1、 IEC TR 62981 Edition 1.0 2017-05 TECHNICAL REPORT Studies and comparisons of magnetic measurements on grain-oriented electrical steelsheet determined by the single sheet test method and Epstein test method IEC TR 62981:2017-05(en) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2017
2、 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IECs member National Comm
3、ittee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information. IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02
4、11 3, rue de Varemb Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 CH-1211 Geneva 20 infoiec.ch Switzerland www.iec.ch About the IEC The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologi
5、es. About IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published. IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue The stand-alone application for consulti
6、ng the entire bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and iPad. IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a vari
7、ety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,). It also gives information on projects, replaced and withdrawn publications. IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details all new publications released. Available
8、online and also once a month by email. Electropedia - www.electropedia.org The worlds leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing 20 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional languages. Also known as the International Electrot
9、echnical Vocabulary (IEV) online. IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary 65 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 8
10、6 and CISPR. IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: csciec.ch. IEC TR 62981 Edition 1.0 2017-05 TECHNICAL REPORT Studies and comparisons of magnetic measurement
11、s on grain-oriented electrical steelsheet determined by the single sheet test method and Epstein test method INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 29.030 ISBN 978-2-8322-4332-9 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this pub
12、lication from an authorized distributor. colour inside 2 IEC TR 62981:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions 6 4 Background . 7 4.1 Historical background and former concepts of the SST-Epstein relationship 7 4.2 Establishing reference values fo
13、r grain-oriented electrical steels determined by independent SSTs A new approach to the purpose 8 5 Preliminary comparisons and experiments . 9 5.1 General . 9 5.2 Comparison of the relative difference P SE= (P SST P eps )/P Epsmeasured by steel manufacturers on their own products using own set-ups
14、10 5.3 Preliminary comparisons and experiments made by four Chinese laboratories using six SSTs with stacked yokes 11 5.4 Necessity of comparing independent SST results 13 6 International comparison of SST measurements on grain-oriented electrical steel and accompanying Epstein measurements 15 6.1 G
15、eneral conditions, samples, participants . 15 6.2 Circulation of the samples and measurement procedure . 16 6.3 Results and analysis of the measured quantities . 17 6.4 Conclusions of the international comparison . 30 7 Summary and conclusions . 31 Bibliography 32 Figure 1 Epstein frame and single s
16、heet tester, schematic view, windings partly omitted . 7 Figure 2 Relative difference P SE= 100 (P SST P EP ) / P EPversus peak magnetic polarization J measured by six contributors on samples of their own products . 10 Figure 3 Contact pattern for the measurement of lamination resistance in the air
17、gap of SST yokes 11 Figure 4 Ratio of the power loss P SSTto that of the SST with the best yokes, P SSTopt , versus lamination conductivity factor C Yof the yokes 12 Figure 5 Ratio of the power loss at 100 Hz to that at 40 Hz, P 100 /P 40 , at 1,7 T, versus lamination conductivity factor C Yof the y
18、okes 13 Figure 6 Relative difference P SE= 100(P SST P EP ) / P EPversus magnetic polarization . 14 Figure 7 Relative difference P SE= 100(P SST P EP ) / P EPat 1,7 T determined by three standard laboratories, IEN, NPL and PTB, on S- and P-type g.-o. sample pairs . 14 Figure 8 Dispersion of manufact
19、urers grain-oriented material production in form of Epstein samples (PTB 1999) . 15 Figure 9 Example of scattering of the laboratories best estimates around the reference value (CGO sample No. 2, unweighted average, dash-dotted line) 18 Figure 10 Example of scattering of the laboratories best estima
20、tes around the reference value (HGO sample No. 4, unweighted average, dash-dotted line) 19 Figure 11 Example of scattering of the laboratories best estimates around the reference value (HGO sample No. 5, unweighted average, dash-dotted line) 19 Figure 12 Samples No. 1 to No. 5: ratio of SST to Epste
21、in power loss reference values P SE (J p ) = ( ) / at 50 Hz versus peak polarization 20 IEC TR 62981:2017 IEC 2017 3 Figure 13 Overall dispersion (all labs, J pvalues, and samples) of the laboratories best estimates P iof the power loss at 50 Hz around their reference values . 23 Figure 14 Overall d
22、ispersion (all labs, J pvalues, and samples) of the laboratories best estimates S iof the apparent power at 50 Hz around their reference values, with and without outliers . 24 Figure 15 Dispersion around the reference value of the laboratories best values of the power loss P measured at 50 Hz by the
23、 Epstein and the SST methods at 1,7 T 25 Figure 16 Dispersion around the reference value of the laboratories best values of the apparent power S measured at 50 Hz by the Epstein and the SST methods at 1,7 T . 26 Figure 17 Overall dispersion (European metrological laboratories only, all J pvalues and
24、 samples) of the laboratories best estimates P iof the power loss at 50 Hz around their reference values, with and without outliers 27 Figure 18 Dispersion of the laboratories best estimates of SST (a) and Epstein (b) power loss at 50 Hz 28 Figure 19 Dispersion of the laboratories best estimates of
25、SST (a) and Epstein (b) power loss at 50 Hz 29 Figure 20 Dispersion of the laboratories best estimates, represented by the standard deviation of SST (red) and Epstein (blue) power loss (a) and apparent power (b) at 50 Hz, versus the peak value of the polarization, J P , summarizing Figures 18 and 19
26、 . 30 Table 1 Participating laboratories . 16 Table 2 Circulated grain-oriented electrical steel test samples . 17 Table 3 Reference values at 50 Hz for the power loss P and the apparent power S 21 Table 4 Standard deviations associated with the reference values at 50 Hz for the power loss P and the
27、 apparent power S (Table 3) 22 Table 5 Reference values at 50 Hz of the polarization at H = 800 A/m J 800and standard deviation of the distribution of the laboratories best estimates . 22 Table 6 Relative standard deviations of 50 Hz power loss P and apparent power S distributions around their refer
28、ence values 27 4 IEC TR 62981:2017 IEC 2017 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ STUDIES AND COMPARISONS OF MAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS ON GRAIN-ORIENTED ELECTRICAL STEELSHEET DETERMINED BY THE SINGLE SHEET TEST METHOD AND EPSTEIN TEST METHOD FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commissio
29、n (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in ad
30、dition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)“). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee inter
31、ested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance w
32、ith conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested
33、 IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible f
34、or the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence betwee
35、n any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conf
36、ormity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and memb
37、ers of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication o
38、r any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication m
39、ay be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected
40、 data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC TR 62981, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 68: Magnetic alloys and steels. The text of this technical report is based on the foll
41、owing documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 68/535/DTR 68/543/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. IEC TR 62981:2017 IEC 2017 5 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/
42、IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdr
43、awn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its cont
44、ents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. 6 IEC TR 62981:2017 IEC 2017 STUDIES AND COMPARISONS OF MAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS ON GRAIN-ORIENTED ELECTRICAL STEELSHEET DETERMINED BY THE SINGLE SHEET TEST METHOD AND EPSTEIN TEST METHOD 1 Scope This document, which is a Technica
45、l Report, provides the results of international exercises and comparisons focusing on achieving the knowledge of the statistical performance of single sheet tester (SST) measurements made on grain-oriented electrical steel. These experiments aim at specifying obligatory reference values, measured by
46、 the single sheet test method, for the grading of high permeability (P grades) grain-oriented (g.-o.) materials, independently from the Epstein classification as it is practiced today. Besides this, Epstein test measurements have been made in order to gain more up-to-date statistical performance for
47、 comparison with the SST statistical characteristics. A few experiments were carried out aiming at improved knowledge on the systematic error performance of the SST, i.e. they were to determine the correlation between the quality of insulation separating laminations in the SST yokes and the measured
48、 loss. There are various designations for “non-oriented electrical sheet steel“ and for “grain-oriented electrical sheet steel“ in use, for example in the IEC 60404 classification and specification standards, and there are also abbreviations like CGOS (for conventional grain-oriented steel) often us
49、ed in industry. In this report, the following designations and abbreviations are used: electrical steel as generic term; n.-o- electrical steel and g.-o. electrical steel as generic terms for these two types; S-type electrical streel or c. g.-o. electrical steel for “conventional grain-oriented electrical steel“; P-type g.-o. electrical steel or high-permeability g.-o. electrical steel; DR g.-o. electrical steel for “domain refined grain-
