1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21216-2 SANS 2313:2008Edition 1ISO 2313:1972Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Textile fabrics Determination of the recovery from cr
4、easing of a horizontally folded specimen by measuring the angle of recovery This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 2313:1972 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenklo
5、of private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 2313:2008 Edition 1 ISO 2313:1972 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Comm
6、ittee StanSA SC 5110.04D, Textile test methods Physical tests, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in June 2008. This SANS document supersedes SABS SM 402:1973 (first revision). INTERNATIONAL STANDA
7、RD 2313 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION .MEXAYHAPOAHAII OPTAHM3ALWI n0 CTAHAAPTki3ALUiW.ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION Textile fabrics - Qetermination of the recovery from creasing of a horizontally folded specimen by measuring the angle of recovery First edition - 1972-
8、I l-01 UDC 677.017.447 Ref. No. IS0 2313-1972 (E) Descriptors : textiles, fabrics, crease retention, test specimens, tests Price based on 4 pages SANS 2313:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .FOREWORD IS0 (the International Or
9、ganization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards institutes (IS0 Member Bodies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through IS0 Technical Committees. Every Member Body interested in a subject for which a Technical Committee has been set up ha
10、s the right to be represented on that Committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the Technical Committees are circulated to the Member Bodies for approval before their acceptance
11、 as International Standards by the IS0 Council. International Standard IS0 2313 was drawn up by Technical Committee ISOfTC 38, Textiles. It was approved in October 1971 by the Member Bodies of the following countries : Australia Belgium Brazil Canada Denmark Egypt, Arab Rep. of Finland Germany Hunga
12、ry The Member Bodies of the fo document on technical grounds : India I ran Ireland Japan Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal II owin g countries ex pressed d isapp roval of the France Switzerland Romania South Africa, Rep. of Spain Sweden Thailand Turkey United Kingdom U.S.A. U.S.S. R. 0
13、International Organization for Standardization, 1972 l Printed in Switzerland SANS 2313:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 2313-1972 (E) Textile fabrics - Determination of the recovery from creasing
14、 of a horizontally folded specimen by measuring the angle of recovery 0 INTRODUCTION Creases in textile fabrics diminish at varying rates on the removal of the creasing forces. The magnitude of the crease recovery angle is an indication of the ability of a fabric to recover from accidental creasing.
15、 1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION This International Standard specifies a method for determining the angle of recovery of fabrics from creasing. The results obtained by this method for textile fabrics of very different kinds cannot be compared directly. Attention is drawn to the fact that for some t
16、ypes of fabrics, the limpness, thickness and tendency to curl of the specimen may give rise to very ill-defined crease recovery angles, and therefore an unacceptable lack of precision in making measurements. Many wool and wool mixture fabrics come under this heading. 2 REFERENCE ISOIR 139, Standard
17、atmospheres for conditioning and testing textiles. 3 DEFINITION crease recovery angle : The angle formed between the two limbs of a strip of fabric previously folded under prescribed conditions, at a specified time after removal of the creasing load. 4 PRINCIPLE A rectangular specimen of prescribed
18、dimensions is folded by means of a suitable device and maintained in this state for a specified short time under a specified load. This creasing load is removed, the specimen allowed to recover for a specified time, and the crease recovery angle then measured. 5 APPARATUS 5.1 Apparatus for loading t
19、he specimen (press) This apparatus consists of the following parts : a) A press to apply a total load of 10 N1) on an area of 15 mm X 15 mm of the folded specimen. It shall be possible to complete the removal of the load within a period of less than 1 s. b) Two flat pressure plates which remain para
20、llel to one another throughout the period of the application of the load to the specimen. On the lower plate an area of 15 mm X 20 mm shall be marked or other provisions made to facilitate correct placement of the specimen. An example of a loading apparatus is shown in Figure 1. 5.2 Instrument for m
21、easuring the crease recovery angle The instrument consists of the following parts : a) A circular scale divided in degrees and correct to + 0.5”. It shall be possible to read the angle correct to the nearest degree without parallax error. b) A specimen grip to hold the specimen in such a manner that
22、 the fold lies in a horizontal line through the centre of the circular scale. The edge of the grip shall lie 2 mm from the centre of the scale, as shown in Figure 2. The specimen grip shall be rotatable about this axis to keep the free limb of the specimen in a vertical position. A suitable device i
23、s shown in Figure 2. 5.3 Auxiliary devices 5.3.1 Stop-watch. 5.3.2 Tweezers with broad, spade shaped jaws. 1) Weight of a body of mass 1.019 kg is approximately equal to a force of 10 N. SANS 2313:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the
24、 SABS .IS0 2313-1972 (E) 5.3.3 Paper or metal foil not thicker than 0.02 mm. 6 SAMPLING Cut the samples so as to be as representative as possible of the whole delivery. Pending the publication of an International Standard for sampling, take samples in accordance with the national standards or establ
25、ished rules. Newly finished fabrics and fabrics that have been subject to washing, dry cleaning or pressing treatments may show a gradual improvement in crease recovery. Store samples from such fabrics for at least 6 days under room conditions before specimens are taken. The creasing propensity for
26、cellulosic and protein fibre materials varies with time over a much longer period than 6 days, and to cancel any ageing effects, soak these fabrics in water at 20 “C for 30 min, centrifuge and steam press while still damp before conditioning as in 7.4. specimens have been conditioned, handle them so
27、lely with tweezers or rubber fingerstalls. Strict observance of all test conditions in respect of preparation and handling of specimens is essential if reliable values of crease recovery angle are to be obtained. b) For high humidity determinations, condition the specimens for at least 24 h at a tem
28、perature of 35 _+ 2 “C and 90 + 2 % relative humidity. 8 PROCEDURE 8.1 General conditions Conduct all testing in the test atmosphere chosen (see 7.4a and 7.4b). Screen the testing equipment from draughts, from the operators breath and from excessive heat radiation from lighting appliances. 7 TEST SP
29、ECIMENS 8.2 Loading 7.1 Selection In order to ensure a representative average for the fabric to be tested, take specimens in the manner shown in Figure 3, and ensuring that specimens are taken not less than 50 mm from the selvedges. Do not take specimens from creased, wrinkled, bent, or deformed par
30、ts. Mark the length, for example (warp) direction on the face side of the fabric. 7.2 Dimensions cut wide rectangular specimens each 40 mm long and 15 mm 7.3 Number Unless otherwise agreed by the parties interested in the test results, prepare not fewer than 20 specimens for each test, half of them
31、taken with their short sides parallel to the warp (woven fabric) or wales (knitted fabric) or the direction marked “length” (non-woven fabric) and the other half with their short sides parallel to the weft (woven fabric) or courses (knitted fabric) or at right angles to the length direction (non-wov
32、en fabric). 7.4 Conditioning a) Condition the specimens for at least 24 h in one of the standard atmospheres for testing textiles according to ISO/R 139, (20 -f: 2 “C and 65 + 2 % relative humidity, or 27 + 2 “C and 65 + 2 % relative humidity) ensuring exposure of all surfaces to the air, for instan
33、ce by placing the specimens on wire-gauze or mesh. Take suitable steps to ensure that equilibrium is approached from the dry side, but in no circumstances expose the specimens to a temperature above 50 “C. After the Fold the specimen end to end and hold in this position by tweezers, gripping no more
34、 than 5 mm from the ends. Where the surfaces of the specimens show any tendency to adhere, place a sheet of paper or metal foil 18 mm X 15 mm between the limbs of the specimen (see Figure 4). Then place the specimen on the marked area of the lower plate of the loading device, and apply the load gent
35、ly, without delay. Fold half the number of test specimens face to face, the other half back to back. Load the specimens for 5 min + 5 s. Thereafter remove the load quickly but smoothly so that the specimen does not suddenly spring open, completing the removal in less than 1 s. By means of tweezers,
36、transfer the specimen directly to the specimen holder of the measuring instrument. To make the transfer, hold in the flat of the forceps that arm of the specimen which is to hang down and gently introduce the other arm between the two parts of the grip as far as - but no farther than - the back stop
37、, taking care not to disturb the existing crease formation. 8.3 Measurement of the crease recovery angle While the specimen is in the holder, adjust the instrument continuously to keep the suspended free limb always in a vertical position. Read the crease recovery angle 5 min after the removal of th
38、e load and the paper or metal foil from the folded specimen. If the free limb twists or curls slightly, use a vertical plane through its centre and the axis of the circular scale to serve as a basis for reading the crease recovery angle. SANS 2313:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by a
39、pproved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .IS0 2313-1972 (E) 9 EXPRESSION OF RESULTS Calculate the mean value, to the nearest degree, for the following : 1) crease across length (for example, warp) direction a) face to face, b) back to back; 2) crease across transverse (for example, w
40、eft) direction a) face to face, b) back to back. 16 TEST REPORT The test report shall include the following particulars : a) reference to this International Standard; b) simple designation of the tested cloth; cl whether a standard or high humidity atmosphere was used; d) date of beginning of pre-co
41、nditioning and conditioning, and duration of exposure of the specimens to the standard atmosphere for testing textiles; e) date of test; f) number of specimens evaluated; g) mean values calculated in accordance with section 9 for face and back of the sample, to the nearest degree in both longitudina
42、l and transverse directions; h) standard deviation and confidence interval, if required. 3 SANS 2313:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .IS0 2313-1972 (E) t a -E E E 75 0 .- + F .- a 5 03 5 -I FIGURE 1 - Apparatus with vertica
43、l guides FIGURE 2 - Instrument for measuring for loading the specimen the crease recovery angle Transverse direction of sample -w _150 mm min. E E G I I I I I I I k I ullll I I 15 mm I I I I I UInl -m-v FIGURE 3 - Example for taking 30 specimens and marking length direction St3ecimen _ , 1 5 mm max. L Tweezers Paper or metal foil, if required FIGURE 4 - Folding of specimen SANS 2313:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .
