1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21964-2 SANS 112:2009Edition 2ISO 648:2008Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Laboratory glassware Single volume pipettes This nation
4、al standard is the identical implementation of ISO 648:2008, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co
5、.za SABS SANS 112:2009 Edition 2 ISO 648:2008 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 48, Laboratory equipment, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 o
6、f the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in September 2009. This SANS document supersedes SABS 112:1977 (edition 1). Reference numberISO 648:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO648Second edition2008-10-15Laboratory glassware Single-volume pipettes Verrerie de laboratoire Pipett
7、es un volume SANS 112:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 648:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall no
8、t be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adob
9、e is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO m
10、ember bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form o
11、r by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
12、E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedSANS 112:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 648:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1
13、 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Basis of adjustment 2 4.1 Unit of volume. 2 4.2 Delivery volume 2 4.3 Reference temperature. 2 5 Types and classes of accuracy. 2 5.1 Classes of accuracy . 2 5.2 Types of single-volume pipette . 2 6 Maximum permissible errors. 3 7 Construction
14、 3 7.1 Material 3 7.2 Shape . 3 7.3 Bulb 3 7.4 Dimensions 4 7.5 Top of pipette 5 7.6 Delivery jet. 5 7.7 Delivery time 5 7.8 Waiting time. 6 8 Graduation line(s) . 6 9 Setting of the meniscus . 6 10 Marking 6 11 Visibility of graduation lines, figures and inscriptions. 7 12 Colour coding 7 Bibliogra
15、phy . 8 SANS 112:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 648:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
16、member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern
17、mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Di
18、rectives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member b
19、odies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 648 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 48, Laboratory equipment, Su
20、bcommittee SC 6, Laboratory and volumetric ware. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 648:1977), which has been technically revised to incorporate the following modifications: a) single-volume pipettes with two marks have been added; b) the waiting time for pipettes Class
21、AS has been reduced to 5 s; c) dimensions have been modified; d) the nominal volume of 200 ml has been deleted. SANS 112:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 648:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1
22、Laboratory glassware Single-volume pipettes 1 Scope This International Standard specifies metrological and constructional requirements for volumetric pipettes with one mark (total delivery) and for volumetric pipettes with two marks, both of which are adequate for general laboratory purposes. The de
23、tails specified are in conformity with the principles of design and construction of volumetric glassware given in ISO 384. NOTE For graduated pipettes, see ISO 835. For piston-operated pipettes, see ISO 8655-2. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the appli
24、cation of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 384:1978, Laboratory glassware Principles of design and construction of volumetric glassware ISO 719, Glass Hyd
25、rolytic resistance of glass grains at 98 C Method of test and classification ISO 1769, Laboratory glassware Pipettes Colour coding ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitio
26、ns apply. 3.1 delivery volume volume of liquid discharged from the pipette NOTE Due to retention of liquid on the inner surface of the volumetric instrument, the volume of liquid delivered is not identical with the volume of liquid contained by the volumetric instrument. 3.2 delivery time time requi
27、red for the descent of the liquid meniscus from the graduation line to the point at which the meniscus appears to come to rest in the jet for one-mark pipettes and from the upper graduation line to the lower graduation line for two-mark pipettes 3.3 waiting time time to be observed after apparent co
28、mpletion of the liquid delivery of the volumetric instrument NOTE A waiting time applies for Class AS single-volume pipettes (see Clause 5 and 7.8). SANS 112:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 648:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All r
29、ights reserved4 Basis of adjustment 4.1 Unit of volume The unit of volume shall be the millilitre (ml), which is equivalent to one cubic centimetre (cm3). 4.2 Delivery volume Single-volume pipettes shall be adjusted with water of grade 3 quality, in accordance with to ISO 3696, to deliver their nomi
30、nal volume (Ex). The delivery should be under gravity and unrestricted. For details, see 7.7 and 7.8. 4.3 Reference temperature The standard reference temperature, i.e. the temperature at which the pipette is intended to deliver its nominal volume, shall be 20 C. When the pipette is required for use
31、 in a country which has adopted a standard reference temperature of 27 C (the alternative recommended in ISO 384 for tropical use), this figure shall be substituted for 20 C. 5 Types and classes of accuracy 5.1 Classes of accuracy Two classes of accuracy are specified: Class A and AS for the higher
32、grade; Class B for the lower grade. 5.2 Types of single-volume pipette The following two types of single-volume pipettes are specified: those for which no waiting time is specified (Classes A and B); those for which a waiting time of 5 s is specified (Class AS). SANS 112:2009This s tandard may only
33、be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 648:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 36 Maximum permissible errors Maximum permissible errors in the delivered volume shall not exceed the limits specified in Table 1. Table 1 Nominal volumes and maximum permis
34、sible errors Maximum permissible error Nominal volume Class A and AS Class B ml ml ml 0,5 0,005 0,010 1 0,008 0,015 2 0,010 0,02 5 0,015 0,03 10 0,02 0,04 20 0,03 0,06 25 0,03 0,06 50 0,05 0,10 100 0,08 0,15 The relationships between maximum permissible error and nominal volume, as well as between m
35、aximum permissible error and meniscus diameter as given in ISO 384:1978, Annex A and Annex B, shall be observed. For the maximum permissible errors of single-volume pipettes with intermediate nominal volumes between those given in Table 1, the value for the nearest nominal volume shall apply. If the
36、 intermediate volume is exactly halfway between those given in Table 1, the value for the next greater nominal volume shall apply. 7 Construction 7.1 Material Single-volume pipettes shall be manufactured from glass of chemical resistance and thermal properties at least to HGB3 in accordance with ISO
37、 719, shall be as free as possible from visible defects and reasonably free from internal stress. 7.2 Shape Pipettes of 0,5 ml nominal volume shall consist of a straight tube with a jet at the lower end. Pipettes of nominal volume 1 ml and 2 ml may be of similar straight tube pattern or may alternat
38、ively be of bulb pattern, as described herein for the larger sizes. All larger pipettes shall consist of a bulb with suction and delivery tubes, the three portions being straight and coaxial. 7.3 Bulb The main portion of the bulb shall be cylindrical, except that 1 ml and 2 ml nominal-volume pipette
39、s may have an oval bulb if desired. The two ends of the bulb shall merge gradually into the suction and delivery tubes, the junctions being of tapered formation to facilitate drainage. SANS 112:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SA
40、BS .ISO 648:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved7.4 Dimensions Single-volume pipettes shall comply with the dimensional requirements shown in Tables 2, 3 and 4. Table 2 Dimensions Nominal volume ml Dimensions mm 0,5 1 2 5 10 20 25 50 100 Overall length max. 300 325 350 410 450 520 530 550 600 Inte
41、rnal diameter at the graduation line max. 2,5 3,5 4,5 4,5 5 5,5 5,5 6 7,5 Length of suction tube valid only for bulb pattern pipettes min. 150 150 150 160 170 170 170 170 Length of delivery tube valid only for bulb pattern pipettes min. 110 125 145 160 210 220 230 240 External diameter of delivery t
42、ube valid only for bulb pattern pipettes 1 5 6 6,5 7 7 7 8 9 External diameter of bulb valid only for bulb pattern pipettes max. 9 9 12 16 22 24 30 38 External diameter of tube valid only for straight pattern pipettes max. 5 6 7 Table 3 Dimensions applying to all nominal volumes of one-mark pipettes
43、 Dimension Size mm Distance of graduation line from top of pipette min. 100 Distance from graduation line to top of bulba min. 10 Distance from graduation line to tip of jet valid only for straight pattern pipettes min. 110 Wall thickness bulb pattern pipettes straight pattern pipettes min. min. 0,6
44、 0,8 aTop of bulb relates to the point at which the suction tube begins to expand into the bulb.SANS 112:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 648:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5Table 4 Dimensions applying to all nomi
45、nal volumes of two-mark pipettes Dimension Size mm Distance of upper graduation line from top of pipette min. 100 Distance from upper graduation line to top of bulba min. 10 Distance from upper graduation line to tip of jet valid only for straight pattern pipettes min. 110 Distance from lower gradua
46、tion line to bottom of bulba min. 20 Distance from lower graduation line to tip of jet min. 30 Wall thickness bulb pattern pipettes straight pattern pipettes min. min. 0,6 0,8 aTop of bulb and bottom of bulb relate to the points at which the suction tube and the delivery tube begin to expand into th
47、e bulb.7.5 Top of pipette The top of the single-volume pipette shall lie in a plane at right angles to the axis of the pipette and shall be free from any blemishes which might interfere with the required accurate control by a mechanical device or by the finger in setting the meniscus. The end may be
48、 lightly fire-polished or smoothly ground with a slight bevel on the outside. 7.6 Delivery jet The lower end of the pipette shall terminate either in a delivery jet having a smooth and gradual taper or in a capillary end, both without sudden constriction at the orifice which could give rise to turbu
49、lent outflow. The end of the jet may be finished by grinding or machine tooling and may be fire-polished. 7.7 Delivery time For testing of the delivery time, the clean pipette shall be held in a vertical position and filled with de-ionized water to a few millimetres above the (upper) graduation line; the falling meniscus shall then be set to this line. Any drop adhering to the jet of the pipette shall be removed by bringing the surface of a glass vessel into cont
