works more than 10 hours everyday. Working overtime until eight or nine in the evening is perfectly normal. When there are activities, staying up to 12 at night is also not uncommon.4 【正确答案】 The Potential Imp
12、act of Chinas Aging Population on Its Economic GrowthTheoretical studies suggest that aging population will reduce labor supply, reduce the social saving rate, result in reduced output and capital formation, and ultimately affect economic growth. In the meantime, the experiences of developed countri
13、es show that with aging population, expenditure for the elder and per capital health care will rise sharply, adding to the fiscal burden.Compared with “synchronization of getting rich and becoming an aged society“ or “becoming a rich society before getting older“ , Chinas per capita income is still
14、relatively low, and Chinas situation belongs to “becoming an aged society before getting rich“ , and its impact on economic growth is increasingly evident. First, in the future, declining labor supply and rising labor cost will have a negative impact on the corporate sector, especially on labor-inte
15、nsive enterprises. Second, the rising elder dependency ratio will affect households saving amount and the propensity to save, and indirectly affect corporate saving behaviors by depressing corporate profits. The decline in savings will reduce the source of investment funds, and in turn affect the pr
16、ice of funds. Third, aging population will add to fiscal burden. Compared with developed countries, Chinas social security level is relatively low; both the pension funds and medical insurance system face the problems of insufficient funding and inadequate coverage, and there are shortfalls in many
17、localities. As Chinas social security system gradually improves, the level of pensions continues to rise, and the health insurance coverage expands, in the future fiscal expenditures resulting from aging population will grow rapidly , adding to the increasing fiscal pressures.Since population aging
18、is a long-term issue in China, measures should be taken continuously to promote urbanization and balanced regional economic development, and to facilitate the transfer and reemployment of surplus labor in the rural area. Furthermore the following measures should be taken: increase human capital inpu
19、t, and improve labor quality; vigorously promote technological innovation and upgrade industrial structure to offset the gradual loss of labor advantage via technological progress; accelerate the building of the social security system, and continue to expand the coverage of pension funds and medical
20、 insurances to gradually upgrade the social security level.5 【正确答案】 China and Italy are both countries with a long history, splendid culture and ancient civilization. Two thousand years ago, Ancient Rome was in a period of great prosperity while China was also at the prime of its history. The two ci
21、vilizations were linked by “The Silk Road“. Marco Polo the Venetian merchant, Matteo Ricci and Giuseppe Castiglione, who have made extraordinary contributions to the cultural exchange between China and the West, are quite popular among Chinese people nowadays.Italy has assisted China in the past, an
22、d now its expected that Chinese entrepreneurs will invest in Italy. The one-way “Silk Road“ twenty years ago can no longer accommodate the current situation of Chinas rapid development, and now we are in need of another “Silk Road“. To this end, Embassy of Italy in Beijing has made enormous efforts
23、to simplify the applying procedure of visa, bringing more convenience for Chinese to invest or travel in Italy.I personally cultivate the interest of cycling to the stamp market near Yuetan Park to collect stamps. I like Beijing Opera as well, enjoying collecting old Chinese clothes and costumes of
24、Beijing Opera. My wife is also a fan of China. She thinks the life here is suitable for her. My wife and I are familiar with China, but I dont think most westerners, including Italians, know much about China. If I bring a picture of Sanlitun in Beijing or Pudong in Shanghai back to Italy, no one wil
25、l believe this is actually China.The urbanization of China is entering a stage of rapid growth. I have been to some cities like Guilin, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Xian, Shanghai and Tianjin, which are all well-developed. Guilin is a tourist resort and historic city of worldwide fame. Landscape of Guilin is representatively karstic feature , the uniqueness of which has impressed me beyond words. As the saying goes that there is Paradise above and Suzhou and Hangzhou below, my tour to the renowned Suzhou and Hangzhou has bestowed me with profound impression as well.
