1、2008 年江苏专转本（英语）真题试卷及答案与解析0 Sometimes, people simply do not realize they are being ill mannered. Take Ted, for example. He prides himself on speaking his mind, and has something to say on everything. But his frankness is often extremely embarrassing. He is incapable of saying, “ I thought that last a
2、dvertising campaign had a lot of good ideas in it, but perhaps next time we could give the copy more vitality(活力). “ Instead, he would say, “ That campaign was a disaster. A child of three could have done better !“The fact that he is often right does not help. Other employees dislike his manner even
3、 more, but he is too insensitive to notice. Another character among the list of ill-mannered employees is Sally, who seems to regard just being at work as a severe punishment. Everything is done unwillingly. Asking her to do a task beyond her basic job description is often not worth the trouble. It
4、will be done, but only half-heartedly. Fergus is just the opposite. He shows an over-familiarity to his boss. When an important visitor is shown into the managers office, Fergus cannot take the hint and leave. Instead he will attempt to take part in the conversation, declaring, “You can talk in fron
5、t of me. Henry and I dont have many secrets, do we?“ Over the years Fergus has fallen behind his former equal. But he seeks to maintain the same close relationship that he imagines existed in their younger days.1 Which of the following words describes Ted best?（A）Cold.（B） Tactless.（C） Stupid.（D）Warm
6、-hearted. 2 It can be inferred from the passage that Ted_.（A）is well-known for his honesty（B） tends to blame others rather than himself（C） often gives the right idea in the wrong way（D）is treated unfairly by the management3 Which of the following is true about Sally?（A）She thinks its unfair to have
7、so much work to do.（B） She is unhappy to help others.（C） She hates being ordered about.（D）She does everything half-heartedly. 4 From the passage, we can infer that Fergus_.（A）was once close to all his colleagues（B） has remained in the same position for years（C） doesnt know what a hint is（D）knows eve
8、rything that happens in the office5 The writer is taking the point of view of_.（A）a colleague（B） people like Ted（C） an employee（D）a manager5 A lot of real businesses are focusing on the Internet as a way of building sales, but some people with nothing to sell are creating their own Websites to annou
9、nce wedding plans, show off pictures of their kids or just have communications. Its not as hard as you think and it can be a lot of fun. Carol Masser has some tips on building your own Website. “Like my living room, or my study, its where I put mementos (纪念品) , collectibles (收藏物) , books and paintin
10、gs and things that I would like to show to my friends and relatives. “Renne Tubegeihan uses his own Website to invite people into his virtual home. While John Marashod designed his own Website to attract other parents of disabled children, “ Id say the goal of this site is to basically link parents
11、in the same situation with disabled children and exchange ideas with one another. “Renne and John are part of a growing number of surfers who have established their own Websites. If you want to weave a Web yourself, its easier than you think. The first step is to get your own Web address. Theyre sol
12、d by Web service providers like Microsoft, AT or if you want to get a little fancier, you can buy a software program like Adobe Page Mill for 100 dollars, or Microsofts FrontPage Editor for 150 dollars.6 According to the passage, some people create their own Websites in order to_.（A）sell their perso
13、nal things（B） set up family business（C） communicate with others（D）show off their Website building skills7 What is the main goal of John Marashods Website?（A）To contact parents who like to share their ideas on raising children.（B） To link parents who offer free service to disabled children.（C） To sen
14、d information to disabled children.（D）To link parents with disabled children so as to communicate with each other. 8 Some companies offer free Web addresses provided that_.（A）their advertisements are allowed to be put on the Website（B） the Web service providers agree to put their advertisement on th
15、eir Web sites（C） Microsoft and other service providers pay the monthly rent（D）25 dollars are paid to Microsoft, AT sometimes, though, there is no one to listen. Modern pharmacology (药物学) offers a lot of tranquilizers (镇静剂) , antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs. What many people dont realize, howe
16、ver, is that scientists have discovered the effectiveness of several non-drug approaches to make you free from an unwanted mood. These can be just as useful as drugs, and have the added benefit of being non-poisonous. So next time you feel out of sorts, dont head for the drugstore, try the following
17、 approach. Of all the mood-altering self-help techniques, aerobic(增氧简体的) exercise seems to be the most efficient cure for a bad mood. “If you could keep the exercise, youd be in high spirits. “ says Kathryn Lance, author of Running for Health and Beauty. Researchers have explained biochemical and va
18、rious other changes that make exercise compared favorably to drugs as a mood-raiser. Physical exertion such as housework, however, does little. The key is aerobic exerciserunning, cycling, walking, swimming or other repetitive and tamed activities that boost the heart rate, increase circulation(血液循环
19、) and improve the bodys utilization(利用) of oxygen. Do them for at least twenty minutes a session, three or five times a week.11 What is the main subject of the passage?（A）How to beat a bad mood.（B） How to do physical exercise.（C） How to talk bad moods out.（D）How to get involved in aerobic exercise.
20、12 It can be inferred from the passage that_.（A）the best way to overcome a bad mood is to talk to oneself（B） when one is in a bad mood, he or she may not work very efficiently（C） some drugs are more effective than physical exercise（D）a person can make a big profit if he is in a good mood13 “Feel out
21、 of sorts“ in the second paragraph could be best replaced by “_“.（A）put things in order（B） be in a bad mood（C） search for tranquilizers（D）need a mood-raiser14 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（A）Doing housework can also help you overcome a bad mood.（B） Aerobic exercise can
22、 make you in high spirits.（C） Swimming walking, or running is an efficient cure for a bad mood.（D）Taking anti-anxiety drugs might do harm to peoples health. 15 Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage?（A）A procedure is explained and its significance is emphasized.（B） A
23、problem is pointed out and solutions are given.（C） Two contrasting views of a problem are presented.（D）Recent pharmacological advancements are outlined in order of importance. 15 （非英语类学生必做）The average person swallows about half-a-ton of food a yearnot counting drinkand though the body is remarkably
24、efficient at extracting(摄取) just what it needs from this huge mixture, it can only cope up to a point. If you go on eating too much of some things and not enough of others, youll eventually get out of condition and your health will suffer. So think before you start eating. It may look good. It may t
25、aste good. Fine! But how much good is it really doing you?What you eat and the way it affects your body depend very much on the kind of person you are. For one things, the genes you inherit from your parents can determine how your body metabolism(新陈代谢) copes with particular foods. The tendency to pu
26、t on weight rather easily, for example, often runs in families which means that they have to take particular care. And your parents may shape your future in another way. The way you are brought up shapes some basic attitudes to foodlike whether you have a sweet tooth, nibble (吃零食) between meals, tak
27、e big mouthfuls or eat chips with everything. Eating habits, good or bad, tend to get passed on. And then there is your lifestyle. How much you spend on food (time as well as money) , how much exercise you getthese can alter the balance between food and fitness. And finally, both your age and your s
28、ex may affect this balance. For example, youre more likely to put on weight as you get older, especially if youre a woman. So everybody is different and the important thing is to know yourself. 16 Before eating something, we are advised to consider_.（A）how good it will taste（B） whether we really nee
29、d it（C） why we want to eat it（D）if we have eaten too much of it17 We can infer from the passage that_.（A）in order to keep fit, we should spend as little time and money as possible on food（B） nibbling between meals is a bad habit that will throw our body out of condition（C） if other members of our fa
30、mily get fat quite easily, we probably will too（D）we can eat as much as we want and leave it to our body to select what it needs18 If we love sweet things, its probably due to -_.（A）our bodys needs（B） our parents influence（C） our basic instinct（D）the taste of the food19 According to the passage, whi
31、ch person is most likely to put on weight?（A）A successful young businessman.（B） A child who is picky about food.（C） A man with a good appetite.（D）A woman who has just retired,20 What conclusion can we draw from this passage?（A）People need a standard to guide their eating.（B） Proper eating is the key
32、 to ones health.（C） Women should pay more attention to what they eat.（D）The balance between food and fitness is hard to maintain. 20 （英语类考生必做）Mrs. P sneezes violently. Mrs. Q says “Bless you!“ Mrs. P says “Thank you. “ Again, this hardly seems to be a case of language being used to communicate ideas
33、, but rather to maintain a comfortable relationship between people. Its function is to provide a means of avoiding a situation which both parties might otherwise find embarrassing. No factual content is involved. Similarly, the use of such phrases as “Good morning“ or “Pleased to meet you“ , and rit
34、ual exchanges about health or the weather, do not communicate ideas in the usual sense. Sentences of this kind are usually automatically produced, and stereotyped in structure. They often state the obvious(e. g. “Lovely day“ ) or have no content at all(e. g. “Hello“) . They certainly require a speci
35、al kind of explanation, and this is found in the idea that language is here being used for the purpose of maintaining good relationship between people. The anthropologist(人类学家) Bronislaw Malinowski created the phrase “phatic communication“ to refer to this social function of language, which arises o
36、ut of the basic human need to signal friendshipor, at least, lack of hatred. For someone to withhold these sentences when they are expected, by staying silent, is a sure-sign of distance, alienation(疏远 ) , or even danger. These illustrations apply to English and to many European languages. But cultu
37、res vary greatly in the topics which they permit as phatic communication. The weather is not as universal a conversation-filler as the English might like to think. For example, Rundi women (In Burundi, Central Africa) , upon taking leave, are quite often heard to say, routinely and politely, “I must
38、 go home now, or my husband will beat me. “ Moreover, phatic communication itself is far from universal. Some cultures say little; and prefer silence, as in the case of the Paliyans of southern India, or the American of Colombia.21 What is the subject of the passage?（A）Language used to communicate i
39、deas.（B） Differences between English and other languages.（C） A special social function of language use.（D）Relationship between language and culture. 22 In Paragraph 1, the author implies that_.（A）people usually think language is only used to communicate ideas（B） the exchange about health or the weat
40、her is a universal topic（C） people will always say something when facing embarrassment（D）the example of Mrs. P and Mrs. Q is common in all cultures23 The phrase “stereotyped in structure“ in Paragraph 2 probably means_.（A）sentences of this kind have a variety of meanings（B） this kind of sentences ha
41、ve no content at all（C） the structure of these sentences is always changing（D）sentences of this kind usually have a fixed structure24 The phrase “phatic communication“ in Paragraph 3 can be explained as_.（A）exchange of ideas（B） explanation of facts（C） exchange about health or the weather（D）exchange
42、for maintaining social relationship25 In the last paragraph, the author concludes that_.（A）the weather is a universal topic for human communication（B） phatic communication differs from culture to culture（C） the English and people in many other European countries have common language for phatic commu
43、nication（D）every culture has its own way to communicate ideas二、Vocabulary and Structure26 His salary as a bus driver is much higher than_.（A）that of a teacher（B） those of a teacher（C） these of a teacher（D）this of a teacher27 While Tim was walking in the street, he came_an old classmate of his.（A）int
44、o（B） across（C） onto（D）up with28 Hardly_making the speech when the people stood up applauding.（A）has the speaker finished（B） the speaker had finished（C） had the speaker finished（D）had finished the speaker29 Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends main
45、ly on_.（A）consciousness（B） instinct（C） impulse（D）reaction30 If you_in taking this annoying attitude, well have to ask you to leave.（A）persist（B） insist（C） resist（D）assist31 There are not many teachers who are strong_ of traditional methods in English teaching.（A）sponsors（B） advocates（C） contributors
46、（D）performers32 Please see to it_no one comes in without identification.（A）that（B） lest（C） when（D）which33 We had_enough Russian to be able to read the instructions.（A）set up（B） picked up（C） taken up（D）made up34 Only those who are_of their lagging behind are more likely to catch up.（A）awake（B） visual
47、（C） aware（D）illusive35 It is suggested that smoking_in public places.（A）will not be allowed（B） was not allowed（C） not be allowed（D）is not allowed36 In_ to the Partys call, a great number of doctors and nurses went to the frondine to fight the flood.（A）return（B） admission（C） order（D）response37 You co
48、uld not persuade him to accept it, _ make him see the importance of it.（A）no more than you could（B） if only you could not（C） nor could you（D）or you could not38 The 20-year-old tennis players dream is to_China at 200Beijing Olympic Games.（A）support（B） present（C） represent（D）compete39 Britain is proud
49、 of her great poets; just as Italy is proud of her painters, and Germany _of her composers.（A）/（B） is（C） proud（D）as40 It is no use just telling me to do it;suggest some_ways to do it.（A）active（B） positive（C） passive（D）negative41 One cant see well through a telescope without correctly_ it to ones sight.（A）balancing（B） adopting（C） repairing（D）adjusting42 _children have been taken out of school and taught by
