1、12019 中考英语阅读、任务型阅读、完形填空精享新编（3）一、阅读理解。A（2019 中考教育类选练）Do you consider failure as an ending? Do you often feel after a failure that you are good for nothing? Then be careful, you are one of them who have bad relationship with failure. And this is the only reason why people often keep themselves away fr
2、om their success. The power of failure is that it helps us to learn fro our mistakes and missteps and we must consider a failure as an opportunity to grow rather than giving up.Lets discover the reasons why successful people believe that opportunity lies in every failure.Disappointment or failure sh
3、ows that you are tryingThe best way to gauge（衡量）your progress at something is to see how many times you failed. In case you havent failed yet, chances are that you havent tried hard yet.Look at all successful men and women throughout our history, they all had one thing in common. Thats to say they f
4、ailed not once but several times before they achieved success. Lets take an example of Thomas Edison: he failed a lot of times to find right filament（灯丝）for his light bulb. Henry Ford had a stronger relationship with failure, which inspired him to quote this unforgettable saying “failure is the oppo
5、rtunity to begin again, more intelligently.”Achievement lies in looking at failure as an opportunityJust like every successful person had one thing in common, similarly all unsuccessful persons throughout our history had one thing in common - their inability to use failure as an opportunity and a to
6、ol. If you feel your one failure is your ultimate （终极的）failure, and that feeling of sinking down is known as an ultimate failure, you are pushing yourself away from your expected success. Achievement is all about finding out what mistakes you made, what is the 2main cause of that failure, and how yo
7、u are going to make up for it.Success requires willpower, passion, hard work, intelligence, determination, but all of the above, success requires failure. Use your failure as an opportunity to learn, to become wiser and to reconsider your relationship with failure, the true key to success.1. Accordi
8、ng to the writer, why do people keep themselves away from their success?A. Because they dont set long-term goals.B. Because they havent got enough time.C. Because they cant deal with failure properly.D. Because they are disappointed in themselves.2. Why does the writer take the example of Thomas Edi
9、son?A. To explain the reasons for failure.B. To prove the importance of failure.C. To take pride in Thomas Edison.D. To introduce the process of making a light bulb.3. What can you learn from the passage?A. Failure can build up your confidence.B. Successful people seldom failed.C. Failure is more im
10、portant than success.D. Successful people use failure as a tool.参考答案 1. C 2. B 3. DB歌剧版红楼梦You must have read or heard of the sad love story between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu. But can you imagine the two singing opera in English instead of speaking poetic Chinese?Jia and Lin are two characters from the
11、 classic Chinese novel A Dream of Red Mansions(红楼梦), written by Cao Xueqin(17151763). Now the book has been 3made into an English language opera. The opera was first performed last September in San Francisco, US. This month it came to Beijing, Changsha and Wuhan.Many of the operas creators have back
12、grounds(背景)in both Chinese and American cultures, including the director and playwrights. Their understanding of both cultures helped them to change a Chinese classic into a foreignlanguage opera.The book, which covers the rise and fall of the Jia family, has 120 chapters and hundreds of characters.
13、 But opera writer David Henry Hwang cut down the number of characters to just seven. Hwang, a ChineseAmerican, focused on the love story between Jia and Lin and tried to write a heartbroken tragedy(悲剧) that everyone would understand.The art director Timmy Yip, from Hong Kong, tried to help foreign p
14、eople understand the characters using costumes(服装) and stage settings(布景). He compared Lin to water and gave her a light green costume. When Lin shows up on stage, there is usually water around her on the stage.The creators consider it to be a meaningful job to introduce a Chinese classic to Western
15、 audiences. Hwang told China Daily he was happy to “have made a contribution to the land where my parents were born”1. Who wrote the opera for the Chinese classic novel A Dream of Red Mansions?A. Lin Daiyu. B. Cao Xueqin. C. Jia Baoyu. D. David Henry Hwang.2. The opera was _A. sung in poetic Chinese
16、 B. first performed in BeijingC. performed in China after one year D. performed in many languages3. Which of the following is NOT a difference between the book and the opera?A. The language used. B. The sad love story.C. The number of characters. D. The whole familys story.4. Why did the creators ma
17、ke the book into an Englishlanguage opera?A. Because they had backgrounds in Western culture.B. Because they thought the book was not good enough.C. Because they hoped to help others learn English.D. Because they wanted Westerners to know about the Chinese novel.45. The best title of the passage is
18、probably _. A. A Dream of Red Mansions Is Popular B. Introduce the Chinese Classic to WesternersC. Turn the Chinese Classic into An OperaD. The Chinese Culture Is Colorful【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个外国人把中国的经典名著红楼梦改编成歌剧。创作者这样做的原因在于他们想让更多的人了解中国的经典文化，想把中国的文化传播出去。1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁为中国经典小说红楼梦写了这部歌剧？A 项：林黛玉；
19、B 项：曹雪芹；C 项：贾宝玉；D 项：戴维亨利黄。根据文章第四段第二句“But opera writer David Henry Hwang cut down the number of characters to just seven.”可知该歌剧的作者是戴维亨利黄。故选 D。2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这个歌剧是_。A 项：以诗歌形式用汉语唱出来；B 项：首场表演在北京；C 项：一年后在中国表演；D 项：用许多种语言表演。根据文章第二段第三、四句“The opera was first performed last September.This month it came t
20、o Beijing.”，可知一年后在中国演出。故选 C。3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪项不是这本书和这部歌剧的差异？A 项：语言的使用；B 项：悲伤的爱情故事；C 项：人物的数量；D 项：整个家庭的故事。根据第四段最后一句“.tried to write a heartbroken tragedy(悲剧) that everyone would understand.”可知红楼梦这本书被改成歌剧后依然是个悲剧。故选 B。4. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么创作者们把这本书变成英语歌剧？A 项：因为他们有西方文化的背景；B 项：因为他们认为这本书不够好；C 项：因为他们
21、希望帮助其他人学习英语；D 项：因为他们想让西方人了解中国的小说。根据文章第六段第一句“The creators consider it to be a meaningful job to introduce a Chinese classic to Western audiences.”可知作者们认为把中国经典介绍给西方人是一件有意义的事情，从而推测出作者想让西方人了解这部中国经典小说。故选 D。5. C 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题可能是_。A 项：红楼梦是受欢迎的；B 项：把中国的经典介绍给西方人；C 项：把中国的经典变成歌剧；D 项：中国的文化是丰富多彩的。根据文章
22、的整体内容可知这篇文章主要提到把红楼梦改编成歌剧。故选 C。5C（2019 年选练-科普环保类）This March, the H7N9 virus (病毒) hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on. It seemed that most people who were infected(被感染) with H7N9 had the common flu. Some people suffered from a fever or a cough. Dont be afraidits not easy to be infected wi
23、th the virus. Here is some advice to help you protect yourself when it comes. Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and hot water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals, because your hands may carry viruses. Cover your nose and mouth. When someone snee
24、zes(打喷嚏) or coughs, flu viruses can travel as far as one meter through the air, so youd better stand a proper distance (距离) while talking to someone who has a cold. And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough, and then clean your hands.Wear a mask(口罩). Some do
25、ctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%, but if you dont wash your hands often, its no use wearing a mask. And its necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people.Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus. 21When did the H7N9 virus hit Shan
26、ghai?AIn March, 2013. BIn May, 2013. CIn March, 2012.22Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?ASome people who were infected with the H7N9 virus had a toothache.BYou should cover your mouth and n ose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough.CSome doctors say that masks can sto
27、p the flu as much as 100%.23How many ways to stop the virus are mentioned in the passage?6AThree. BFour. CFive.24What does the underlined word “resist ” mean in Chinese?A抵抗 B传播 C感染25Whats the main idea of this passage?AIt tells us how to wash hands.BIt tells us why we should use masks.CIt gives us s
28、ome advice on how to protect ourselves when the H7N9 virus comes.【参考答案】1A 2B 3B 4A 5C【解析】主旨大意：这篇短文主要介绍了如何预防 H7N9 流感的几条措施。1本题根据 Shanghai 定位到第一句，this March 即可得出答案为 A。 2本题最好用排除法解题，A 选项定位在第一段第二句和第三句，选项 A 错误在toothache，C 选项定位倒数第二段的第二句，Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%,与选项 Cas muc
29、h as 80%不符合，所以答案为 B 3本题为分散型细节题，根据题干要求以及定位到第二段 Here is some advice to help you protect yourself when it comes.往下数，即可得出 Wash your hands. Cover your nose and mouth. Wear a mask(口罩).Do sports often. 四点，即可得出答案为 B 4细节题（猜词题） 。根据 Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus，其中 to 表目的
30、，锻炼能够有强壮的身体去抵抗病毒，也可用选项代入法解题，选取最符合文章逻辑的，答案为 B 5主旨题。该题属于主旨题中主题题，分析选项，A 属于文章中的段落主旨，属于文章细节，不能代替主旨，排除 A，同理，B 选项排除，答案为 C。该题也同样可用反推法解题。二、任务型阅读。阅读表达。Should Shanghai bid for(申办 ) the Summer Olympics in 2028? Here are some peoples opinions.Some people said, “The games will improve Shanghais global influence a
31、nd the city is powerful and must try to become a platform(平台) for major international dialogues.43. Shanghai has succeeded in holding the World Expo in 2010 and the 7city can also hold a successful Summer Olympics.” Others, however, are not sure that its a good idea. They think the Olympics would be
32、 too expensive and the money could be better spent on other things.44.The 2008 Beijing Olympics brought much prestige(声望) to the city and to China, but its cost, over $40 million, was high and the Olympic site(场地) in the center of the city is now largely unused. Could Shanghai learn from Beijings ex
33、perience and do it better?My answer is yes. As one American said, “A great city has to do great things.” Shanghai is a great city and is not afraid of facing challenges. Holding the 2028 Summer Olympics would prove that.1Why dont some people agree to bid for the 2028 Summer Olympics?2How much did th
34、e 2008 Beijing Olympics cost?将划线句子翻译成汉语：34给文章起一个适当的标题：5【答案】1Because they think the Olympics would be too expensive and the money could be better spent on other things.2It cost over $40 million3上海已经成功的举办了 2010 年的世博会，这个城市也能举办一届成功的夏季奥运会。42008 年的北京奥运会给北京和中国带来了很大的声望，但是它的花费，4000 万美元是很高的，并且位于市中心的奥林匹克运动场地现在
35、并没有充分的被利用。5Should Shanghai bid for(申办) the Summer Olympics in 2028?【解析】试题分析：就上海申办 2028 年夏季奥运会这个问题人们有不同的观点，一些人不同意举办2028 年夏季奥运会是因为他们认为奥运会太贵了，这些钱能更好地花在其他事情上。作者的8答案是应该申办。1据 Others, however, are not sure that its a good idea. They think the Olympics would be too expensive and the money could be better sp
36、ent on other things.,故一些人不同意举办 2028 年夏季奥运会是因为他们认为奥运会太贵了，这些钱能更好地花在其他事情上。Because they think the Olympics would be too expensive and the money could be better spent on other things2根据 but its cost, over $40 million,可知 2008 年奥运会花了 4 千万多美元，It cost over $40 million。3上海已经成功的举办了 2010 年的世博会，这个城市也能举办一届成功的夏季奥运
37、会。.42008 年的北京奥运会给北京和中国带来了很大的声望，但是它的花费，4000 万美元是很高的，并且位于市中心的奥林匹克运动场地现在并没有充分的被利用。.5通读全文且据 Should Shanghai bid for(申办) the Summer Olympics in 2028? Here are some peoples opinions.，故正确答案为 上海应该申办 2028 年夏季奥运会吗？Should Shanghai bid for(申办) the Summer Olympics in 2028?.【难度】较难三、完形填空We spent a day in the count
38、ry and picked a lot of flowers. Our car was full of 1 inside. On the way home my wife saw a bookshelf outside a furniture (家具) shop. “Buy it,“ she said at once. “Well 2 it home on the roof-rack (车顶架). Ive always wanted one like that.“Ten minutes _3_ we were back with the bookshelf. 1 drove slowly. O
39、ther drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The 4 even stopped traffic to let us through.After a rime my wife said, “Theres a long line of cars 5 . Why dont they overtake (超车)?“Just at that time a police car did overtake, and two officers inside asked us to 6 their car through the busy
40、traffic. The police car stopped at our village church（教堂）.One of the officers came to me and said, “Do you need any more 7 now?“ I 9didnt quite understand. So I said, “Youve been very 8 . We live just down the road.“He was looking at our things, first at the flowers, then at the bookshelf. “Well, we
41、ll,“ he said and 9 , “Its a bookshelf youve got here! We thought it was er, something else.“My wife began to laugh. Suddenly I understood 10 the police drove here. 1. A. books B. flowers C. fruits D.vegetables2. A. take B. carry C. send D. hold3. A. before B. after C. later D. ago4. A. drivers B. police C. cleaners D. sellers5. A. behind B. before C. beside D. back6. A. take B. follow C. move D. drive7. A. time B. money C. help D. water8. A. kind B. clever C. polite D. popular9. A. laughed B. cried C. shouted D. jumped10. A. how B. what C. who D. why【参考答案】18、1-5 BBCBA 6-10 BCAAD10
