1、1北京市西城区 2018-2019 学年度第一学期期末试卷高三英语本试卷共 10 页，共 120 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AFor most of her life , Anna Mary Roberts worked very hard making a living on a farm. She began to pa
2、int_1_ her seventies. She displayed her artworks in her town at age eighty. The paintings_2_(notice) by an art collector,_3_recognized Annas remarkable talent. He bought all the paintings on display. Later, three of her paintings were exhibited in a well-known art museum in New York City. Soon, peop
3、le around the world_4_(hear) of Anna and her delightful artworks. People loved looking at the old-fashioned scenes that Anna had created.【答案】1. in 2. were noticed 3. who 4. heard【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了 Anna Mary Roberts 在七十岁时，开始画画，她的作品被人们所喜爱。【1 题详解】考查介词。in her seventies 这个固定结构表示“在她七十岁的时候” ，所以填 in。【2 题详解】
4、考查时态语态。前边主语 paintings 为可数名词复数形式，故谓语动词也用复数形式，时态应该与前后句保持一致，用一般过去；句意上为她的画被一位收藏家注意到，用被动语态，所以填 were noticed。【3 题详解】2考查非限制性定语从句。_3_recognized Annas remarkable talent.是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 an art collector，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以填 who。【4 题详解】考查时态语态。句子中缺少谓语动词，并且时态跟前后句保持一致，句意为全世界的人很快就听说了她和她的作品，所以用一般过去时的主动形式，所以填 heard。BL
5、egos are popular with kids. But_5_(make) them can hurt the environment. Why? Legos are made of plastic. The plastic is made from oil. That is a nonrenewable resource. Recently, Lego_6_(introduce) earth-friendly pieces. They are made of plastic taken from sugarcane. That is a renewable material. The
6、green pieces are part of a bigger plan for Lego. The company plans to use renewable materials in all its_7_(toy) by 2030. The actions the company takes today can have an influence on the planet of tomorrow.【答案】5. making/to make 6. has introduced/introduced 7. toys【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了乐高玩具公司引进了一种新的环保材料制
7、作玩具。公司今天采取的行动会对星球的未来产生重大影响。【5 题详解】考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有谓语动词 can hurt，该空应用非谓语作主语，可以用动名词，也可以用不定式作主语，所以填 making/to make。【6 题详解】考查时态语态；根据前面的 recently（最近） ，这里可以理解为：在刚刚过去的不久，所以可以用一般过去时 introduced；也可理解为对现在的影响或者结果，所以也可以使用has introduced，所以填 introduced/has introduced。【7 题详解】考查名词。 根据前面的不定代词 all，可知后面应该使用可数名词的复数形式，所以填t
8、oys。C3Many organizations try to inspire people_8_(do) kind acts, wherever and whenever they can. The idea behind this is that it doesnt take any major plan to be kind, just a little bit of effort. Perhaps the strongest supporter of this idea is the Random Acts of Kindness Foundation. It operates und
9、er the beliefs that kindness can be taught and that it is_9_( easy) spread. Its activities range from suggesting kind acts to allowing its website-users to officially register_10_ (they) as activists of kindness.【答案】8. to do 9. easily 10. themselves【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了许多组织鼓励人们做善事。【8 题详解】考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词
10、作宾语， inspire sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事，该用法是固定用法，所以填 to do。【9 题详解】考查副词。该空修饰动词 spread，用副词，表示容易传播，所以填 easily。【10 题详解】考查反身代词。句意：它的活动范围从建议善意的行为到允许其网站用户正式注册为善意的积极分子，故使用反身代词指代这些人他们自己，所以填 themselves。第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；毎小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A.B.C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Because I Was Told I CanAbo
11、ut six months ago, I joined a gym. Every morning, there is one personal trainer there who works out at the same time that my little group does our _11_He does his “routine“ with such a quiet determination that he makes it all look very easy, although I know all too well how hard he is working. Whene
12、ver I tend to complain and_12_ , I watch him push himself to his own limits, and I find myself _13_ to work as hard and without complaint.4A couple of weeks ago , I was watching him do chin-ups. He made them look _14_ I broke away from my group and asked him if I could try a chin-up. I had never tri
13、ed before, but he just made it look so easy. He eagerly stepped aside and _15_ me to step up to the bar. I _16_ myself up without thinking . once . then twice. That was all I had In me. I had no _17_ left. I told him that was all I had, so he stepped up behind me and pushed me _18_for a third and fo
14、urth “pull.“ It felt so good.The next day when I was done with my workout, I asked him to spot me again. Again, I did_19_. Again on Day 3 and so on. I thought it was_20_that I could only do two, but when I came to the gym at the end of the week, he was standing there just shaking his head. When I as
15、ked him what was up , he said he was_21_with my chin-ups. He told me that when they are_22_firefighters , the men are required to do five chin-ups, and women are required to do one or two. He_23_that most people cant do them at all, and that he was amazed that I_24_ . He further told me that if I _2
16、5_every day, I would be doing five or six in no time. At this point I should probably_26_that I am 50 years old. and female.Had he told me at the very beginning how_27_it was, I more than likely would not have tried at all._28_I might have tried, but given it _29_half an effort, because failure woul
17、d have been the expectation. I applaud him for letting me believe that for me, it was not only a possibility, but that success was a_30_expectation.11. A. duty B. workout C. research D. project12. A. fight B. apologize C. wait D. quit13. A. motivated B. satisfied C. surprised D. challenged514. A. un
18、believable B. complex C. helpful D. effortless15. A. encouraged B. forced C. persuaded D. ordered16. A. pushed B. pulled C. raised D. carried17. A. confidence B. breath C. strength D. faith18. A. away B. over C. up D. forward19. A. one B. two C. three D. four20. A. lucky B. unfair C. funny D. pitifu
19、l21. A. impressed B. busy C. bored D. strict22. A. examining B. watching C. interviewing D. training23. A. remembered B. announced C. explained D. worried24. A. could B. would C. should D. might25. A. learned B. practised C. succeeded D. checked26. A. complain B. argue C. add D. repeat27. A. trouble
20、some B. rewarding C. enjoyable D. difficult28. A. So B. And C. Or D. While29. A. hardly B. only C. entirely D. nearly30. A. realistic B. general C. vague D. traditional【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A【解析】【分析】这
21、是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在参加训练时，作者很感谢自己的教练。因为他让作者相信，对作者而言，引体向上不仅仅是一种可能，更是可以靠努力而实现的。【11 题详解】考查名词辨析。根据本句句意， “他在训练的同时我们小组也在做训练（workout） ；” ，以及第三段第一行 workout 同义词复现。其余选项含义为：duty 职责；research 调查研究；project 工程，故选 B。【12 题详解】考查动词辨析。根据空前并列关系连词 and 以及前一个并列关系的动词 complain（抱怨） ，6可知此处也应该填负态度动词，quit，指“退出，放弃” 。其余选项含义为：fight 打架；
22、 apologize 道歉；wait 等待，故选 D。【13 题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据上文“Whenever I tend to complain and quit, I watch him push himself to his own limits”，可知每当我想要抱怨并且放弃时，我发现我自己被他的行为激励（motivated） 。其他选项含义为：satisfied 满意的；surprised 惊讶的；challenged 受到挑战的，故选 A。【14 题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据第一段的 he makes it all look very easy 和本段的 he just made
23、 it look so easy，因此选择 effortless，意为“毫不费力的” 。其余选项含义为：unbelievable 难以置信的；complex 复杂的；helpful 有帮助的，故选 D。【15 题详解】考查动词辨析。根据前文内容“I asked him if I could try a chin-up”可知，是我主动想要尝试，并非他来强迫我、劝说我、命令我，而应该是他鼓励（encourage）我尝试。其余选项含义为：force 强迫；persuade 劝说；order 命令，故选 A。【16 题详解】考查动词辨析。根据本句的时间状语 once 和 twice，以及下文的 a t
24、hird and fourth “pull”，可知此处应选 pull， “拉动” 。其余选项含义为：push 推动；raise 举起；carry搬运，故选 B。【17 题详解】考查名词辨析。根据前后句的 that was all I had 可知，此刻我已经用完了全部力气（strength） 。其余选项含义为：confidence 信心；breath 呼吸；faith 信念，故选 C。【18 题详解】考查副词辨析。根据上文内容可知，我需要 pull myself up，向上拉动自己，但此时已经用完了全部力气，因此需要他来推动我向上。up，指“向上” ， （chin-up 中的 up 也是重要线
25、索，chin-up 指“引体向上” ） 。其余选项含义为：away 离开；over 越过；forward 向前，故选 C。【19 题详解】考查名词辨析。根据上一段内容我在他的推动下只做了两个引体向上，和后文内容 I could only do two 以及本句的 again 可知，我每次只能做两个（two）引体向上。其余选7项含义为：one 一个；three 三个；four 四个，故选 B。【20 题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据本句的 I could only do two（我只能做两个） ，再结合下文的转折关系连词 but 以及其后的正态度形容词 amazed，可知此处应填负态度形容词，故选p
26、itiful，意为“遗憾的” ，其余选项含义为：lucky 幸运的；unfair 不公平的；funny 好笑的，故选 D。【21 题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据后文当作者训练消防员时，大多数受训者根本无法完成，因此，教练对于我的表现，印象深刻。其余选项含义为：busy 忙碌的；bored 厌烦的；strict 严格的，故选 A。【22 题详解】考查动词辨析。根据后文， “男性受训者被要求完成五个引体向上，女性受训者被要求完成一到两个引体向上”, 可知，这是教练在训练消防员，因此选择 training。其余选项含义为：examining 检查；watching 观看；interviewing 面试
27、，故选 D。【23 题详解】考查动词辨析。根据后句句意“大多数受训者根本无法完成引体向上”可知，教练在解释并以此来肯定我的表现。其余选项含义为：remembered 回忆；announced 宣布；worried担心，故选 C。【24 题详解】考查情态动词辨析。根据文意，教练对于我所能够做到的事情表示惊喜。其余选项含义为：would 将会；should 应该；might 或许，故选 A。【25 题详解】考查动词辨析。根据文意， “他继续告诉我，如果我每天锻炼，我会做到五个或六个” 。其余选项含义为：learned 学到；succeeded 成功；checked 检查，故选 B。【26 题详解】
28、考查动词辨析。根据文意， “在这点上，我或许应该补充到，要等到我 50 岁，并且变成一个女人” ，形容对我而言，难度很高。其余选项含义为：complain 抱怨；argue 争论；repeat 重复，故选 C。【27 题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据文意， “如果在一开始我被告知引体向上是难度很高的，那么我或许8都不会去尝试” 。虚拟语气来表达作者的主观想法。其余选项含义为：troublesome 让人厌烦的；rewarding 值得的；enjoyable 高兴的，故选 D。【28 题详解】考查连词辨析。根据文意， “或者我可能会尝试，但是仅仅付出一半的努力” 。其余选项含义为：so 因此；and
29、 并且；while 尽管，故选 C。【29 题详解】考查副词辨析。根据文意， “或者我可能会尝试，但是仅仅付出一半的努力” 。其余选项含义为：hardly 几乎不；entirely 完整地；nearly 几乎，故选 B。【30 题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据文意， “我为他鼓掌，因为他让我相信：对我而言，引体向上不仅仅是一种可能，更是可以靠努力而实现的” 。其余选项含义为：general 普遍的；vague 模糊的；traditional 传统的，故选 A。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题 3 根据上文“
30、Whenever I tend to complain and quit, I watch him push himself to his own limits”，可知每当我想要抱怨并且放弃时，我发现我自己被他的行为激励（motivated） 。其他选项含义为：satisfied 满意的；surprised 惊讶的；challenged 受到挑战的，故选 A。小题 10 根据本句的 I could only do two（我只能做两个） ，再结合下文的转折关系连词 but 以及其后的正态度形容词 amazed，可知此处应填负态度形容词，故选 pitiful，意为“遗憾的” ，其余选项含义为：l
31、ucky 幸运的；unfair 不公平的；funny 好笑的，故选 D。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 ABCD4 个选项中选出最佳答案并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADear Lora,Greetings from the Harvard Graduate School of Education! As we begin recruiting ( 招收 ) talented students from different backgrounds for the 2019-2020 academic year, w
32、e would like to ask about your plans for graduate study and highlight some new developments on the HGSE Admissions website.Apply to HGSE9We are pleased to announce that our online application is now live! You can access the form, requirements, and instructions on our website. The application deadlin
33、e for the Doctor of Education Leadership (Ed. L. D. ) is March 15, 2019, while the Master of Education (Ed. M. ) deadline is April 5, 2019.Doctor of Philosophy in Education ( Ph. D. ) HGSE and the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences ( GSAS ) additionally offer the students a Ph. D. In Educa
34、tion. Applications for this research-based doctorate (博士学位) must be sent to GSAS by February 20, 2019. Connect with HGSE We have begun posting the schedule of our fall recruitment events on our website, the first of which is the New York City Idealist Grad Fair on Thursday, January 31 . Please check
35、 our website for details about this and other off-campus and online information sessions. Note that we are continuing to add events as they are scheduled.Update Your Communication PreferencesPlease take a moment to update your information ( e. g. , contact info, program preference ) to reflect any c
36、hanges since you signed up Initially, so that we may communicate with you in a way that best fits your needs.If youre no longer considering HGSE for graduate study, click on the unsubscribe link at the bottom of this email message; you will no longer receive communications from the Admissions Office
37、.As always, you are welcome to contact us with your questions. We look forward to connecting with you in the near future and hope we will have a chance to read your application this spring.Sincerely,Julia Deland, Ed. M.Director of Admissions31. An application for Doctor of Education Leadership must
38、be submitted by _A. April 5, 2019B. March 15, 2019C. January 31, 2019D. February 20, 20191032. In the email, Lora is advised to _A. update her informationB. subscribe the email messagesC. post her schedule on the websiteD. organize some activities for the fair33. What is the purpose of the email?A.
39、To apply for positions.B. To ask for suggestions.C. To provide information.D. To make recommendations.【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C【解析】这是一篇应用文阅读。本文是哈佛大学教育学院为 2019-2020 年研究生招生而发的邮件。【31 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段 The application deadline for the Doctor of Education Leadership (Ed. L. D.) is March 15, 2019 可知“Doctor o
40、f Education Leadership”的申请截止日期为 2019 年 3 月 15 日，故选 B。【32 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第五段 Please take a moment to update your information, so that we may communicate with you in a way that best fits your needs.可知，Lora 被建议要更新她的信息，故选 A。【33 题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章，可知本文是哈佛大学教育学院为 2019-2020 年研究生招生而发的邮件，文章第一部分表明邮件目的；第二部分介绍了相关
41、专业的截止日期；第三部分介绍了秋季招生活动的时间；第四部分提出了更新个人信息的相关建议。整篇文章都是在介绍哈佛大学教育学院的研究生招生相关信息，故选 C。BAdam Zibluk is a 15-year-old Life Scout (童子军) in Troop 70 In Newtown, CT.He was also recently the Troops Senior Patrol Leader, the highest ranking boy in the troop!11Last summer, he, along with 15 other boys from the Troop
42、 completed scoutings greatest adventure, backpacking over 50 miles in 7 days in the wilderness at the Philmont Scout Ranch in New Mexico!While Adams Scouting achievements are impressive on their own, his time in Scouts has not always been so easy. Adam has hemophilla, a medical condition that can ca
43、use severe bleeding from even a slight Injury. And as a Boy Scout, spending much time out in the wilderness, It is quite common to get minor injuries. Because of his condition, Adam has had to miss some Scouting activities over the years.The first few days of Adams backpacklng in Philmont went smoot
44、h. But on the 3rd day, while unloading his gear at a remote campsite, he felt a sharp pain in his back. Adam told the adult leaders about his back and that he was starting to not feel well. They made the decision to call Philmont base camp to seek medical attention.It was getting dark and rain threa
45、tened. Two doctors set out into the night on backcountry road? and then hiked in the last 1/2 mile to find Adam. They did some tests and decided to take him back with them to base camp. It was a tough moment for Adam and for the rest of the scout crew. While Adam returned to base camp, the rest of t
46、he boys backpacked on. To encourage Adam, they took one of his shirts with them and took photos of it along the way, which they sent to him.A few days passed and Adam was feeling better. The doctors cleared him to return to the backcountry! Finally, Adam finished the trek with his crew. He is now on
47、e of the only Boy- Scouts with hemophilia to have ever participated in and completed a Philmont Trek.What encouraged Adam to take on this challenge despite the risk? “I thought 12it would be fun and a good thing to do as long as I was prepared. And my parents have always encouraged me to not let hem
48、ophilia be the only factor in ANY decision.34. What has stopped Adam from participating in some Scouting activities over the years?A. Inadequate trek experience. B. His fear of the wilderness.C. Lack of camping skills. D. His health condition.35. On the 3rd day of the Philmont Trek, _A. Adam needed
49、medical attentionB. the team was caught in the heavy rainC. two doctors hiked all the way to find AdamD. the rest of the boys backpacked on with Adams shirt36. Why did Adam participate in this challenging activity?A. He had a love for it.B. He was eager to be a leader.C. He wanted to set a record.D. His parents decided for him.37. Which
