1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 12 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 The decline in moral standardswhich has long concerned social analystshas at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad.The fact that ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nation s moral climate, says this e
3、thics(伦理学)professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it.But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. “The thought that Im in it for me has become deeply rooted in
4、 the national consciousness,“ Ms. Elshtain says.Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With today s greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a grea
5、ter emphasis on self.In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U. S. And Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that; Data shows that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rat
6、e of births to unmarried mothers.“The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament(挽歌)for some nonexistent golden age,“ Elshtain says, “nor is it a wishful(一厢情愿的)longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice. “Moral
7、 decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society,“ she says. “Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that cant be bought. “1 Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans_.（A）have adapted to a new set of moral standards（B） are long
8、ing for the return of the good old days（C） have realized the importance of material things（D）are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards2 The moral decline of American society is caused mainly by_.（A）its growing wealth（B） the self-centeredness of individuals（C） underestimating the impact
9、of social changes（D）the prejudice against women and minorities3 Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities?（A）Great mobility.（B） Concern for one s neighbors.（C） Emphasis on individual effort.（D）Ever weakening social bonds.4 In the 1950s, classroom violence_.（A）was something unh
10、eard of（B） was by no means a rare occurrence（C） attracted a lot of public attention（D）began to appear in analysts data5 According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed _.（A）if people can return to the “golden age“（B） when women and men enjoy equal rights（C） when people rid themselve
11、s of prejudice（D）if less emphasis is laid on material things5 Maasai Mara is a part of the southwestern tourist circuit and the most popular and visited game reserve in Kenya. The annual wildebeest migration to Maasai Mara is the world s greatest wildlife spectacle , something not to be missed espec
12、ially if you re visiting Kenya between August and October. Millions of wildebeests, zebras and gazelles from the Serengeti plains migrate across the Tanzania border and the Mara River to reach Maasai Mata grazing fields from late June. The game reserve abounds with bird-life since close to about 452
13、 odd species have been recorded.Maasai Mara has a good range of accommodation from five-star lodges to luxury-tended camps. To keep the tempo of your adventure going, Spartan tented camps and campsites within the game reserve are the best choice. Game walks and night game runs were tests to our brav
14、ery! Night fails quickly in the tropics and as the temperature drops, the campfire becomes the focus of your tour. You can keep count of the sightings of mammals, reptiles and birds. Insects and hyenas provide the background music while the night sky is a symphony of stars.Lake Naivasha, Magadi, Vic
15、toria and Elementaita are accessible from the Maasai Mara Game reserve. Kenyas priceless treasury of wildlife owes its existence to contrasts in the country s terrain, which ranges from ruffed snow covered peaks of Mount Kenya, the Highland, the Great Rift Valley and its lakes as well as the sunburn
16、t sands of the coast. Each of these geographical regions is home to different types of wildlife that are unique to each area.Kenya has an amazing wealth of bird life. We could get to see many bird species in Kenya. This again is due to its variety of habitats. Many migratory birds are also spotted h
17、ere. According to our guide, more than six million birds migrate to Kenya during the Northern Hemisphere winter. These migrants along with the local species of birds make Kenya an ornithological paradise.6 When does the migration of wildebeests reach Maasai Mara?（A）Between August and October.（B） In
18、late June of the year.（C） During the Northern Hemisphere winter.（D）Form June to October.7 What does the phrase “abound with“(Para. 1)mean?（A）Restrict with.（B） Have in large numbers.（C） Be connected with.（D）Depend on.8 Why is there such a variety of wildlife in Kenya?（A）Because there are many lakes i
19、n Kenya.（B） Because Kenya is a tropical country.（C） Because Kenya consists of different geographical regions.（D）Because Kenya has a game reserve.9 Why are there many bird species in Kenya?（A）Because it is an ornithological paradise.（B） Because it has many lakes.（C） Because it is winter in the northe
20、rn hemisphere.（D）Because it has a variety of habitats.10 Which of the following statements about Maasai Mara is NOT true?（A）Visitors can see various mammals, reptiles and birds there.（B） There are only Spartan tented camps to live in for visitors.（C） At night visitors can hear the voice of insects a
21、nd hyenas there.（D）The sun falls very early in Maasai Mara.10 In only two decades Asian American have become the fastest-growing US minority. As their children began moving up through the nation s schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are re
22、flected in the nation s best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U.
23、 S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more immediate in something like eng
24、ineering than with an arts degree.Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend mo
25、re time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds success, such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.Both explanations for academic success worry Asian-Americans because of fears th
26、at they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation . Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.11 While making tremendous achievements at college,
27、 Asian-American students _.（A）feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English（B） are afraid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian character（C） still worry about unfair treatment in society（D）generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents12 What are the majo
28、r factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?（A）A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.（B） Hard work and intelligence.（C） Hard help and a limited knowledge of English.（D）Asian culture and the American educational system.13 Few Asian-American students major in human scie
29、nces mainly because_ .（A）their English is not good enough（B） they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas（C） there is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures（D）they know little about American culture and society14 Why do the two “explanations“(Para. 3)worry Asian
30、Americans?（A）They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general.（B） People would think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.（C） Asian-Americans would be a threat to other minorities.（D）American academic achievements have taken on too strong at Asian c
31、haracter.15 The author s tone in this passage is_.（A）sympathetic（B） doubtful（C） critical（D）objective15 Do we need laws that prevent us from running risks with our lives? If so, then perhaps laws are needed prohibiting the sale of cigarettes and alcoholic drink. Both products have been known to kill
32、people. The hazards of drinking too much alcohol are as bad or worse than the hazards of smoking too many cigarettes. All right then, let s pass a law closing the liquor stores and the bars in this country. Let s put an end once and for all to the ruinous disease from which as many as 10 million Ame
33、ricans currently sufferalcoholism.But wait, weve already tried that. For 13 years, between 1920 and 1933, there were no liquor stores anywhere in the United States. They were shut down abolished by an amendment to the Constitution(the 18th)and by a law of Congress(the Volstead Act). After January 20
34、, 1920, there was supposed to be no more manufacturing, selling, or transporting of “intoxicating liquors“. Without any more liquor, people could not drink it, and if they did not drink it, how could they get drunk? There would be no more dangers to the public welfare from drunkenness and alcoholism
35、. It was all very logical. And yet prohibition of liquor, beer, and wine did not work. Why?Because, law or no law, millions of people still liked to drink alcohol. And they were willing to take risks of getting it. They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the
36、 law. And gangs of liquor smugglers made it easy to buy an illegal drink. They smuggled millions of gallons of the outlawed beverages across the Canadian and Mexican Borders. Drinkers were lucky to know of an illegal bar that served Mexican or Canadian liquor . Crime and drunkenness were both suppos
37、ed to decline as a result of prohibition. Instead people drank more alcohol than everoften poisoned alcohol.On December 5, 1933, they repealed prohibition by ratifying the 21st Amendment to the Constitution.16 Which of the following was NOT a characteristic reason for the proposal of the 18 th Amend
38、ment to the Constitution and the Volstead Act?（A）There would be no further danger to the public from alcoholism.（B） There would be a rise in the cost of alcoholic beverages.（C） Without liquor, people would not drink.（D）People wouldnt become drunk or create a public nuisance.17 During prohibition, il
39、legal alcohol was_.（A）sold openly（B） no longer a temptation（C） a major factor in the passage of the Volstead Act（D）brought across the Mexican and Canadian borders18 When enacting the prohibition laws, people_.（A）lived in fear of the law（B） were willing to risk of arresting for the pleasure of liquor
40、（C） recklessly endangered their communities（D）were respectful of the legal sanctions placed on them19 When enacting the prohibition laws, government officials assumed that_.（A）every American would buy alcohol illegally（B） all criminal activities would cease（C） patrols of the Canadian border would ha
41、lt the sale of alcohol（D）the social threat from drunkenness would decline20 It can be inferred from the passage that_.（A）the Congress was wise to repeal prohibition（B） the prohibition was characterized by a decrease in crime and drunkenness（C） during prohibition, most Americans stopped drinking（D）la
42、ws should be passed to ban the sale of alcoholic beverage专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 12 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark
43、your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章第一段：“The decline in moralstandardshas at last captured the attention ofaverage Americans”可知，Elshtain 教授看到美国人已开始意识到道德标准的下降而感到高兴。故选 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第三段中“The thought thatImin it for me
44、has become deeply rooted in thenational consciousness”可判断，美国社会道德标准下降的原因是人们太以自我为中心了。因此正确答案为 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第四段第一句：“thedisintegration of traditional communities，in whichneighbors looked out for one another”可知，传统社区的特点是邻里之间能相互关照。因此正确答案为 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从文章第五段最后一句：“unheard
45、of in the 1950s，such as classroom violence”可知，在 20 世纪 50 年代，班级暴力是闻所未闻的事。故选A。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章最后一段：“Moral decline will notbe reversed until people find ways to counter thematerialism in society”说明，如果想改变目前道德标准下降的状况，就应该想方设法扭转物质主义者的思想，即不要太注重物质方面的事情，因此正确答案为 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 A
46、【试题解析】 从文章第一段第二句：“somethingnot to be missed especially if youre visitingKenya between August and October”可知，每年八月到十月在Maasai Mara 会出现世界上最为壮观的牛羚迁移景观。故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据上下文判断“abound with”意思为“拥有、富有”，具体表示该地区拥有大量的鸟类。因此选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据文章第三段第二句：“Kenyaspriceless treasury of w
47、ildlife owes its existence tocontrasts in the countrys terrain”可知，由于 Kenya 这一地域拥有反差强烈的不同的地理环境，因此会有大量的野生动物。故正确答案为 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章最后一段第三句：“This again isdue to its variety of habitats”说明，多样的栖息环境吸引了各类鸟类的到来。因此正确答案为 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第二段的介绍可知 B 项与原文的意思不符。第二段首句：“Maasai Mara h
48、as agood range of accommodation from five-star lodgesto luxurytended camps”就告诉我们，MaasaiMara 拥有一系列的等级不同的野营站。因此选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解11 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章最后一段第一句提到：“Bothexplanations for academic success worry Asian-Americans because of fears that they feed a typicalracial image”即亚裔美国人尽管在许多方面取得很大成绩，
49、但仍担心的是种族问题。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从文章第一段第四句：“Asian-American students who began their educationabroad arrived in the US with a solid grounding inmathemhtics”和第二段内容可知 A 正确，其他几个选项文中都没有明确提及。【知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第一段最后一句可推知，亚裔学生认为在数学和科学领域会得到较公正的对待，而在人文领域会受到不公正的对待。因此正确答案为 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从第三段第二句：“Many can rememberwhen Chinese，Japanese and Filipino immigrantswere the victims of social isolation”可知，中国、日本、菲律宾移民曾为社会疏离的受害者，这正是亚裔美国人所担心的。故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解15 【正
