1、An American National StandardPublished by the American Nuclear Society 555 N. Kensington AveLa Grange Park, IL 60526ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014 Selection, Qualification, and Trainingof Personnel for Nuclear Power PlantsANSI/ANS-3.1-2014ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014American National Standard Selection, Qualification, and
2、Training of Personnel for Nuclear Power PlantsSecretariatAmerican Nuclear SocietyPrepared by theAmerican Nuclear Society Standards Committee Working Group ANS-3.1Published by theAmerican Nuclear Society555 North Kensington AvenueLa Grange Park, Illinois 60525 USAApproved November 20, 2014by theAmeri
3、can National Standards Institute, Inc.Designation of this document as an American National Standard attests that the principles of openness and due process have been followed in the approval procedure and that a consensus of those directly and materially affected by the standard has been achieved.Th
4、is standard was developed under the procedures of the Standards Committee of the American Nuclear Society; these procedures are accredited by the American National Standards Institute, Inc., as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The consensus committee that approved the standard w
5、as balanced to ensure that competent, concerned, and varied interests have had an opportunity to participate.An American National Standard is intended to aid industry, consumers, governmental agencies, and general interest groups. Its use is entirely voluntary. The existence of an American National
6、Standard, in and of itself, does not preclude anyone from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard.By publication of this standard, the American Nuclear Society does not insure anyone utilizing the standard against liability all
7、egedly arising from or after its use. The content of this standard reflects acceptable practice at the time of its approval and publication. Changes, if any, occurring through developments in the state of the art, may be considered at the time that the standard is subjected to periodic review. It ma
8、y be reaffirmed, revised, or withdrawn at any time in accordance with established procedures. Users of this standard are cautioned to determine the validity of copies in their possession and to establish that they are of the latest issue.The American Nuclear Society accepts no responsibility for int
9、erpretations of this standard made by any individual or by any ad hoc group of individuals. Responses to inquiries about requirements, recommendations, and/or permissive statements (i.e., “shall,” “should,” and “may,” respectively) should be sent to the Standards Department at Society Headquarters.
10、Action will be taken to provide appropriate response in accordance with established procedures that ensure consensus.Comments on this standard are encouraged and should be sent to Society Headquarters.Published byAmerican Nuclear Society555 North Kensington AvenueLa Grange Park, Illinois 60526 USATh
11、is document is copyright protected.Copyright 2014 by American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.Any part of this standard may be quoted. Credit lines should read “Extracted from American National Standard ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014 with permission of the publisher, the American Nuclear Society.” Reproduct
12、ion prohibited under copyright convention unless written permission is granted by the American Nuclear Society. Printed in the United States of AmericaAmerican National StandardAmerican National Standard ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014The American Nuclear Society (ANS) Standards Committee will provide responses t
13、o inquiries about requirements, recommendations, and/or permissive statements (i.e., “shall,” “should,” and “may,” respectively) in American National Standards that are developed and approved by ANS. Responses to inquiries will be provided according to the Policy Manual for the ANS Standards Committ
14、ee. Nonrelevant inquiries or those concerning unrelated subjects will be returned with appropriate explanation. ANS does not develop case interpretations of requirements in a standard that are applicable to a specific design, operation, facility, or other unique situation only, and therefore is not
15、intended for generic application.Responses to inquiries on standards are published in ANSs magazine, Nuclear News, and are available publicly on the ANS Web site or by contacting the ANS Standards Administrator.Inquiry requests shall include the following:(1) the name, company name if applicable, ma
16、iling address, and telephone number of the inquirer;(2) reference to the applicable standard edition, section, paragraph, figure, and/or table;(3) the purpose(s) of the inquiry;(4) the inquiry stated in a clear, concise manner;(5) a proposed reply, if the inquirer is in a position to offer one.Inqui
17、ries should be addressed toAmerican Nuclear SocietyATTN: Standards Administrator555 N. Kensington AvenueLa Grange Park, IL 60526or standardsans.orgInquiry RequestsInquiry FormatAmerican National Standard ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014American National Standard ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014-i-American National Standard ANSI/
18、ANS-3.1-2014(This foreword is not a part of American National Standard “Selection, Qualification, and Training of Personnel for Nuclear Power Plants”, ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014.)Proper selection, qualification, and training of personnel are significant factors in ensuring the safe, reliable, and efficient o
19、peration of nuclear power plants. It is through these processes that personnel responsible for the various aspects of nuclear power plant operation can understand the complexities of the power plant and the impacts that their individual activities have on safe plant operation.This standard contains
20、criteria for the selection, qualification, and training of personnel for the operating organization of stationary nuclear power plants.The criteria in the standard are organized by functional levels of responsibility that generally occur in nuclear power plant organizations. Specific education and e
21、xperience criteria are presented based on a consensus of job requirements. Training requirements reflect the industry practice of training based on a systematic analysis of the training needs and on performance-based training. Each owner organization defines the power plant organization that meets i
22、ts specific situation, and adapts training and other criteria to meet the specific situation.This standard might reference documents and other standards that have been superseded or withdrawn at the time the standard is applied. A statement has been included in the references section that provides g
23、uidance on the use of references.This standard does not incorporate the concepts of generating risk-informed insights, or a graded approach to quality assurance. The user is advised that one or more of these techniques could enhance the application of this standard.This standard specifies minimum qu
24、alification for levels of management and individuals. For an organization to be effective, the collective qualifications of the plant staff should exceed the sum of the individual qualifications specified in the standard.The purpose of the 2014 revision is to update the standard in the following are
25、as: align the American Nuclear Society, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations with industry training and stan-dards; provide a common language across the industry; incorporate the past 20 years of learning and experience with nuclear power plant traini
26、ng program implementation and performance; better address supplemental training and qualification; update positions in light of new nuclear power plant construction, current posi-tion terminology, and evolving technology.This standard was prepared by Working Group ANS-3.1 of the Standards Committee
27、of the American Nuclear Society, whose membership was as follows:J. A. Sickle (Chair), Exelon NuclearT. E. Amundson, Southern Nuclear Operating CompanyS. Bauer, Nuclear Energy Institute T. J. Green, Arizona Public Service CompanyK. Hamlin, Institute of Nuclear Power OperationsJ. W. Hiatt, BHI Energy
28、R. Hons, Southern Nuclear Operating CompanyForeword-ii-American National Standard ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014P. Knoetgen, Institute of Nuclear Power OperationsT. C. Kolb, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission A. Lindsay, Duke EnergyM. D. Llewellyn, Institute of Nuclear Power OperationsG. W. Ludlam, Exelon Nuclea
29、rE. McAndrew-Benavides, Nuclear Energy Institute J. H. Murray, PSEG Nuclear R. M. Pelton, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission J. Phelps, STP Nuclear Operating Company C. R. Sizemore, NextEra Energy G. W. Steele, SCANAR. Smith, Wolf Creek Nuclear Operating CorporationG. Sparks, EntergyS. A. Wender, Fi
30、rst Energy Nuclear Operating Company Subcommittee ANS-21, Maintenance, Operations Testing the word “should” to denote a recommendation; and the word “may” to denote permission, neither a requirement nor a recommendation.2.3 DefinitionsThe following definitions are of a restricted nature for the purp
31、ose of this standard.active status: Actively perform the functions of a reactor operator or senior operator on a minimum of seven 8-hour or five 12-hour shifts per calendar quarter. certification: Documented confirmation of the successful completion of a qualification program.1) The current standard
32、, ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014, is herein referred to as “this standard.”Selection, Qualification, and Training of Personnel for Nuclear Power Plants2American National Standard ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014comparable facility: A commercial power reactor of the same type, e.g., a boiling water reactor (BWR) design, regardl
33、ess of vendor or vintage within that reactor design type.education: Successful completion of the requirements established by an accredited educational in-stitution.licensed operator: Any individual who possesses an operators license pursuant to Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 55, “Operat
34、ors Licenses” 1.2)licensed senior operator: Any individual who possesses a senior operators license pursuant to 10 CFR 55 1.nuclear power plant: Any facility comprised of one or more nuclear power units using a nuclear reactor to produce electric power, process steam, or space heating.nuclear power
35、plant experience: Applicable work performed in a nuclear power plant (commercial or military) during preoperational, startup testing, construction, or operational activities. on-site experience: Applicable work performed at the plant for which the individual seeks qualifi-cation. operating organizat
36、ion: The organization concerned with daily operation, maintenance, and relat-ed technical services. This organization includes personnel located off-site who provide operational support.owner organization: The organization, including the on-site operating organization that has overall legal, financi
37、al, and technical responsibility for the operation of one or more nuclear power plants.participation: Active performance in the duties and responsibilities related to the function for which the candidate is being considered. Nonstructured observation is not equivalent to participation.power plant ex
38、perience: Experience acquired in the testing, operation, construction, or mainte-nance of power generating facilities, including nonnuclear facilities. power plant staff: A manager, supervisor, or staff member responsible for the coordination and im-plementation of any of the following: plant equipm
39、ent controls; integrated operations procedures; operations; maintenance; radiological support; modifications; maintenance planning; work control; chemistry; accredited training.preoperational testing: Tests conducted following completion of construction and construction- related inspections and test
40、s, but prior to fuel loading, to demonstrate, to the extent practical, the capability of structures, systems, and components to meet the performance requirements to satisfy the design criteria.qualification: The combination of education, experience, special requirements (e.g., a license), and traini
41、ng required to meet specific job performance criteria.2) Numbers in brackets refer to corresponding numbers in Sec. 7, “References.”3American National Standard ANSI/ANS-3.1-2014qualified nonlicensed operator: Qualified for all power block and safety systems operations. Time as a qualified nonlicense
42、d operator counts from the day the last such power block or safety system operation watch station qualification is attained.related experience: Experience in performing job duties similar to that for which the individual seeks qualification, and which may or may not be at a nuclear power plant. rela
43、ted science: Related science programs include course work in the physical, mathematical, or engineering sciences. responsible nuclear power plant experience: Responsible nuclear power plant experience for a li-censed senior operator is having actively performed as a licensed operator, as a qualified
44、 nonlicensed operator, or as power plant staff involved in the day-to-day activities at a commercial nuclear power plant facility. startup testing: Test activities that are to be performed during and following fuel loading. These activities include precritical tests, initial criticality, low-power t
45、ests, and power-ascension tests that confirm the design bases and demonstrate, to the extent practical, that the plant will operate in accordance with design and is capable of responding as designed to anticipated transients and postu-lated accidents.structured observation: Observation activity incl
46、uded as part of training program requirements. supplemental personnel: Persons who conduct work or provide services on- or off-site who are not full-time station personnel. These include any of the following: contractors and vendors who perform work on-site; contractors and vendors who perform work
47、off-site, such as engineering modifications or analy-ses, component fabrication, equipment refurbishment, and equipment testing; personnel from another location within the owner organization or from an industry alliance who perform work on-site, such as shared resources during outages; owner organiz
48、ation personnel who may only work part time at the station, such as switchyard personnel, refueling personnel, and roving valve or turbine teams; owner organization personnel from another location who perform work off-site, such as corporate engineering support.task: A well-defined unit of work havi
49、ng an identifiable beginning and end. task qualification: Measures used to evaluate and designate qualifications to perform an assigned task. Measures include training, evaluations, and meeting established experience, knowledge, and skill requirements. task qualified: Documented approval from line management to independently perform a task. training: An instructional program designed to develop or improve performance on the job.3 Functional levels and assignment of responsibility3.1 Operating organizationThe owner organization may organize the functional
