1、2007 年江苏专转本（英语）真题试卷及答案与解析0 Under proper conditions, sound waves will be reflected from a hillside or other such obstruction. Sound travels at the rate of about one-fifth of a mile per second. If the hill is eleven hundred feet away, it takes two seconds for the sound to travel to the hill and back.
2、Thus, by timing the interval between a sound and its reflection (the echo) , you can estimate the distance to an obstruction. During World War II the British used a practical application of this principle to detect German planes on their way to bomb London long before the enemy was near the target.
3、They used radio waves instead of sound waves, since radio waves can penetrate fog and clouds. The outnumbered Royal Air Force(RAF) always seemed to the puzzled Germans to by lying in wait at the right time and never to be surprised. It was radio echoes more than anything else that won the Battle of
4、Britain. Since the radio waves were used to tell the direction in which to send the RAF planes and the distance to send them (their rage of flight, in other words) , the device was called “radio directing and ranging“ , and from the initials the word “radar“ was coined.1 Sound waves reflected from a
5、 hill can be used to estimate the_.（A）height of the hill（B） speed of sound（C） distance to the hill（D）intensity of sound2 Practical application of this principle resulted in_.（A）new electronic instruments for planes（B） a radio directing and ranging device（C） new radio sets for RAF bombers（D）an electr
6、onic detecting device3 Radar enabled the English to_.（A）detect German planes on their way to London（B） direct the outnumbered RAF planes effectively（C） confuse German bomber pilots（D）both A and B4 It can be inferred from the passage that_.（A）light waves could be used in a device similar to radar（B）
7、radar was a practical application of a well-known principle（C） radar gready increased the effectiveness of the Royal Air Force（D）sound waves are reflected from a hillside under all conditions5 The author of this passage probably intended to explain ,_.（A）exactly how radar works（B） why the British us
8、ed radio waves in their device（C） how radar(word and device)came to be（D）how radar helped the British win the Battle of Britain5 In general, the ancient Romans were a practical people. They cared less about philosophy and pure mathematics than the Greeks did. The Romans were the best of the ancient
9、engineers and architects. They were brilliant students of Greek geometry and trigonometry (三角学) , and they applied their knowledge to the construction of fine bridges, roads, aqueducts(渠道) , and public buildings. They knew about the smelting of iron ore, but they used the iron they produced mainly f
10、or spears, swords, and shields, rather than for building construction. While the Romans accomplished practical wonders, they did very little theoretical scientific thinking. Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with wh
11、ich they were familiar. There are two reasons for the Roman neglect of philosophy and pure mathematics. First, they were apparently too busy conquering nearby nations and forming them into a rapidly growing empire to waste much time on abstract thinking. Secondly, they were handicapped (妨碍) by the r
12、igidity of their numerical system. (Try to multiply XI by LVII or to divide CXLIII by IX; it simply cannot be done with pencil and paper. ) The Romans did all of their arithmetic on an abacus, the ancient counterpart of the modern computing machine. Their number system discouraged the study of pure
13、mathematics.6 The author calls the Romans “practical“ because they_.（A）cared little about philosophy（B） applied their knowledge to construction（C） saw the necessity for developing theoretical science（D）studied the past and learned from it7 The ancient Romans did not concern themselves with_.（A）theor
14、etical or abstract thought（B） applied mathematics（C） studying（D）either A or C8 In construction, the Romans made extensive use of_.（A）iron ore（B） geometry and trigonometry（C） Greek mathematical thought（D）both B and C9 Many Roman inventions were based on Greek weapons because the_.（A）Greeks had superi
15、or weapons（B） Romans were involved in frequent wars（C） Romans were familiar with many types of weapons（D）Greeks proved themselves inspired inventors10 The author of this passage probably wanted to explain why_.（A）he considered the Romans a practical people（B） Roman architects and engineers were the
16、best in ancient times（C） theoretical thinking is necessary for the growth of a nation（D）the Romans contributed little to philosophical thought10 Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many north Americans interact these days. The term i
17、s “ networked individualism“. This concept is not easy to understand because the words seem to have opposite meanings. How can we be individuals and be networked at the same time? You need other people for networks. Here is what Professor Wellman means. Before the invention of the Internet and e-mai
18、l, our social networks involved live interactions with relatives, neighbors, and colleagues at work. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time. A recent research study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project showed that for a lot of p
19、eople, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced this person-to-person interaction. However, a lot of people interviewed for the Pew study say thats a good thing. Why?In the past, many people were worried that the Internet isolated us and caused us to spend too much time in the imagin
20、ary world of the computer. But the Pew study discovered that the opposite is true. The Internet connects us with more real people than expected helpful people who can give advice on careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million Americans told Pew tha
21、t the Internet plays an important role in helping them make major life decisions. Thanks to the computer, “networked individuals“ are able to be alone and together with other peopleat the same time .11 The Pew study was conducted in_.（A）The United States（B） Canada（C） The U. S. and Canada（D）Europe12
22、In this article, a network is a group of connected_.（A）radio or TV stations（B） people（C） computers（D）roads13 Before the invention of the Internet, our connections with people took place mainly（A）in person（B） by phone（C） by letter（D）by e-mail14 Which of the following has happened since the invention
23、of the Internet and e-mail?（A）People are talking on the phone more than ever.（B） Interaction through the computer has replaced a lot of person to person interaction.（C） Americans are turning into hermits.（D）Sixty million Americans have bought computers. 15 Which of the following was NOT one of the d
24、iscoveries of the Pew study?（A）The Internet has put us in touch with more people than expected.（B） People use the Internet to get advice on careers, medical problems, and other questions.（C） For many Americans, the Internet plays an important role in helping them make important decisions.（D）Internet
25、 addiction is a growing problem among people who use computers. 15 （非英语类学生必做）Summers with father were always enjoyable. Swimming, hiking, boating, fishing the days were not long enough to contain all of our activities. There never seemed to be enough time to go to church, which disturbed some friend
26、s and relations. Accused of neglecting this part of our education, my father instituted a summer school for my brother and me. However, his summer course included ancient history, which Papa felt our schools neglected, and navigation, in which we first had a formal examination in the dining room, pa
27、rt of which consisted of tying several knots in a given time limit. Then we were each separately sent on what was grandly referred to as a cruise in my fathers 18 foot knockabout, spending the night on board, and loaded down, according to my mother, with enough food for a week. I remember that on my
28、 cruise I was required to formally plot our course, using the tide table, even though our goal was an island I could see quite clearly across the water in the distance. 16 What was the original reason for holding the summer school?（A）The father wanted the children to learn more about religion.（B） Th
29、e children got poor grades in their regular school.（C） The regular school teachers neglected the children.（D）Friends and relatives thought the children should learn religion. 17 The purpose of the cruise mentioned in the passage was to_.（A）have fun（B） test the authors sailing ability（C） reward the a
30、uthor for completing summer school（D）get to the island18 Why did the author have to plot the course of her cruise?（A）She had to demonstrate her ability to do so.（B） She was afraid of getting lost.（C） The coast was dangerous.（D）The tides were strong. 19 How long did the authors cruise last?（A）All sum
31、mer.（B） Overnight.（C） A week.（D）One day, morning till night. 20 Apparently a knockabout is_.（A）a seamans knot（B） a cruise（C） an island（D）a boat20 （英语类学生必做）The three main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by the Latin grammar school, the academy, and the public high
32、 school. The first of these was a colonial institution. It began in New England with the establishment in 1635 of the Boston Free Latin School. The curriculum consisted mainly of the classical languages, and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college, where most of th
33、em would be fitted for the ministry. The academy began in the early 1750s with Benjamin Franklins school in Philadelphia, Which later became the University of Pennsylvania. It extended generally to about the middle of the nineteenth century, except in the southern states where the public high school
34、 was late in developing and where the academy continued a principal means of secondary education even after 1900. The academy was open to girls as well as to boys, and it provided a wider curriculum than the Latin grammar school had furnished. It was designed not only as a preparation for college bu
35、t also for practical life in commercial and business activities. Although its wide educational values were evident and are recognized as important contributions to secondary education in this country, the academy was never considered a public institution as the public high school has come to be. The
36、 public high school had its origin in Massachusetts in 1821 when the English Classical School was established in Boston. In 1827, that state enacted the first state-wide public high school law in the Untied States. By 1840, there were perhaps a dozen public high schools in Massachusetts and many in
37、other eastern states; by 1850, they were also to be found in many other states. Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of the Latin grammar school, so the curriculum of the public high school developed out of that of the academy. The public high school in the United States is a rejec
38、tion of the aristocratic (贵族) and selective principle of the European educational tradition. Since 1890, enrollments in secondary schools, mainly public high schools, have practically doubled in this country every ten years.21 According to the author, the main types of secondary education in the Uni
39、ted States have been provided by_.（A）New England establishments（B） the Latin grammar school and the academy（C） the public high school（D）both B and C22 According to the passage, which of the following sequences indicates the order in which the school developed?（A）Latin grammar school, public high sch
40、ool, academy.（B） Latin grammar school, academy, public high school.（C） Public high school, Latin grammar school, academy.（D）Public high school, academy, Latin grammar school. 23 Since 1908, secondary-school enrollments have_.（A）almost doubled every ten years（B） practically doubled（C） declined in enr
41、ollment（D）increased tenfold24 In the southern states, the principal means of secondary education even after 1900 continued to be the_.（A）Latin grammar school（B） academy（C） classical language school（D）church school25 One can properly infer from this article that “Latin grammar school“ refers to_.（A）t
42、he Boston Free Latin School（B） all elementary schools in the United States（C） schools which taught Latin exclusive of all other subjects（D）a number of grammar schools which developed in New England二、Vocabulary and Structure26 Mary is one of the brightest students who_from New York University.（A）grad
43、uated（B） have graduated（C） had graduated（D）has graduated27 My friends son, who is a soldier, was delighted when he was_only a few miles from home.（A）camped（B） situated（C） placed（D）stationed28 She has bought some lovely_to make herself a dress.（A）stuff（B） clothing（C） material（D）pattern29 She is pleas
44、ed with what you have given her husband and_you have fold him.（A）that（B） which（C） al what（D）all that30 I passed my exams but it was a long time_my friends about it.（A）that I didnt tell（B） before I told（C） after I told（D）since I told31 The stone statue in the city square was put up_the fallen heroes.
45、（A）in memory of（B） in search of（C） in terms of（D）in view of32 When I applied for my passport to be renewed, I had to send a_photo.（A）fresh（B） familiar（C） recent（D）late33 The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also _ many social customs.（A）join（B） share（C） create（D）maintai
46、n34 _from the hill-top, the lake scenery is beyond description.（A）Seen（B） Seeing（C） To see（D）Having seen35 In many schools, students dont have easy access _computers.（A）of（B） into（C） for（D）to36 His success was due to_he had been working hard all the time.（A）that（B） the fact which（C） the fact that（D）
47、the fact what37 He didnt want to go to the cinema but they begged so hard that he finally_ and went with them.（A）gave off（B） gave away（C） gave out（D）gave in38 The toy boat turned over and sank to the _of the pool. （A）bottom（B） ground（C） floor（D）base39 You mustnt be_, or else you will make a lot of m
48、istakes.（A）quick（B） hasty（C） rapid（D）fast40 Do not disturb me. I_letters all morning and have written six so far.（A）write（B） am writing（C） was writing（D）have been writing41 Teachers always tell their students that it is no good _ todays work for tomorrow.（A）to leave（B） leaving（C） left（D）leave42 I ha
49、ve really got angry with John because_I suggest, he always disagrees.（A）whatever（B） anything（C） what（D）everything43 George had great difficulty in swimming across the lake, but he finally succeeded on his fourth _.（A）process（B） attempt（C） display（D）intention44 After much thought, the engineer found a very_solution to the problem.（A）logical（B） necessary（C） clever（D）ordinary45 Edison tested mo
