1、12019年高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空选练（1）李仕才第一部分：完形填空AI was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May.I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine _1_ off the leaves.It was such a _2_ and heavenly time.My calm was broken，_3_，as I rounded a curve(拐弯处)A huge UHaul truck was coming my way several feet over t
2、he center line.I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to _4_ it.It was followed by not one but two other UHaul trucks just as _5_.I wondered if all the stuff inside of them _6_ the same person.I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to _7_.It was then that I _8_ a selfstorag
3、e business along the side of the highway，building new units for all the people who couldnt fit their _9_ into their houses.I saw a(n)_10_ couple carrying boxes into one of the units.It seemed _11_ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.I lost my own _12_ for owning s
4、tuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned.The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing.Yet，our whole family had awakened _13_ to escape.In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet，but none o
5、f it seemed as _14_ any more.What was important was seeing Moms smile，giving Nana a hug and a kiss，and watching Dad snooze(打盹) in his chair _15_ a hard days work.What was important was the stuff of _16_，not the stuff of this world.Since then I have tried to limit the things I would _17_.I didnt want
6、 too much stuff to _18_ my life.I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning，growing，and _19_ my family and others.I assumed that only by doing so could I make my _20_.1A.appreciating BreflectingCadmiring Dreleasing2A.refreshing BdelightfulCpeaceful Ddynamic3A.though BtooCanyw
7、ay Dinstead24A.miss BrejectCignore Ddesert5A.useful BlargeCnew Dgood6A.turned to Breferred toCreacted to Dbelonged to7A.beat BpulseCaccelerate Dfollow8A.noticed BthoughtCdid Destablished9A.furniture BboxesCpossessions Dmaterials10A.old ByoungCmiddleaged Dsmall11A.curious BapparentCcertain Dobvious12
8、A.hope BtalentCfaith Dtaste13A.in return Bin turnCin time Din vain14A.affordable BsignificantCbeneficial Dpractical15A.before BinCafter Dduring16A.mind BhandChead Dsoul17A.purchase BdonateCwaste Dneed18A.put up Bcrowd upCbring up Dset up19A.helping BabusingCloving Daffecting20A.name BdayCworld Dway3
9、【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述驾车途中的所见所感，并联想到自己家中曾经的火灾事件对他自身观念的影响，由此阐述了自己的感受：世上最重要的东西不是物质占有量，而在于精神世界的丰富，只有这样人才能感到快乐。1B 根据“the golden sunshine _1_ off the leaves”可知，此处意为“树叶反射出金色的阳光” 。reflect“反射”符合语境。appreciate“感激，欣赏” ；admire“钦佩，赞赏” ；release“释放，发行” 。2C 根据空前一句中的“smiled”和空后的“heavenly”及下文中的“calm”可知，作者当时的心情是平静愉快的，故
10、 peaceful符合语境。refreshing“使人精力充沛的” ；delightful“讨人喜欢的，令人愉快的” ；peaceful“平静的，宁静的” ；dynamic“动力的，有活力的” 。3A 根据空前的“My calm was broken”可知，空处所在句与上文构成转折关系，故though“可是，不过”符合语境。too“太，也” ；anyway“不管怎样，无论如何” ；instead“相反” 。4A 根据空前一句中的“truck was coming my way several feet over the center line”可知，作者尽量把车子往路边开来躲开卡车。miss“
11、避开，躲开(不好或讨厌的事)” ；reject“排斥，丢掉” ；ignore“忽视，不理睬” ；desert“遗弃，丢弃” 。5B 根据上文可知，一辆卡车越过了中心线几英尺向作者的方向驶来，结合语境可知，这辆大卡车后还跟着另外两辆同样大的(large)卡车，故选 B。6D 根据语境可知，作者不知道三辆卡车上的东西是否属于(belonged to)同一个人。belong to“属于” ；turn to“转向，求助于” ；refer to“参考，提到” ；react to“对作出反应” 。7D 根据语境可知，作者放慢车速来平静心情调整心率。故 follow“跟随，追赶”符合语境。beat“打败，拍
12、打” ；pulse“跳动，搏动” ；accelerate“加速，增加” 。8A 该句中的 It was then that是强调句型，意思是“就在那时” 。作者在平静心情时注意到路旁的一个自助存储公司。notice“注意到” ；establish“建立，创办” 。9C 根据语境可知，这些设备是为那些无法把所有物(possessions)存储到自己的房子里的人而建的。possession“所有物，财产”符合语境。furniture“家具，设备” ；material“材料” 。10B 根据空后一句中的“a couple just out of their teens”可知，此处young“年轻的”
13、符合语境。middleaged“中年的” 。11A 根据该句中的“could already have too much stuff(可能已经拥有太多的东西)”可知，作者对此感到奇怪，故 curious“稀奇古怪的”符合语境。apparent“显然的，表面上的” ；certain“必然的，有把握的” ；obvious“明显的，显然的” 。12D 根据语境可知，夜半时分一场大火烧毁了作者家中的一切，因此作者不再有拥有4(很多)东西的兴趣(taste)。taste“爱好，兴趣”符合语境。hope“希望” ； talent“才能，天资” ；faith“信仰，信念” 。13C 根据空前的“had aw
14、akened”和空后的“escape”可知，作者全家及时(in time)醒来逃了出去。in return“作为回报” ；in turn“反过来，轮流” ；in vain“徒劳” 。14B 根据空后的“What was important was”和空前的“none of it”可知，空处所填词与 important意思相同，故 significant“重要的，有意义的”符合语境。affordable“买得起的” ；beneficial“有益的” ；practical“实用的” 。15C 根据生活常识可知，父亲打盹应该是在一天的艰辛工作之后(after)。16D 根据空前的“What was
15、important was the stuff of”及空后的“not the stuff of this world”可知，空处所填词与“this world”形成对比，再结合上文内容可知，作者认为精神世界的丰富更为重要。soul“(人类整体的)精神状况”符合语境。mind“头脑，智力” 。17A 根据上文中的“not the stuff of this world”可知，作者从此努力限制自己购买(purchase)东西的数量。下文中的“buy”亦是提示，故选 A。donate“捐赠” ；waste“浪费” ；need“需要” 。18B 根据语境可知，此处表示作者不想让太多的物品充斥自己的生
16、活。故 crowd up符合语境。put up“张贴，搭建” ；bring up“抚养，养育，提出” ；set up“建立” 。19C 根据空后的“my family and others”可以推断此处意为“爱我的家人和他人” ，故选 C。abuse“滥用” ；affect“影响” 。20B 根据语境可知，此处表示只有这样做作者才能开心。make sb.s day 为固定用法，意为“使某人非常高兴” 。B(2015甘肃第一次诊断)It was a freezing cold evening in northern Virginia many years ago.An old man was w
17、aiting for a _1_across the river.At last he heard some hooves(马蹄)_2_along the frozen path.Anxiously，he watched as several horsemen came around the bend._3_，he let them pass by one after another.Finally，as the _4_rider was drawing near，the old man _5_the riders eye and asked whether he would _6_givin
18、g him a ride to the other side.The rider agreed _7_Seeing the old man was unable to _8_his halffrozen body from the ground，the horseman _9_and helped the old man _10_the horse.The horseman took the old man not just across the river，but to his 5_11_，a tiny but cozy cottage.Before leaving，out of _12_，
19、the horseman asked the old man why on such a bitter winter night he would wait and ask the last rider and _13_he had refused.The old man replied， “I looked into the eyes of the other riders and immediately saw there was no _14_for my situation. But when I looked into your eyes，I was certain that you
20、r gentle spirit would give me _15_in my time of need.”Those _16_comments touched the horseman deeply，who _17_the old man.“May I never get too busy with my own affairs that I _18_ to respond to the needs of others with kindness and compassion.”With _19_，Thomas Jefferson，president of the United States
21、，turned his horse around and _20_his way back to the White House.1.A.horseman Bhorse Cride Dfriend2A.attacking Brunning Centering Dapproaching3A.However BTherefore CThus D Moreover4A.coming Bleaving Cnext Dlast5A.kept Bcaught Clooked Dsaw6A.mind Bavoid Cprefer Dtry7A.seriously Bdoubtfully Cwillingly
22、 Dstrangely8A.lift Bpush Cfeel Dstand9A.went off Bturned around C set out Dgot down610A.onto Bover Coff Dabove11A.hometown Bapartment Cdestination Dvillage12A.courage Bcuriosity Centhusiasm Dhonesty13A.what about Bif only Chow come Dwhat if 14A.chance Bdoubt Cconcern Dreason 15A.strength Bcomfort Cg
23、enerosity Dassistance16A.heartwarming Bimpressive Cpessimistic Doptimistic17A.persuaded Btold Creminded Dsuggested18A.manage Bfail Cdisagree Dremember19A.it Bthem Cthat Dthis20A.made Bstruggled Cfelt Dfought【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了美国前总统 Thomas Jefferson帮助一位老人过河的故事。Thomas Jefferson 通过这件事认识到，不要因为忙于自己的事
24、而忽略了他人的需求。1解析：选 C。考查名词辨析。horseman 意为“骑马者” ；horse 意为“马” ；ride 意为“(骑马、骑自行车或乘车)旅程” ；friend 意为“朋友” 。根据第二段最后一句中的“giving him a ride to the other side”可知，此处应填 ride。故答案选 C。2解析：选 D。考查动词辨析。attack 意为“攻击” ；run 意为“跑” ；enter 意为“进入” ；approach 意为“靠近，接近” 。下文提到，骑着马的那几个人从这位老人身边一一经过，由此可推知，这位老人听到了马蹄声正在向他这个方向靠近。故答案选 D。73
25、解析：选 A。考查副词辨析。however 意为“然而” ；therefore 意为“因此” ；thus意为“因此” ；moreover 意为“而且” 。根据语境可知，这位老人想过河。然而他却没有向这几个骑马的人求助，而是让他们一个接一个地过河而去。故 however符合语境。故答案选A。4解析：选 D。考查词义辨析。coming 意为“即将来临的” ；leaving 意为“离开” ；next意为“下一个的” ；last 意为“最后的” 。根据第四段第一句中的“ask the last rider”可知，此处应填 last。故答案选 D。5解析：选 B。考查动词辨析。keep 意为“保持” ；
26、catch 意为“注意，看见” ；look 意为“看” ，后面接名词时通常加介词；see 意为“看到” 。根据语境可知，这位老人注视着这位骑马者的眼睛，与第四段最后一句中“when I looked into your eyes”相呼应。故答案选 B。6解析：选 A。考查动词辨析。mind 意为“介意” ；avoid 意为“避免” ；prefer 意为“更喜欢” ；try 意为“努力” 。根据语境可知，这位老人问这位骑马者是否介意将他带到河对岸。故 mind符合语境。故答案选 A。7解析：选 C。考查副词辨析。seriously 意为“严肃地” ，doubtfully 意为“怀疑地” ；wil
27、lingly意为“乐意地” ；strangely 意为“奇怪地” 。根据下文可知，这位骑马者将这位老人带过了河，说明他欣然同意了这位老者的请求。故 willingly符合语境。故答案选 C。8解析：选 A。考查动词辨析。lift 意为“将从原地移开，举起” ；push 意为“推”；feel 意为“感觉” ；stand 意为“站立” 。根据语境“.was unable to_his halffrozen body from the ground.”可知，这位老者因为半个身子都冻僵了，所以他自己上不了马。故 lift符合语境。故答案选 A。9解析：选 D。考查动词短语辨析。go off 意为“离开
28、” ；turn around 意为“转身” ；set out意为“动身” ；get down 意为“下来” 。根据上文可知，这位老人自己上不了马，由此结合空格后的“helped the old man.”可知，此处应指这位骑马者下马帮助老人上马。故答案选 D。10解析：选 A。考查介词辨析。onto 意为“移到上” ；over 意为“越过” ；off 意为“从上落下” ；above 意为“超过，在正上方” 。此处指这位骑马者帮助老人上马。onto符合语境。故答案选 A。11解析：选 C。考查名词辨析。hometown 意为“家乡” ；apartment 意为“公寓” ；destination意
29、为“目的地” ；village 意为“村庄” 。根据空格后的“a tiny but cozy cottage”可推知，这位骑马者不仅帮助这位老人过河，还将老人送回了家，即老人的目的地。故 destination符合语境。故答案选 C。12解析：选 B。考查名词辨析。courage 意为“勇气” ；curiosity 意为“好奇” ；enthusiasm意为“热情” ；honesty 意为“诚实” 。根据空格后“the horseman asked the 8old man why on such a bitter winter night he would wait and ask the l
30、ast rider.”可知，这位骑马者对这位老人不向前几位骑马者求助，而向他(即最后一位骑马者)求助的做法有些好奇，想知道他为什么这么做。故 curiosity符合语境。故答案选 B。13解析：选 D。考查短语辨析。what about 意为“怎么样” ；if only 意为“要是就好了” ；how come 意为“怎么回事” ；what if 意为“要是怎么办” 。根据语境可知，这位骑马者问这位老人为什么会选择向最后一个骑马的人求助，要是他拒绝了怎么办。故 what if符合语境。故答案选 D。14解析：选 C。考查名词辨析。chance 意为“机会” ；doubt 意为“怀疑” ；conc
31、ern 意为“关心，担心” ；reason 意为“理由” 。根据语境可知，这位老人观察了其他骑马者的眼神，发现他们并不关心自己的处境。故 concern符合语境。故答案选 C。15解析：选 D。考查名词辨析。strength 意为“力量” ；comfort 意为“舒适” ；generosity意为“慷慨” ；assistance 意为“援助，帮助” 。根据语境可知，这位老人很确定最后一位骑马者会给他帮助。故 assistance符合语境。故答案选 D。16解析：选 A。考查形容词辨析。heartwarming 意为“使人愉快的，暖人心房的” ；impressive意为“给人深刻印象的” ；pe
32、ssimistic 意为“悲观的” ；optimistic 意为“乐观的” 。根据上文这位老人所说的话可推知，老人这些暖人心房的话深深地触动了这位骑马者。故 heartwarming符合语境。故答案选 A。17解析：选 B。考查动词辨析。persuade 意为“说服” ；tell 意为“告诉” ；remind 意为“提醒” ；suggest 意为“建议” 。根据空格后的内容可知，这是这位骑马者对这位老人说的话。故答案选 B。18解析：选 B。考查动词辨析。manage 意为“管理” ；fail 意为“未能做，失败” ；disagree意为“不同意” ；remember 意为“记起” 。根据骑马
33、者所说的话“May I never get too busy with my own affairs that I_to respond to the needs of others with kindness and compassion.”可知，这位骑马者希望自己将来不要因忙于自己的事而注意不到其他人的需求。故 fail符合语境。故答案选 B。19解析：选 C。考查代词辨析。it 用来指代上文提到的同一个事物；them 用来指代上文提到的复数名词或代词；that 用来指代上文提到的某种想法；this 用于指代较近的人、物、地方或事情。此处用 that指代 Thomas Jefferson对
34、这位老人所说的那句话。故答案选 C。20解析：选 A。考查动词辨析。make 意为“使得，进行，制造” ；struggle 意为“挣扎” ；feel意为“感受” ；fight 意为“斗争” 。根据语境可知，Thomas Jefferson 转身踏上回白宫的路。make ones way 是固定短语，意为“前进，行走” ，符合语境。故答案选 A。第二部分：短文语法填空According to a recent survey，violence did exist in schools.Students showed their 9fear and parents and teachers also
35、 _1_(express) their great concern about it.Experts hope _2_ whole society pays more attention to the mental health of adolescents.Nowadays，school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon，which _3_(call) for our great concern.We should make every effort _4_(prevent) school violence happen
36、ing at school，for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal _5_(safe) could not be guaranteed.In fact，violence can be learned._6_(actual)，children learn violence behavior from adults or from _7_ they see on television or on the Internet.If I meet with school violence，I will n
37、ot answer violence with violence，for it will result in _8_(much) fighting.I will tell my teachers or parents about it.I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.All in all，we students should behave _9_(we) and keep away _10_ violence.【语篇导读】 校园暴力这一现象引起了老师和家
38、长的关注。本文介绍了校园暴力形成的原因以及阻止校园暴力的方法。1expressed 考查时态。根据该句中的“showed”可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填 expressed。2the 考查冠词。the whole society 意为“全社会” ，为固定用法，故填 the。3calls 考查时态和主谓一致。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，which 指代“a phenomenon”，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数；由“I think this is”可知，应用一般现在时，故填 calls。4to prevent 考查动词不定式。我们应当尽一切努力来阻止校园暴力的发生。m
39、ake every effort to do sth 为固定搭配，故此处应用动词不定式作宾补。5safety 考查名词。根据空处前的“their personal”可知，空处应填名词 safety。6Actually 考查副词。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰全句，作状语，故用副词Actually。7what 考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“see”的宾语，故用 what。8more 考查比较级。句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我不会以暴制暴，因为这会导致更多10的打斗。根据句意可知，空处应使用比较级。9ourselves 考查反身代词。behave oneself 为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩有礼，检点” ；根据主语“we”可知，空处应用反身代词 ourselves。10from 考查介词。keep away from 为固定搭配，意为“远离” 。
