1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 367（无答案）SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. Wh
2、en the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.0 How to Conquer Public Speaking Fear. IntroductionA. Public speakinga common source of stress for everyoneB. T
3、he truth about itit is not【1】stressfulit is very likely to become invigorating bears in mind its meaning, key points and reminders related. . Causes of stress in a speechA. lack of right guiding principlesB. lack of right【3】C. lack of right plan of action. Meaning of a【4】speech. A. It doesnt mean pe
4、rfection. B. Give your audience something【5】so thatthey feel better about themselves;they feel better about jobs they have to do;they feel happy or entertained. . Main points for 【6】a speechA. Do not deliver lots of information to the audience. B. Have【7】or an index card. . General remindersIf you f
5、orget the【8】about public speaking and feel stressful,A. go back and review this lecture,B. find out what you did【9】C. go back out and speak again. Remember that the【10】will be impressivSECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer
6、 the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.11 The job-seeking perspective is particularly good for the following majors EXCEPT_.（A）accounti
7、ng major（B） engineering major（C） finance major（D）mechanical major12 Which of the following reasons CANNOT explain the hiring surge of the job market?（A）a strong economy（B） fast corporate growth（C） strong corporate profits（D）sensitive entry-level market13 Which of the following statements about an in
8、formational interview is true?（A）It is a great way really to learn more about potential jobs that might work for college graduates.（B） Its a more intimidating way for college graduates.（C） According to the statistics, college graduates are more than 50 times likely to find a job through an informati
9、onal interview（D）Compared with sending your resume out blindly, an informational interview is a big mistak14 What might be a main factor that determines whether you could get a job?（A）your qualifications（B） your interviewing skills（C） your experience（D）your education15 What does the speaker say abou
10、t leaving an electronic footprint?（A）Feel free to do that.（B） Be confident in doing that.（C） Be careful in doing that.（D）Be poised in doing that.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the
11、end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.16 The 10 Russians left U. S. because（A）their life in U. S. was miserable.（B） they are convicted Russian spies.（C） they miss their motherland.（D）they prefer to move to Vienna.17 The head of the U. S. Central Bank says the ke
12、y driver of the U. S. economy is（A）employment rate.（B） consumer spending.（C） interest rate.（D）gold reserve.18 How many jobs were lost during the recession?（A）37,000.（B） 464,000.（C） About 4. 5 million.（D）Over 8 million.19 Who are responsible for setting the goals for public school teaching in America
13、?（A）Chief state school officers.（B） Local Schoolmasters.（C） Local and state school boards.（D）Local education bureau.20 On which subjects can the Common Core State Standards be applied?（A）Algebra and mathematics.（B） Mathematics and arts.（C） English-language arts and mathematics.（D）English-language ar
14、ts and algebra.20 “The world isnt flat,“ writes Edward Glaeser, “its paved. “ At any rate, most of the places where people prefer to dwell are paved. More than half of humanity now lives in cities, and every month 5 million people move from the countryside to a city somewhere in the developing world
15、. For Mr Glaeser, a Harvard economist who grew up in Manhattan, this is a happy prospect. He calls cities “our species greatest invention“: proximity makes people more inventive, as bright minds feed off one another; more productive, as scale gives rise to finer degrees of specialisation; and kinder
16、 to the planet, as city-dwellers are more likely to go by foot, bus or train than the car-slaves of suburbia and the sticks. He builds a strong case, too, for town-dwelling, drawing on his own research as well as that of other observers of urban life. And although liberally sprinkled with statistics
17、, Triumph of the City is no dry work. Mr Glaeser writes lucidly and spares his readers the equations of his trade. What makes some cities succeed? Successful places have in common the ability to attract people and to enable them to collaborate. Yet Mr Glaeser also says they are not like Tolstoys hap
18、py families: those that thrive, thrive in their own ways. Titus Tokyo is a national seat of political and financial power. Singapore embodies a peculiar mix of the free market, state-led industrialisation and paternalism. The well-educated citizenries of Boston, Milan, Minneapolis and New York have
19、found new sources of prosperity when old ones ran out. Mr Glaeser is likely to raise hackles in three areas. The first is urban poverty in the developing world. He can see the misery of a slum in Kolkata, Lagos or Rio de Janeiro as easily as anyone else, but believes that “theres a lot to like about
20、 urban poverty“ because it beats the rural kind. Cities attract the poor with the promise of a better lot than the countryside offers. About three-quarters of Lagoss people have access to safe drinking water; the Nigerian average is less than 30%. Rural West Bengals poverty rate is twice Kolkatas. T
21、he second is the height of buildings. Mr Glaeser likes them talland its not just the Manhattanite in him speaking. He likes low-rise neighbourhoods, too, but points out that restrictions on height are also restrictions on the supply of space, which push up the prices of housing and offices. That sui
22、ts those who own property already, but hurts those who might otherwise move in, and hence perhaps the city as a whole. So Mr Glaeser wonders whether central Paris might have benefited from a few skyscrapers. He certainly believes that his hometown should preserve fewer old buildings. And he thinks t
23、hat cities in developing countries should build up rather than out. New downtown developments in Mumbai, he says, should rise to at least 40 storeys. The third, related, area is sprawl, which is promoted, especially in America, by flawed policies nationally and locally. Living out of town may feel g
24、reen, but it isnt. Americans live too far apart, drive too much and walk too little. The tax-deductibility of mortgage interest encourages people to buy houses rather than rent flats, buy bigger properties rather than smaller ones and therefore to spread out. Minimum plot sizes keep folk out of, say
25、, Marin County, California. He says that spreading Houston has “done a better job of providing affordable housing than all of the progressive reformers on Americas East and West coasts. “Cities need wise government above all else, and they get it too rarely. That is one reason why, from Paris in 178
26、9 to Cairo in 2011, they are sources of political upheaval as well as economic advance. The reader may wonder if Mumbai really would be better off as a city of high-rise slums rather than low-rise ones.21 The sentence in the first paragraph “The world isnt flat. . , its paved. “ implies that（A）the w
27、orld is a round settled planet.（B） citys are built by human beings.（C） urban life is better than suburban life.（D）people prefer to dwell in the countryside.22 Which of the following does NOT show the results of urbanization?（A）It enables citizens to think and work creatively.（B） Manufacturing produc
28、tivity has been improved.（C） It encourages more environment friendly living style.（D）It attracts people and enables them to collaborate.23 According to Mr Glaesers theory, which of the following is NOT true?（A）People should notice something positive about urban poverty.（B） Low-rise neighbourhoods ar
29、e advisable in developing countries.（C） The mortgage interest policy promotes sprawl in America.（D）The story of Marin County is a good demonstration of flawed policies.24 Which of the following adjectives best describes the authors treatment of Glaesers argumentation?（A）Indifferent（B） Neutral（C） Aff
30、irmative（D）Critical24 Imagine that you could rewind the clock 20 years, and youre 20 years younger. How do you feel? Well, if youre at all like the subjects in a provocative experiment by Harvard psychologist Ellen Langer, you actually feel as if your body clock has been turned back two decades. Lan
31、ger did a study like this with a group of elderly men some years ago, retrofitting an isolated old New England hotel so that every visible sign said it was 20 years earlier. The menin their late 70s and early 80swere told not to reminisce about the past, but to actually act as if they had traveled b
32、ack in time. The idea was to see if changing the mens mindset about their own age might lead to actual changes in health and fitness. Langers findings were stunning: After just one week, the men in the experimental group (compared with controls of the same age) had more joint flexibility, increased
33、dexterity and less arthritis in their hands. Their mental sensitivity had risen measurably, and they had improved posture. Outsiders who were shown the mens photographs judged them to be significantly younger than the controls. In other words, the aging process had in some measure been reversed. Tho
34、ugh this sounds a bit woo-wooey, Langer and her Harvard colleagues have been running similarly inventive experiments for decades, and the accumulated weight of the evidence is convincing. Her theory, argued in her new book, Counterclockwise, is that we are all victims of our own stereotypes about ag
35、ing and health. We mindlessly accept negative cultural cues about disease and old age, and these cues shape our self-concepts and our behavior. If we can shake loose from the negative clichs that dominate our thinking about health, we can “mindfully“ open ourselves to possibilities for more producti
36、ve lives even into old age. Consider another of Langers mindfulness studies, this one using an ordinary optometrists eye chart. Thats the chart with the huge E on top, and descending lines of smaller and smaller letters that eventually become unreadable. Langer and her colleagues wondered: what if w
37、e reversed it? The regular chart creates the expectation that at some point you will be unable to read. Would turning the chart upside down reverse that expectation, so that people would expect the letters to become readable? Thats exactly what they found. The subjects still couldnt read the tiniest
38、 letters, but when they were expecting the letters to get more legible, they were able to read smaller letters than they could have normally. Their expectation their mindsetimproved their actual vision. That means that some people may be able to change prescriptions if they change the way they think
39、 about seeing. But other health consequences might be more important than that. Heres another study, this one using clothing as a trigger for aging stereotypes. Most people try to dress appropriately for their age, so clothing in effect becomes a cue for ingrained attitudes about age. But what if th
40、is cue disappeared? Langer decided to study people who routinely wear uniforms as part of their work life, and compare them with people who dress in street clothes. She found that people who wear uniforms missed fewer days owing to illness or injury, had fewer doctors visits and hospitalizations, an
41、d had fewer chronic diseaseseven though they all had the same socioeconomic status. Thats because they were not constantly reminded of their own aging by their fashion choices. The health differences were even more exaggerated when Langer looked at affluent people: presumably the means to buy even m
42、ore clothes provides a steady stream of new aging cues, which wealthy people internalize as unhealthy attitudes and expectations. Langers point is that we are surrounded every day by subtle signals that aging is an undesirable period of decline. These signals make it difficult to age gracefully. Sim
43、ilar signals also lock all of usregardless of ageinto pigeonholes for disease. We are too quick to accept diagnostic categories like cancer and depression, and let them define us. Thats not to say that we wont encounter illness, bad moods or a stiff back. But with a little mindfulness, we can try to
44、 embrace uncertainty and understand that the way we feel today may or may not connect to the way we will feel tomorrow.25 According to the first paragraph, the experiment is designed by Ellen Langer to show（A）how men could rewind the body clock.（B） how the old men traveled back to the past.（C） how t
45、he old hotel influences peoples mind.（D）how the state of mind influences health.26 Which of the following is NOT true about the old men in the experimental group during Langers experiment?（A）They look younger than they are.（B） They look much happier than before.（C） Their joints tend to be more flexi
46、ble.（D）They have fewer diseases than before.27 The word woo-wooey in the third paragraph probably means（A）marvelous（B） incredible（C） impractical（D）mysterious28 What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the topic?（A）To show how to use an eye chart in an unordinary way.（B） To show th
47、at the regular eye chart is not properly designed.（C） To offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraphs.（D）To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs.29 The sentence in the sixth paragraph “Similar signals also. . , for disease“ implies that _（A）We tend to accept that becoming old is i
48、nevitable.（B） We usually have no doubts about doctors diagnosis.（C） Illness often leaves us in a difficult situation.（D）Fixed ideas about illnesses can worsen the situation.29 After taking a brief hiatus to weather the recession, an invasion of Britain by some of Americas best- known retail brandsin
49、cluding Best Buy, Banana Republic and Forever 21-is back on the march. And early reports from the front line in the land of shopkeepers indicate that, unlike with earlier attempts by U. S. retailers to break Britain, British consumers are welcoming the invaders with open armsand wallets. Thats not always been the case. While the British public has long had an appetite for American fast- food vendors, the record of U. S. retailers who have tried to make it big in Britain is mixed. But the latest arrivals en
