1、1简单句It is more than three years since began to study English.At first,I found it quite difficult .I couldnt pronounce well,spell the words correctly,or remember the rules of grammar.With the help of my teachers and classmates,I had made much progress.Now Im going well with my English. Three years st
2、udy has taught me that one cant study English well without hard work.We must do more listening and speaking,both in and out of class,and do more reading and writing as well.That is “Practice makes perfect”.讲义纲要：1、本讲课程主要涉及祈使句和感叹句的相关知识及考点；2、教学任务：掌握初中阶段祈使句和感叹句的考点知识。知识概况：1、祈 使 句 的 含 义 ： 用 于 表 达 命 令 、 请
3、求 、 劝 告 、 警 告 、 禁 止 等 的 句 子 叫 做 祈 使句 。 祈 使 句 对 象 （ 主 语 ） 是 第 二 人 称 。 祈 使 句 的 动 词 都 为 一 般 现 在 时 ， 句 末 则使 用 感 叹 号 或 句 号 来 表 示 结 束 。2、知识站点：初中英语知识考点一览表 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16句子结构时态 语态 名词 冠词 代词 形副 介词 数词 连词 非谓语动词情态动词宾语从句定语从句简单句情景交际知识精讲：一、祈使句祈 使 句 的 含 义 ： 用 于 表 达 命 令 、 请 求 、 劝 告 、 警 告 、 禁 止
4、 等 的 句 子 叫 做 祈 使 句 。 祈 使 句 对象 （ 主 语 ） 是 第 二 人 称 。 祈 使 句 的 动 词 都 为 一 般 现 在 时 ， 句 末 则 使 用 感 叹 号 或 句 号 来 表 示结 束 。 2祈 使 句 的 用 法 分类 肯定祈使句 否定祈使句Please have a seat here Dont open your eyes请这边坐。 不 要 睁 开 你 的 眼 睛 !Go this way. Dont stand up!Do型动词原形+其他成分这边走。 别站起来！Be型 Be 动词+其他成分Be careful! 认真一些！ Dont be silly!别
5、傻了二、高频考向二 感叹句用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由 what或 how引导，具体用法如（一）What: 在使用过程中，常用的句型有：1What + a / an +adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其他成分！例如: What a strong boy he is! 他是多么壮的一个小伙子啊！What an honest girl Mary is! 玛丽是一个多么诚实的小女孩啊！2What +adj.+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其他成分！例如: What brave soldiers they are! 这些士兵们真勇敢啊！3What fine wea
6、ther it is today! 今天的天气真不错啊！3What +adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他成分！例如: What good news (it is)!（二）How:在使用过程中，常用的句型有：1How + adj.+ a / an +名词+主语+谓语+其他成分！例如: How exciting a football match it is! 多么振奋人心的一场球赛啊！How kind an old man he is! 他是一位多么善良的老人啊！2How + adj./adv.+ 主语+谓语+其他成分！例如: How tall Yao Ming is! 姚明真高啊！How f
7、ast the dragonfly flies! 蜻蜓飞得真快啊！3How + 主语+谓语！例如： How time flies!（3）一些特殊形式1.在陈述句、祈使句、或疑问句句尾加感叹号变成感叹句，表示某种强烈的感情！He eats so much!Do read it carefully!2.用一个词或词组表示强烈的感情的句子也是感叹句。Great!Wonderful!Look out!二、感叹句中应注意的问题1. What在感叹句中作定语，用于修饰名词，名词前可有形容词或冠词；How在感叹句中作状语，用于修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子。 例如：What a foolish boy he
8、is! = How foolish a boy he is!42. 感叹句中的主语、谓语通常可以省略。 例如：What a nice girl ( she is ) !How handsome ( he is ) !3. What感叹句中可数名词单数前一般为不定冠词 a/an，而不用 the。转换成 how感叹句是，该名词前一般用定冠词 the，以表示特指。 例如：What a big fish it is! = How big the fish is!What dear meat it is! = How dear the meat is!随堂训练：选 择 题一 、 祈 使 句（ ）1、Th
9、at knife is extremely sharp! you dont cut yourselfA Mind B Minding C To mind D Minded（ ）2 、 All of you at the school gate! Well soon startA will gather B gather C will be gathering D are gathering（ ）3 smiling and one day life will get tired of upsetting you A To keep B Keeping C Keep D Having kept（
10、4 Every time at the door before you enter my room， pleaseA knocked B knocking Cknock D to knock5（ ）5 Cindy， to be here at 8 oclockA is sure B is sure thatC will be sure D be sure二、感叹句（ ）1 Look at the photo I took in Jinghong, Yunnan P rovince. _ the Dai people were having! Wow! They were celebratin
11、g the Water Festival.A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun（ ）2 Look at the photo, Yunnan Province. the Dai people were having! Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun（ ）3 _ fine weather it is today!A. What a B. How a C. What D. How（
12、 ）4-_ enjoyable day it is！Shall we go on a picnic? -Good idea.A. How B. What C. What a D. What an（ ）5 water it is! A.What a clean B.What clean C.How clean D. How clean a（ ）6_ fine weather today! Why not go out for a walk?A. How B. How a C. What D. What a（ ）7 it was yesterday because of the storm!A.
13、What a bad weather B. What bad weatherC. How bad a weather D. How bad weather（ ）8一 Look! That teacher is explaining something to her students again and again!一_teacher she is!A. How patient B. What patient C. How a patient D. What a patient（ ）9 _ dangerous the animals are！6A. What a B. What C. How a
14、 D. How（ ）10_ great fun it is to fly in a saloon ! A. What B. What a C. How a D. How（ ）11I hear they took _ active part in the school sports meeting._ good boys they are!A.a; What a B. an; How C. an; What D. How a（ ）12 hard Tony is working! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a（ ）13_ dangerous the anima
15、ls are！ A. What a B. What C. How a D. How（ ）14 _ day it is! -Lets go out and enjoy the sunshine.A. How windy B. How wet C. What a lovely D. What a rainy（ ）15_ brave Zhang Hua is!Yes. He helped his neighbour, Mrs. Sun out of the fire.A.What a B. How a C. How D. What（ ）16 _great progress you have made
16、 Your mother must be satisfied with you .A. What a B. What C.How a D. How.（ ）17 Look at the photo I took in Yunnan Province. _ the Dai people were having! Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun（ ）18_beautiful the flowers are! A.What B.What a
17、C.How D. .How a（ ）19 Hurry up! Its time to leave. Ok, _.A. Im coming B. Ill come C. I come D.I have been coming（ ）20_ city Rio de Janeiro in Brazil is！Yes. The 3lst Olympic Games will be held there.A. How lively B. What busy C. How a big D. What a beautiful7（ ）21- nice weather it is today!- Yes, sha
18、ll we go walking in the park this afternoon? A .What an B. How C. What D. How an（ ）22_ food youve cooked! A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice（ ）23_ beautiful house it is! AWhat BHow CWhat a D How a（ ）24 Look at the photo I took in Chiang Mai, Yunnan P rovince. _ the Dai people were
19、 having! Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun（ ）25_ fine weather it is ! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a（ ）26_ hard work you have done! -Its ve ry kind of you to say so.AWhat BWho CWhat a DHow a（ ）27 Dont give up, Tom. You havent realized
20、 great progress youve made!A. what B. what a C. how D. how a（ ）28 “ _ youve made! But you should still work harder,” the teacher said to the boy.A. What great progress B. How a big mistake C. What a big mistake D. How great progress（ ）29_ terrible world it would be if there were no electricity !Thats why we have to save it. A. What a B. How a C. What D. How（ ）30-_ great progress youre made ! Congratulations !- Thank you !AWhat B What a CHow D. How 8语音训正：辅音 /m/ /n/ /的例句1. Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。2. No pain, no gain.不劳无获。3. Nothing brave, nothing have.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
