1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside U
4、SA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2913_201102SURFACEVEHICLESTANDARDJ2913 FEB2011 Issued 2011-02 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf Refrigerant
5、Electronic Leak Detectors, Minimum Performance Criteria RATIONALE The need to reduce R-1234yf emissions has led to improved designs of mobile air conditioning systems, including smaller refrigerant charges and tighter seals to better contain the smaller charges. That in turn has created the need for
6、 a generation of leak detectors capable of finding very small to moderate leaks, both to address environmental concerns for effective leak detection and repair in service, and to enhance customer satisfaction by identifying all leaks that are of repairable sizes. 1. SCOPE This SAE Standard provides
7、testing and functional requirements to meet specified minimum performance criteria for electronic probe-type leak detectors. The equipment specified here will identify smaller refrigerant leaks when servicing motor vehicle air conditioning systems, including those engineered with improved sealing an
8、d smaller refrigerant charges to address environmental concerns and increase system efficiency. This document does not address any safety issues concerning the equipment design or use beyond that of sampling a flammable refrigerant save those described in 3.1 and 3.2 of this document. All requiremen
9、ts of this standard shall be verified in SAE J2911. 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this SAE Standard is to establish minimum performance criteria for a modern class of electronic probe- type leak detectors intended for use in automotive air conditioning systems with R-1234yf, an A2 flammable refrigerant
10、. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Publications The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warr
11、endale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J639 Safety Standards for Motor Vehicle Refrigerant Vapor Compression Systems SAE J2791 Minimum Performance Criteria for Electronic Refrigerant HFC-134a Leak Detectors SAE J2845 Technician
12、 Training for Safe Service and Containment of Refrigerants Used in Mobile A/C Systems (R-744, and R-1234yf) Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2913 Issued FEB2011 Page 2 of 13SAE J2
13、911 Certification Requirements for Mobile Air Conditioning System Components, Service Equipment, and Service Technicians to Meet SAE J Standards SAE J1739 Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in Design (Design FMEA) and Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in Manufacturing and Assembly
14、 Processes (Process FMEA) and Effects Analysis for Machinery (Machinery FMEA) 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 The detector shall be tested to meet the performance specifications of this standard by an independent testing facility as defined in SAE J2911, and in accordance with the procedures set for i
15、n SAE J2911. The independent testing facility shall maintain all documentation related to its testing, including calibration and maintenance data for its equipment, for a period of five years following the test of the specific detector. 3.1.1 The manufacturer may state certification of compliance wi
16、th this Standard (including use of any labeling) only after meeting the requirements in SAE J2911 “Procedure for Certification That Requirements for Mobile Air Conditioning System Components, Service Equipment and Service Technicians Meet SAE J Standards”. See Appendix B. 3.2 The detector shall be s
17、uitable for use in safely identifying R-1234yf an A2 flammable refrigerant. As a safety factor against use of a more flammable refrigerant in vehicle service, the marketer shall certify that at peak sensitivity, the temperature anywhere within the detector does not exceed 400 C (752 F) so that ignit
18、ion cannot occur. This shall be verified by prolonged exposure of any component subject to producing high temperature to a flammable propane-air mixture, such as from a propane torch. 3.2.1 If any components may operate at that temperature or above, they shall meet ANSI/ISA 12.12.01 and/or be enclos
19、ed or housed in a location within the detector that will, in case of separation at any connections within the refrigerant sampling flow route, prevent refrigerant from coming into contact with same. 3.2.2 If any components, such as switches, solenoids and motors, come into contact with the refrigera
20、nt sample, they shall be of arc-suppression design as specified in ANSI/ISA12.12.01. 3.2.3 The detector shall be suitable for use in an automotive service garage and operate in ambient temperatures of 15 to 49 C (59 to 120 F). 3.3 The detector shall have at least three scales that can be manually se
21、lected: (1) 4 g/year (0.15 oz/year); (2) 7 g/year (0.25 oz/year); (3) 14 g/year (0.5 oz/year). 3.4 If it passes, the detector shall carry a label that states “Design certified by (name of independent testing laboratory) to meet SAE J2913 with lettering in bold face type at least 3 mm high. 3.5 If it
22、 does not pass, the detector may be retested subject to the limits of Section 10. If a detector fails beyond these retest limits, it may be retested only after the marketer has documented changes made to correct the failure and given the data to the independent testing laboratory. A detector shall p
23、ass the procedures in Sections 7 and 8. A failure in either or both of those sections requires a complete retest. The detector also shall meet the requirements of Section 9, passing the no-false-triggering requirement for transmission oil and engine oil (Nos. 14 and 15) and clearing within 20 s afte
24、r a permitted false-trigger. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2913 Issued FEB2011 Page 3 of 134. WHAT SHALL ACCOMPANY THE DETECTOR 4.1 The marketing company shall provide operatin
25、g instructions for the detector that cover calibration, normal usage, maintenance, trouble shooting and spare parts. 4.2 Tools, adapters and needed adjustment and calibration devices (including calibration and/or reference bottles) for the detector shall be included with the detector. 4.3 The market
26、ing company shall provide all needed safety information and labeling. 4.4 The marketing company shall provide the Section 10 list of all common under hood chemicals that may affect the operation of an electronic leak detector and indicate by Y if this detector will false-trigger from exposure to eac
27、h of the chemicals on the list, or N if it will not false-trigger. 4.5 The resistance to false triggering shall be based on the test procedures described in Section 9. False triggering is defined as the detector making the same or similar indication (sound and/or light) as if it detected a refrigera
28、nt leak. 5. REQUIRED BASIC FUNCTIONS 5.1 The detector may self-calibrate or require manual calibration, but once calibrated for an operation, it shall hold that calibration for a time sufficient to perform the operations described in Sections 7 and 8 (including 8.1 to 8.6). This does not preclude au
29、tomatic recalibration for a probe that has been inserted into a contaminated atmosphere (as per Section 8), readjustment of sensitivity by operator selection, or an audible-and-or-visual warning of a condition beyond the operating scope of its design. The latter shall be obviously different from the
30、 indication of a refrigerant leak, although the same functional trigger may be used. Example: a steady indicator light versus a flashing indicator light.5.2 The detector shall demonstrate automotive garage durability by continuing to function normally after being dropped 1.2 m (4 ft) to a hard surfa
31、ce, such as a concrete floor, four times. This test may be performed with the detector in a protective caddy, provided the caddy is a standard part of the basic detector kit, and does not affect in-shop use of the detector, or testing of the detector under all procedures in Sections 7, 8, 9, and 10.
32、 5.3 The detector shall demonstrate automotive garage durability by continuing to function normally after being turned on and 5.3.1 The probe tip has been submerged to a depth of 6 mm (0.25 in) in a pan of water and drawn through the water at a rate of 75 mm (3 in) per second for 2 s and 5.3.2 Then,
33、 after wiping clean and given any other cleaning/maintenance prescribed by the manufacturer in its operating instructions manual, including but not limited to a sensor replacement or filter change. 6. LEAK DETECTION TEST EQUIPMENT 6.1 The testing shall be performed with the probe in a 610 mm (2 ft)
34、cube clear sealed chamber as described in the appendix, Figures A1 and A2. A chamber built to conform to SAE J2791 is suitable. 6.1.1 Illustrations and details of the chamber are described in the Appendix. A vertical wall of the chamber shall have a slot 200 mm (8 in) wide or wider, and large enough
35、 for a probe from an externally mounted detector to go through. The slot opening shall be sealed with 6.1.2 Overlapping strips of a rubber material that conforms sufficiently around the probe to maintain the specified level of contaminated atmosphere, or 6.1.3 A butt joint of conforming rubber seals
36、 with additional sealing from face seals on the detector probe neck that are in contact with the butt joint. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2913 Issued FEB2011 Page 4 of 136.1.4
37、 Any other slot sealing method that provides the chamber sealing required for Section 8. The rubber strips and face seals may be lubricated to provide smooth movement of the probe and any surrounding brace as described in 6.3. 6.1.5 The chamber shall have an access door large enough to insert a cali
38、brated leak standard, a cylindrical sleeve or round-hole access point for a gas-tight syringe and a built-in mixing fan (120 V, approximately 40 cfm) to circulate an injection of refrigerant gas to produce uniform distribution of injected gas for a contaminated atmosphere test. The chamber should ha
39、ve a provision for attaching a vacuum source (such as a small household vacuum motor) to permit rapid clearing of the chamber following a contaminated atmosphere test. The cylindrical sleeve or round-hole access shall include a sealing plug or other provision for sealing following use of the gas-tig
40、ht syringe. 6.1.6 The four calibrated leak standards used for the tests shall be calibrated per methods and instruments per the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Washington, DC 20234, and the standards shall be rated accurate to within 20%. The leak rates shall be in common units -14 g
41、/year (0.5 oz/year), 7 g/year (0.25 oz/year), 4 g/year (0.15 oz/year) and 2 g/year (0.0625 oz/year). The leak standards shall contain 100% R-1234yf. The standards or their mounting locations in the chamber shall ensure the base of the standard is 75 mm (3 in) or more from the floor of the chamber. T
42、his is to provide a sufficient drop for refrigerant coming from the leak standard orifice, to minimize refrigerant puddling around the orifice and/or orifice shroud if used. To mitigate testing inconsistency from possible air turbulence caused by the moving probe, the leak standards may be equipped
43、(as a certification test option) with a shroud around the orifice port. The shroud protrusion from the orifice port shall be no more than 6 mm +0/-0.2 mm (0.236 in +0/-0.01 in). A view of a sample configuration, with dimensions within those ranges is shown in the Appendix, as Figure A3. If a shroud
44、is used with any leak standard, this shroud also shall be used with all other leak standards for certification of a detector. This shall be verified that the calibrated leak standards have been tested as accurate and have not been tampered with in any way. 6.1.7 The detector shall be mounted on a ta
45、ble with a moving platform, designed to produce a horizontal reciprocating motion of at least 150 mm (6 in), and a motor drive adjusted to move the platform so the probe tip passes the specified calibrated leak at a rate of 75 mm (3 in) per second, from a distance of 9.5 mm (3/8 in) per 7.2 All movi
46、ng probe tests in this standard shall be performed at that rate as the probe passes the orifice of the calibrated leak standard. The platform shall stop at each end of its travel for no less than eight, no more than 10 s. The stop may be manually controlled by a test operator or performed automatica
47、lly with a switch at each end-of-travel and a timer. A table that was built to conform to requirements for SAE J2791 is suitable. 6.2 It is necessary to hold steady the detectors flexible neck and probe, as the detector probe moves side to side through the sealed slot in the vertical wall of the cha
48、mber. If the design of the flex neck requires, this may be done by adding to the platform a brace (may be C or U channel) sized to hold the flex neck and probe securely, and long enough to protrude through the slot to within a distance conveniently short of the 9.5 mm (3/8 in) from the orifice of th
49、e calibrated leak. 7. DETECTOR REQUIRED PERFORMANCE AND TEST PROCEDURE 7.1 Begin all testing for a single detector with a chamber cleared of refrigerant from any previous testing. Give the calibrated leak standard any maintenance/cleaning prescribed by the manufacturer. Perform the leakage rate tests separately, with the specific calibrated leak st
