1、SAE AIR*L94 90 W 8357340 0050973 O W AEROSPACE INFORMATION TfieEngineenrigsOciety e* =For Advancing Mobility ad sea Airami- INTERNATIONAL 400 Commonwealh Drive, Warendale, PA 1596-i REPORT Submitted for recognition as an American National Standard BALL-ON-CYLINDER (BOC) AIRCRAFT TURBINE FUEL LUBRICI
2、TY TESTER - AIR1794 Issued 1990-05 Superseding MAP1794 1. SCOPE: 1.1 Thi s metric Aerospace Information Report (AIR) detai 1 s a bal 1-on-cy1 i nder (BOO test device and specifies a method of rating the relative lubricity of aviation turbine fuel samples. The BOC produces a wear scar on a stationary
3、 steel ball by forcing it with a fixed load against a fuel wetted steel test ring in a controlled atmosphere, The test ring is rotated at a fixed speed so its surface is wetted by a momentary exposure to the fluid under test. The size of the wear scar is a measure of the test fluid lubricity and pro
4、vides a basis for predicting friction or wear problems. This ARP is intended as a guide toward a standard practice, but may be subject to frequent change reflecting experience and technical advances. Use of this AIR is not recommended where flexibility of revision is impractical. and technology shou
5、ld contact the Coordinating Research Counci 1 (CRC) Aviation Group on Aviation Fuel Lubricity. Anyone interested in current information on BOC developments 1.2 Field of Application: To rate the lubricity of turbine fue test or to determine fuel lubricity. s for the low lubricity pump endurance NOTE:
6、 This document, SAE ARP1797, and AIR4027 are complementary documents on the subject of aircraft turbine fuel low lubricity.) SAE Technical Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely volunta
7、ry, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.“ SAE reviews each technical report at least every written comments and suggestions. Copyright 1990 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. All
8、rights reserved. five years at which time it I be reaffirmed, revised, 01 . cancelled. SAE ii ivites your Printed in U.SA. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-, SAE AIRxL774 70 W 8357340 00
9、50974 2 Is EAE Jw AIR1794 1.3 Background: In recent years an increasing amount of lower grade crude oil has been used in the production of aircraft turbine fuel. remove the sulfur and polar constituents of the crude oil. quality hydro-refined fuel products have very poor lubricating properties. Thes
10、e low lubricity fuels have caused friction and wear problems in aircraft components. The BOC tester will be increasingly essential to monitor fuel lubricity for fuel system component development tests, production screening tests and field use. Hydrogen refining techniques Some high 2. REFERENCES : 2
11、.1 Applicable Documents: Related SAE Documents: ARP1797 Aircraft and Aircraft Engine Fuel Pump Low Lubricity AIR4027 Aircraft Turbine Engine Fuel Low Lubricity Information SAE 8720 Steel Fluid Endurance Test Report The following documents form a part of this AIR: MIL-1-25017 Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lub
12、ricity Improver, Fuel Soluble ASTM D 329 Acetone ASTM D 770 Isopropyl Alcohol ASTM D 1016 Iso-octane ASTM D 4306 ANSI B3.12 Metal Bal 1 s AIS1 E52100 Chromium Alloy Steel Practice for Sampling Aviation Fuel for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination 2.2 Definitions, Symbols, and Abbreviations: LUBRIC
13、ITY: produced on a stationary ball from contact with the fuel wetted rotating cylinder operating under closely controlled conditions. CYLINDER: Falex ring and mandrel assembly. Property of the fluid, measured by the wear scar in millimeters, BOC: also known as BOCM, BOCLE (ball-on-cylinder lubricity
14、 evaluator) and more recently BORLE (ball-on-ring lubricity evaluator). Common acronym for versions of the Fuery ball-on-cylinder machine, is RH: Relative humidity of air. WSD: Wear scar “diameter,“ in millimeters, which is the dimensional average of the major and minor axes of the ball wear scar el
15、lipse. WEAR TRACK: The width of the wear mark in millimeters on the test ring. n - Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE AIR*1794 90 M 8357340 0050975 4 W asa= - AIR1794 3. TEST REQUIREME
16、NTS : 3.1 Apparatus: (Reference Figures 1 and 2.) 3.1.1 Ball-On-Cylinder Fuel Lubricity Tester: The BOC fuel lubricity tester is shown in Figures 1 and 2. The original BOC tester was designed by Exxon Research and Engineering Company of Linden, NJ. It was based on the “Fuery Ball-On-Cylinder Test Ma
17、chine“. A derivative of the Exxon design was made by Woodward Governor Company, Aircraft Engineering Department, Rockford, IL. This version beefed up the ball vise, the beam and support, eliminated a problem ridden “friction“ measuring feature, provided spring-loaded bearings and larger diameter man
18、drel axle. A number of BOC testers have been made from nonproprietary Woodward drawings. of this design is commercially available in a complete system as p/n BOC-100 from Inter-Av, San Antonio, TX. A recent configuration change has been the adoption of a case hardened steel test ring on a mandrel in
19、 place of the test “cylinder“. This change has been made to provide better accuracy and repeatability. the BOC reservoir base shall be 25C r 1. A version 3.1.2 Constant Temperature Control: The temperature of flowing water through 3.1.3 Hygrometer: The hygrometer shall be capable of measuring the RH
20、 of purge air to visually inspect, and store in des 3.5.2.2 Balls - Initial Cleanup: The initial clean according to the following: a. Remove a 5-day supply of balls from the ccator . ng of balls shall be r storage container. b. Place them in a clean 500 cc beaker. Cover balls with a 50/50% volume mi
21、xture of iso-octane and isopropyl alcohol. c. Place the beaker in ultrasonic cleaner, turn it on, and clean for 15 min, and fresh solvent mixture. At the end of the second cycle, remove the balls from beaker, rinse with acetone, dry with clean compressed air, visually inspect and store in desiccator
22、. Remove the balls and repeat the cycle using a clean beaker -5- Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE AIRx1774 90 m 8357340 0050778 T AIR1 794 Ring: 3.5.2.3 Reservoir, Reservoir Cover, T
23、est Ring, Mandrel, Ball Chuck, Ball Lock the used test fluid from the a. After completion of each test run, pour reservoir into a waste container. b. Remove reservoir, test ring, and mandre c. Disassemble components and clean in an ultrason to 1 mixture of iso-octane and isopropyl alcoho with iso-oc
24、tane. Dry. Rinse with acetone. c cleaner us for 5 min. ng a 1 Rinse d. Reassemble components. e. Dry and store in a desiccator. 3.6 Calibration With Standard Reference Fluids: A Calibration is recommended at least weekly during activity or whenever a new test ring is installed. 3.6.1 Reference Fluid
25、 A: DCI-4A corrosion inhibitor (see appendix) shall be used for calibration and standardization of the BOC apparatus. wear scar of 0.57 mm f 0.04 with 10% RH purge air. A mixture of IS0 Par M and 30 ppm by weight of This mixture should produce a 3.6.2 Reference Fluid B: Shall consist of 100% IS0 Par
26、 MQ, a narrow cut isoparaffinic solvent (see Appendix A) shall be used for calibration and standardization of the BOC apparatus. This fluid should produce a wear scar of 0.85 mm 10.04 with 10% RH purge air. 3.7 Conditioning - Control of Purge Air RH: The water content or RH of a fuel sample has an e
27、ffect on the WSD generated on the ball during a test. The RH of a fuel sample during testing is determined by the RH of the purge air bubbled through the fluid during conditioning. After conditioning is completed, this flow is redirected to cover the sample during the actual test run. monitored by a
28、 precision hygrometer and controlled by mixing wet and dry air. RH of the purge air should be WARNING: A humidity level of 10% has been selected for classification of fuel for the SAE ARP1797 low lubricity fuel pump endurance test. The use of other humidity levels for endurance fuel classification m
29、ay result in the endurance fuel being significantly different in lubricity than the requirements were intended to provide. -6- Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE AIR*L774 90 83573rlO 0
30、050979 L W - AIR1794 3.8 Procedure: Summary of operating conditions for BOC lubricity tester: Ball load 1000 g normal load Test ring speed Test duration 30 min 4 1 Fuel volume 50 cc +. 1 (fuel should not contact the drive Fuel temperature 25C 5 1 Supply air Should contain less than 0.1 PPM hydrocarb
31、on Purge air RH = lo“/, +. 0.2 (see 3.7) Pretreatment of fuel in reservoir Purge air during test (500 g arm load) 240 rpm +. 1 shaft) and 50 ppm water Bubble 0.5 L/min (0.03 m3/h) for 30 min Flow 3.8 L/min (0.23 m3/h) over fuel sample 3.8.1 After completion of the cleaning procedures, locate the tes
32、t ball in the retainer ring, install them in the ball chuck, and lock in place. Position the balance arm so the test ball will be out of contact with the assembled test ring. micrometer, position the mandrel and test ring 1.0 mm from the previous wear track, or if starting new, the edge of the test
33、ring. micrometer away from the mandrel. Check the balance arm level position and adjust it as required. (Make sure the four spring washers on the shaft are assembled in the 00 position and the set screws are tightened on the flats of the shaft.) 3.8.2 Assemble the mandrel with test ring on the shaft
34、 and, using the Back the 3.8.3 Install the reservoir, fill it with test fuel obtained in accordance with ASTM D 4306, and start the purge air through the fuel. Start the motor and adjust the speed to 240 rpm. Continue this pretreatment for 30 min. 3.8.4 Switch the purge air so that it flows across t
35、he top of the fuel sample while leaving the motor running. Verify that the fuel temperature and humidity are correct. 3.8.5 Attach the 500 g weight to the balance arm (produces 1000 g loading at the ball contact point), carefully lower the arm so the ball contacts the test ring. Start the timer and
36、fill out entries in the test log sheet. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE AIRmL774 90 6357340 0050780 6 = -AC JCC AIR1794 3.8,6 Continue the test for 30 min. Carefully lift the balanc
37、e arm, and remove the weight. Shut off the motor, remove the reservoir cover, and the test bal 1. 3.8.7 Remove the reservoir and dispose of the used fuel Clean the equipment for the next run. 3.8.8 Remove the ball and retaining ring as a unit. 4. TEST RESULTS: 4.1 Calculation - Measurement of WSD: 4
38、.1.1 With the test ball still in the retainer rincr. into a waste container. ition the b 11 under th microscope at lOOX, turn on lighting, and focus on the ball surface at wear scar. reticule scale or using the mechanical controls measure the major and minor axes of the wear scar. If the wear scar h
39、as an irregular shape, estimate a superimposed ellipse, and record dimensions. 4.1.2 Adjust the long-wear axis parallel to one reticule cross line. Read 4.1.3 The reported WSD of each sample is the average in millimeters of the major and minor axes of the wear scar. WSD = (major axis + minor axis) /
40、 2. 5. REPORT: A report data sheet shall be used to record pertinent test data. Precise record keeping of test conditions is very important to accurately interpret test results, Recorded data as a minimum shall include: date, test ring number, wear track number, ball number, fuel type, source, test
41、load, fuel temperature, % RH, dimensions of wear scar axes, and calculated WSD. The change tc? a case hardened test ring has resulted in a significant increase in WSD for a given fuel. A fuel that produced a WSD of about 0.60 mm with the AIR1794 lcylinderl produces about 0.80 to 0.95 mm WSD with the
42、 AIR1794A Falex test ring. See the WSD comparison (Figure 3) included at the end of this document. an undesi rab1 e 1 ack of repeatabi 1 i ty , therefore, Figure 3 shoul d be regarded for historical reference only. Figure 3 represents data available (summer 88) and is subject to change. Revision “A“
43、 of ARP1797 will also contain a larger test ball WSD requirement. Results obtained with the cylinder were subject to PREPARED BY SUBCOMMITTEE AE-56, AIRCRAFT ENGINE FUEL SYSTEMS OF SAE COMMITTEE AE-5, AEROSPACE FUEL, OIL AND OXIDIZER SYSTEMS -8- Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under lice
44、nse with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE AIRm3794 90 W 8357340 0050983 T E -AC Jcc AIR1794 L5 B 5 . ic a -9- Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license
45、 from IHS-,-SAE AIR*1774 90 83573qO 0050982 L M Ele - AIR1794 t c I wo 30 8 vi QI e N I I r- oc W z a c 2 8 I E 2 o) -i L P 6 U Q % I- l 5 O 2 -I I N LL - 10 - Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from
46、 IHS-,-(JCC AIR1794 Lo “. Y O in ? Lo 4 Lo Lo ? O O Lo O O c4 O O a? O O (PTO) UJUJ - 3NIlA3 ailOS n Z 8 W E E I (3 z e Z W Y k 4 - 11 - Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE AIRmL94. 90
47、W 8357340 0050984 5 rc AIR1794 APPENDIX A Acceptable sources of some of the equlpment referenced in this procedure include: BALL-ON-CYLINDER LUBRICITY TESTER Inter-Av Incorporated P.O. Box 792228 San Antonio, TX 78279 51 21334-2785 ANSI 83.12 STANDARD TEST BALLS SKF Swedish, Part Number 310995 A, RB
48、 12.7, Grade 5 to 10 EP Finish, AIS1 52100 Alloy SKF Component Systems 1690 East Race Street Allentown, PA 18103 Attn. Pete Rainco 800 / 2 22-47 5 3 FALEX TEST RINGS, Part Number F-25061 BOC MANDREL, Part Number M-O Fa 1 e x Cor por at i on 2055 Comprehensive Drive Aurora, IL 60505 Attn. Andy Favi 1
49、 le 312/851-7660 IS0 PAR M Exxon Company USA P.O. Box 2180 Houston, TX 77001 DCI-4A CORROSION INHIBITOR E I DuPont 10th and Market Street Wilmington, DE 19898 3021774-242 1 - 12 - Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-
