1、1甘肃省天水市一中 2019 届高三英语上学期一轮复习第三次质量检测试题本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。第卷注意事项：1.答第卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 30 分）第 1 节（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Five Best Countries TO
2、Move To For RetirementRetiring in a different country is gaining popularity. Below are five of the best countries to seek retirementCosta RicaMild climate, breathtaking landscapes and beaches draw retirees(退休人员）to Costa Rica. The country readily welcomes immigrants and offers a simple residency proc
3、ess. With a monthly income of at least $ 1,000 per month from Social Security or a similar source, people enjoy a high standard of living at a much lower cost than the U. S.MalaysiaRetirees who choose to make Malaysia home will appreciate its rich culture and attractive scenery. Moreover, the countr
4、y offers modern facilities at modest prices. Immigrants enjoy convenience and comfort in their daily life. You will find low-cost rental units, delicious street food, and various shopping malls.MexicoBecause its close to the U.S., Mexico draws more than a million American retirees to its borders. In
5、creasing immigrant communities enjoy seaside living and conversations with friendly English speaking locals. Plus, legal residents over the age of 60 receive airline, grocery, and restaurant discounts.PanamaGentle ocean wind takes the heat out of hot year-round temperatures, which has been the chief
6、 attraction to foreign retirees. Beautiful beaches and a booming economy also attract retirees to Panama. An income of $2,000 per month covers modest living costs. Furthermore, the country offers discounts to retirees with a special visa.Ecuador2Lazy coastal towns, sun-shining hot spots, and nature-
7、filled views wait for immigrants seeking a carefree lifestyle. Public transportation costs in Ecuador make owning a vehicle unnecessary. A bus ride only costs 25 cents and taxi rides will run about $3.1What do Costa Rica and Malaysia have in common?A. Convenient shopping.B. Relatively low living cos
8、t.C. Various cultural activities.D. Simple immigration procedures.2Which countrys location specially attracts retirees from the U.S.?A. Malaysias B. Mexicos. C. Panamas. D. Ecuadors.3What is the main reason for retirees to choose Panama?A. Beautiful beaches. B. A booming economy.C. A pleasant climat
9、e. D. Discounts for retirees.BThe morning had been a disaster.My tooth was aching, and Id been in an argument with a friend. Her words still hurt:“The trouble with you is that you wont put yourself in my place. Cant you see things from my point of view?” I shook my head stubbornly and felt the ache
10、in my tooth. Id thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. Finally,at about lunchtime, I got lucky.“If you come by right now,” the receptionist said,“the d
11、entist will fit you in.”I took my purse and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist.What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasnt he as busy as the others?In the dentists office, I sat down and looked around. I saw nothing
12、but the bare walls and I became even more worried. The assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my ice-cold one.When I told her my fears,she laughed and said,“Dont worry. The dentist is very good.”“How long do I have to wait for him?” I asked impatiently.“Come on,he is coming.J
13、ust lie down and relax.And enjoy the artwork,” the assistant said.“The artwork?” I was puzzled.The chair went back. Suddenly I smiled. There was a beautiful picture, right where I could enjoy it:on the ceiling. How considerate the dentist was! At that moment, I began to understand what my friend mea
14、nt by her words.What a relief!4Which of the following best describes the authors feeling that morning?ACheerful. BNervous. CSatisfied. DUpset.35What made the author begin to doubt about the dentist?AThe dentists agreeing to treat her at very short notice.BThe dentists being as busy as the other dent
15、ists.CThe surroundings of the dentists office.DThe laughing assistant of the dentist.6Why did the author suddenly smile?ABecause the dentist came at last.BBecause she saw a picture on the ceiling.CBecause she could relax in the chair.DBecause the assistant kept comforting her.7What did the author le
16、arn from her experience most probably?AStrike while the iron is hot.BHave a good word for ones friend.CPut oneself in others shoes.DA friend in need is a friend indeed.CIt is said that if you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese docto
17、rs, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise and as a result, we are growing old unnecessarily soon.Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, a
18、nd how the process of aging could be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of t
19、he front and side parts of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual on economical faculties. Contraction(萎缩) of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties, bu
20、t it was still not evident in some sixty-and seventy-year-olds. Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to the contraction normally connected with age using the head.The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in
21、the town. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.Matsuzawas findings show that th
22、inking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “The best way to maintain, good blood circulation is 4through using the brain.” he says. “Think hard and engage in conversation. Dont rely on pocket calculators.”8.
23、 The team of doctors wanted to find out _.Athe size of certain peoples brainsBhow to slow down the process of aging Cwhich people are most intelligentDwhy certain people are aging sooner than others.9On what are their research findings based?AThe study of brain volumes of different people.BThe study
24、 of brain volumes of old people.CThe latest development of computer technology.DA survey of farmers in northern old people.10The doctors tests show that _.Aour brains shrink as we grow olderBthe front section of the brain does not shrinkCsixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-oldsDsome
25、peoples brains have contracted more than other peoples11According to the passage, which people seem to age more slowly than the others?ALawyers. BFarmers. CClerks. DShop assistants.DDo you live in a city where looking up the air quality forecast is just as important as checking the weather forecast
26、for the day? Many places around the world have terrible pollution problems. But now new research suggests that we might be able to protect ourselves，naturally and easily simply by taking vitamin BThe study was conducted by a team of international researchers. Their focus was on a pollutant known as
27、PM2.5. Its size, approximately l/40th the width of a human hair, makes it particularly dangerous because it is readily inhaled and small enough to spread through the body via the blood. This can cause damage to the lungs if PM2.5 is being breathed in regularly.The current experiment involved subject
28、s being exposed to clean air and a placebo(安慰剂) to record baseline responses. They were given the placebo for four weeks, then exposed through a face mask to air from a highly polluted area in downtown Toronto. The researchers measured methylation (甲基化) changes to DNA; the damage increased in each p
29、articipant. However, in the repeated experiment, when the volunteers were given a vitamin supplement containing 1 milligram of vitamin B12, 50 mg of vitamin B6, and 2.5 mg of folic acid daily for four weeks, it reduced the damage to the DNA by a range of 28 to 76 percent.The results indicate how pre
30、vention at an individual level could be used to fight the harmful effects of PM2.5. However, researchers stressed that research was in its early stages. Future studies, especially in heavily polluted areas, 5are urgently needed and theyll finally develop preventive measures using B vitamins to preve
31、nt the health effects of air pollution.12What does the underlined word “inhaled” in Paragraph 1 refer to?Abreathed. Bsmelt. Capproached. Ddiscovered.13How does the author introduce the current experiment?ABy analyzing causes. BBy giving examples.CBy making comparisons. DBy describing effects.14What
32、can we learn about the researchers in the last paragraph?AThey warned people of heavy pollution.BThey regretted not using enough volunteers.CTheyll soon find more ways to test B vitamins.DTheyll confirm the findings in highly polluted areas.15What can be the best title of the text?APM2.5 Is Most Dea
33、dlyBVitamin B Benefits People MostCVitamin B Offers Air Pollution ProtectionDAir Quality Forecast Is Extremely Important第 2 节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。Here are some easy steps to create better habits that will surely improve your mental health. Get enough sleep
34、. Keeping a consistent sleep schedule will ensure that your body and mind will function properly. Experts recommend that each person should sleep for at least 6. 5 to 8 hours a night. 16 When you restart, it refreshes everything and helps your machine function faster and better. Do some exercise. Yo
35、u should know that regular exercise is necessary for a healthy body and soul. Some workout motivation tips from experts are that you should determine what exercises interest you and work your way up from there. Still no idea how to start? 17 Mind what you eat. 18 You know your body and you also know
36、 potato chips have done nothing except make you feel sluggish and guilty. Do your heart and waistline a favor by feeding your body healthy thing like lean protein, whole grains and fiber. 19 Use journaling as a way to release(释放) tension you may be holding in. You can also use it as a way to organiz
37、e your thoughts, transfer the chaos from head to paper. You dont necessarily have to write for an audience. In fact, writing for yourself can be regarded as self-treatment and help you become more aware of yourself and your own thoughts. Explore the world. You dont need your passport for this one. 2
38、0 No 6matter how old you are, there are many things in this life that you have yet to experience. Get out of your comfort zone and see what the world has to offer you. You may actually be pleasantly surprised to try things you have never done before and how enjoyable they are.A. Start writing.B. Bal
39、ance yourself.C. Put down the hamburger and accept whole grains!D. Hire a personal trainer to help you get off your sofa.E. Think of your body as a computer that needs some rebooting(重启).F. Go out to new restaurants or hiking trails to expand your experiences.G. Even if you have to work out slow at
40、first, its better to start than not at all.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。How often do you let other peoples nonsense change your mood? Do you let a bad driver, impolite waiter, rude boss, or an insensitive empl
41、oyee _21_ your day?One day I was in a taxi and we headed _22_ the airport. We were driving in the _23_ lane when suddenly a black car drove out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver slammed on his _24_, slid sideways, and at the very last moment our car stopped and _25_ the other c
42、ar by just inches! The driver of the other car looked around and started _26_ at us.My taxi driver just _27_ and waved at the guy. And I mean he was really _28_. So I asked, “Why did you just do that? This guy almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital!”This is when my taxi driver taught me
43、what I now call “The Law of the Garbage Truck”. He explained that many people are like garbage trucks. They run around full of garbage, full of _29_, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage _30_ up, they need a place to dump it and sometimes theyll dump it on _31_. Dont take it p
44、ersonally. Just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on.Believe me. Youll be _32_. Dont take their garbage and _33_ it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets. Lifes too short to wake up in the morning with _34_. The mark of your success is how quickly you can refocus on whats _35_ in y
45、our life. Roy Baumeister, a psychology researcher from Florida State University, found in his extensive research that you _36_ bad things more often than good things in your life. You store the bad memories more easily, and you _37_ them more frequently.So love the people who treat you right. Ignore
46、 the ones who dont. Life is ten percent what you make it and ninety percent how you _38_ it!7When you follow “The Law of the Garbage Truck”, you take back control of your life. You make room for the good by _39_ go of the bad. Have a Garbage-Free Day! Have a marvelous, garbage-free day! The seeds yo
47、u plant today _40_ the harvest you reap tomorrow.21A. enrich B. ruin C. spare D. obtain22A. through B. to C. in D. for23A. left B. right C. opposite D. across24A. brakes B. door C. window D. seat25A. knocked B. overtook C. missed D. lost26A. laughing B. throwing C. glancing D. yelling27A. wondered B
48、. smiled C. ignored D. guessed28A. friendly B. angry C. tired D. disappointed29A. expectation B. annoyance C. astonishment D. frustration30A. turns B. pushes C. holds D. piles31A. roads B. children C. you D. dustbin32A. upset B. happier C. pitiful D. frightened33A. spread B. share C. explain D. cont
49、ribute34A. surprise B. pleasure C. doubt D. regrets35A. funny B. important C. strange D. embarrassing36A. remember B. forget C. value D. appreciate37A. enjoy B. exchange C. recall D. imagine38A. inspire B. take C. mend D. notice39A. letting B. consisting C. making D. dreaming40A. distinguish B. deserve C. deliver D. determine第卷注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第二节 （共 10 小题
