1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22932-0 SANS 149:2009Edition 2.4SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Absorbent cotton wool and cotton-and-viscose wool products Published by SA
4、BS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 1994 Amended to correct an error in table 3. Amdt 2 1999 Amended to update a test met
5、hod, to change the requirement for water-soluble-matter content and to delete the requirements for ash content. Amdt 3 2004 Amended to change the designation of SABS standards to SANS standards, to change the definition of “acceptable“, to update a referenced standard, and to change the numbering of
6、 the bibliography. Amdt 4 2009 Amended to update referenced standards. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 1004K, Textiles Surgical dressings, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement
7、. This document was published in June 2009. This document supersedes SANS 149:2004 (edition 2.3). A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been technically modified by amendment No. 4. Annex A forms an integral part of this standard. Annexes B and C are for information only. SANS 149:2
8、009 Edition 2.4 1 Contents Page Foreword 1 Scope . 3 2 Normative references . 3 3 Definitions 4 4 Requirements . 4 5 Packing and marking . 6 6 Inspection and methods of test 7 6.1 Inspection 7 6.2 Test specimens . 7 6.3 Net mass and size . 7 6.4 Thickness (discs and swabs only) 8 6.5 Fibre compositi
9、on 8 6.6 Absorption rate 8 6.7 Effect of heat . 8 6.8 Freedom from oxidizing substances . 8 6.9 Water-soluble-matter content 8 6.10 Deleted by amendment No. 2. 8 6.11 pH value of aqueous extract . 8 6.12 Freedom from dyes (bleached products only) 8 6.13 Freedom from fluorescence 8 6.14 Bleeding of c
10、olour (dyed products only) 8 6.15 Steam sterilization (bleached products only) 8 Annex A (normative) Notes to purchasers . 9 Annex B (informative) Recommended fibre properties 9 Annex C (informative) Quality verification of absorbent cotton wool and cotton-and-viscose wool products . 10 Annex D Dele
11、ted by amendment No. 3. . 10 Bibliography 10 Amdt 3 SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 3 Absorbent cotton wool and cotton-and-viscose wool products 1 Scope This standard specifies requirements for three types of cotton wool or cotton-and-visco
12、se wool products in the form of balls, compressed discs and compressed swabs and suitable for hospital or domestic use. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
13、references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division. SANS 70, Conditioning of textiles and standard temperate atmosphere for determining thei
14、r physical and mechanical properties. SANS 85, Thickness of wool fabrics. SANS 228, Absorbent cotton wool SANS 3071/ISO 3071, Textiles Determination of pH of aqueous extract. Amdt 4 SANS 5249, Determination of the absorbency rate of absorbent cotton wool. SANS 5250, Water-soluble matter content of t
15、extiles. SANS 5251, Effect of heat on absorbent cotton wool. SANS 5252, Determination of the presence of oxidizing substances in surgical dressings. SANS 5256, Presence of dyes in absorbent cotton wool. SANS 5315, Colour-bleeding (in water) of textile shoe laces. SANS 10004, Terms and definitions fo
16、r textiles and textile merchandise. SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 4 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions given in SANS 10004 and the following definitions apply. 3.1 acceptable acceptable to the authority administering this standard, or to the parties concluding the purchase
17、contract, as relevant Amdt 3 3.2 lot the quantity of packages of balls, discs or swabs of the same type and size, bearing the same batch identification, from one manufacturer, and submitted at any one time for inspection and testing 4 Requirements 4.1 General Cotton wool and cotton-and-viscose wool
18、products shall be in the form of balls, discs or swabs, as required; in the case of products for hospital use, be bleached and in the case of products for domestic use, be bleached or dyed, as required; be of acceptably uniform make and, in any one lot, of acceptably uniform mass and size; be free f
19、rom impurities that may impair their serviceability and free from pieces of thread, leaf, shell, seed coat and fibre dust; and be packed in a clean and commercially dry condition. 4.2 Type The product shall be of one of the types given in table 3, as required. 4.3 Colour In the case of dyed products
20、, the colour shall be as required. 4.4 Net mass 4.4.1 Balls The net mass of the balls in a package, determined in accordance with 6.3.1, shall be as required. The net mass shall be a multiple of 25 g if the mass does not exceed 150 g and a multiple of 50 g if the mass exceeds 150 g. Provided the mea
21、n net mass of the packages in a lot is not less than the required net mass, the net mass of individual packages may be subject to a tolerance as given in table 1. SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 5 4.4.2 Discs The nominal mass of the discs in a package, determined in accordance with 6.3.1, shall be 30 g, u
22、nless otherwise required. Provided the mean net mass of the packages in a lot is not less than the required mass, a tolerance, as given in table 1, shall be permitted on individual packages. 4.4.3 Swabs The nominal mass of the swabs in a package, determined in accordance with 6.3.1, shall be 150 g,
23、unless otherwise required. Provided the mean net mass of the packages in a lot is not less than the required mass, a tolerance, as given in table 1, shall be permitted on individual packages. Table 1 Tolerance on individual packages 1 2 Net mass Tolerance g g 25 50 100tototo 50 100 2001,5 2,0 4,0 20
24、0 500 1 000toto 500 1 0007,0 10,0 15,0 4.5 Size 4.5.1 Balls The size of the balls shall be small, medium or maternity, as required. The average mass of balls of a particular size, determined in accordance with 6.3.2, shall comply with the relevant value given in table 2. Table 2 Size of balls 1 2 Si
25、ze Mass, min. g Small Medium Maternity 0,5 1,0 2,0 4.5.2 Discs Unless otherwise required, the average mass and the diameter of a disc, determined in accordance with 6.3.2, shall be 0,5 g and 60 mm, respectively. The thickness, determined in accordance with 6.4, shall be 3,0 mm 0,5 mm. 4.5.3 Swabs Un
26、less otherwise required, the average mass and the dimensions of a swab, determined in accordance with 6.3.2, shall be 1,5 g and 80 mm 80 mm, respectively. The thickness, determined in accordance with 6.4, shall be 3,0 mm 0,5 mm. SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 6 4.6 Specific requirements for balls, discs
27、or swabs The balls, discs or swabs shall comply with the appropriate requirements given in table 3. Table 3 Specific requirements for balls, discs or swabs 1 2 3 4 5 Requirement Property Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Test method subclause Fibre composition by mass, %, 6.5 Cotton . Viscose . 100 100 60 101)40
28、 101)Type of cotton wool First grade2)Second grade2)Absorption rate, s, max. 10 6.6 Effect of heat . The products shall not turn brown and shall not show any appreciable sign of disintegration 6.7 Freedom from oxidizing substances . No blue colour shall develop other than on neps 6.8 Water-soluble-m
29、atter content by mass, %, max. 6.9 Balls Discs and swabs 1,0 1,0 pH value of aqueous extract 7 2 6.11 Freedom from dyes: 6.12 Bleached products only The percolate may show a yellow colour, but no blue or green tint shall appear Freedom from fluorescence . Not more than the occasional point of intens
30、e blue fluorescence shall be visible 6.13 Dyed products only 6.14 Colour-bleeding in: a) water, rating, min. b) acetone, rating, min. . 4 5 4 5 1) Recommended values for cotton and viscose fibres are given in annex B. 2) Complying with SANS 228, except that when so required (see 4.1), they shall be
31、dyed. Amdt 1; amdt 24.7 Steam sterilization for bleached products only When so required for hospital usage, bleached cotton wool or cotton-and-viscose wool products shall be able to withstand sterilization under pressure of steam and, when tested in accordance with 6.15, shall show no appreciable de
32、terioration in appearance or in handle. 5 Packing and marking 5.1 Packing The balls, discs or swabs shall be packed as required. They shall be adequately protected (no waxed paper shall be used) against soiling and contamination and shall be packed as required. Unless otherwise required, swabs shall
33、 be packed in packages containing 100 swabs and discs shall be packed in packages containing 60 discs. Only balls or discs or swabs of the same type and size shall be packed together in a bulk container. SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 7 5.2 Marking 5.2.1 Packages The following information shall appear in
34、 legible and indelible marking on each package: a) the manufacturers name or trademark (or both); b) a description of the contents; c) the type and size, and whether bleached or dyed; d) the net mass of the contents; and e) the date of manufacture or a suitable batch identification number. 5.2.2 Bul
35、k containers The following information shall appear in legible and indelible marking on the outside of each bulk container, and shall be visible when the containers are stacked: a) the information required in terms of 5.2.1; and b) the quantity of packages. 5.2.3 Additional marking If so required, p
36、ackages or bulk containers (or both) may bear information additional to that specified in 5.2.1 and 5.2.2. 6 Inspection and methods of test 6.1 Inspection After checking for compliance with the relevant requirements of clause 5, visually examine the sample for compliance with the requirements of 4.1
37、. 6.2 Test specimens Condition each test sample in accordance with SANS 70 and then take from it the test specimens necessary for the tests given in 6.3 to 6.15 (as relevant). 6.3 Net mass and size 6.3.1 Net mass Determine (under standard conditions (SANS 70), to the nearest 1 g, the combined mass o
38、f the balls, discs or swabs in each package. 6.3.2 Size From the net mass and the number of balls, discs or swabs in each package, calculate the average mass of the individual balls, discs or swabs. Using a suitable graduated rule, measure the dimensions of discs or swabs to the nearest 1 mm. SANS 1
39、49:2009 Edition 2.4 8 6.4 Thickness (discs and swabs only) Use SANS 85, with a pressure foot of diameter 30 mm 1 mm and without any additional pressure being applied. 6.5 Fibre composition Determine by microscopical examination and chemical analysis. 6.6 Absorption rate Use SANS 5249. 6.7 Effect of
40、heat Use SANS 5251. 6.8 Freedom from oxidizing substances Use SANS 5252. 6.9 Water-soluble-matter content Use SANS 5250. 6.10 Deleted by amendment No. 2. 6.11 pH value of aqueous extract Use SANS 3071. Amdt 2; amdt 4 6.12 Freedom from dyes (bleached products only) Use SANS 5256. 6.13 Freedom from fl
41、uorescence Examine the balls, discs or swabs under a screened ultraviolet light that has a maximum output at a wavelength of 365 nm. 6.14 Bleeding of colour (dyed products only) Use SANS 5315 as specified, and then repeat the test on new specimens but use acetone in place of distilled water. 6.15 St
42、eam sterilization (bleached products only) Steam sterilize three test specimens at a temperature of 134 C for a period of 3 min. Use visual and tactile examination to determine any deterioration in appearance or in handle. SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 9 Annex A (normative) Notes to the purchasers The f
43、ollowing requirements shall be specified in tender invitations and in each order or contract: a) the form of product (i.e. balls, discs or swabs) and, in the case of products for domestic use, whether bleached or dyed (see 4.1); b) the type (see 4.2 and table 3); c) in the case of dyed products, the
44、 colour (see 4.3); d) in the case of balls, the net mass of the packages (see 4.4.1); e) in the case of discs or swabs, the net mass of the packages, if other than as specified (see 4.4.2 and 4.4.3); f) in the case of balls, the size (see 4.5.1); g) in the case of discs or swabs, the size, if other
45、than as specified (see 4.5.2 and 4.5.3); h) whether bleached products shall be able to withstand steam sterilization (see 4.7); i) the method of packing (see 5.1); and j) additional marking, if required (see 5.2.3). Annex B (informative) Recommended fibre properties In the case of type 3 products (s
46、ee table 3), the use of 10 mm staple length cotton and 3 dtex, 40 mm staple length viscose has been found to be suitable. SANS 149:2009 Edition 2.4 10 Annex C (informative) Quality verification of absorbent cotton wool and cotton-and-viscose wool products When a purchaser requires ongoing verificati
47、on of the quality of absorbent cotton wool and cotton-and-viscose wool products, it is suggested that, instead of concentrating solely on evaluation of the final product, he also direct his attention to the manufacturers quality system. In this connection it should be noted that SANS 9001 covers the
48、 provision of an integrated quality system. Amdt 2; amdt 3 Annex D Deleted by amendment No. 3. Bibliography SANS 9001/ISO 9001, Quality management systems Requirements. Amdt 2; amdt 3 SABS SABS Standards Division The objective of the SABS Standards Division is to develop, promote and maintain South
49、African National Standards. This objective is incorporated in the Standards Act, 2008 (Act No. 8 of 2008). Amendments and Revisions South African National Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of South African National Standards should ensure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. The SABS continuously strives to improve the quality of its products and services and would therefore be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this standard would inform the secre
