1、2013年长江大学专升本（英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：94.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00)I can remember vividly the long, cold wintry nights, when I was a very young child, getting all wrapped up after supper, putting on the mitts, scarf, the heavy winter boots(with the imitation fur at the top), and hea
2、ding out into the night to the store with my grandmother. As the snowflakes fell softly down upon us, even my hair, which was sticking out under my cap, was white-resembling my grandmothers. I loved kicking the snow beneath my feet, and I especially loved the warm feeling(although it was very cold o
3、utside), as my grandma held my hand ever so gently, but securely. I always felt so safe with her-she was so quiet and gentle, and always so good to me-too good! I tremble to think how many times I embarrassed her in front of people, just to get my own way, or at least try to. I can remember going wi
4、th her to MacDonalds Store down on Park Street right next to my friend Faye Ponds house. Upon entering the store, I was always astonished to see the boat in the big glass bottle. I never did figure out just how the boat got into the bottle, although it kept me up at night wondering. The store was fi
5、lled with all kinds of groceries but they were of no interest to me. All that was on my mind, besides the boat in the bottle, were the many tasty candy treats under the glass-covered counter, just begging to be tasted; and a willing and happy taster I always was. Grandma always bought me a bag of ca
6、ndy, which in those days really was a “ Big Bag of Candy“. Grandma would buy some groceries and my bag of candy and then wed begin our short walk back home in the snow. In the distance you could hear the bells of Holy Cross Catholic Church ringing. I always loved to listen to the church bells, but t
7、hey held a special meaning on these occasions when I was walking hand in hand in the winter snow with my Grandma.（分数：10.00）(1).When I headed out into the night to the store with my grandma,_.（分数：2.00）A.I was very happy because I could enjoy my supper in MacDonalds storeB.snowflakes fell down upon us
8、, which made my grandmas black hair whiteC.I liked to hold my grandmas hand to feel safeD.I trembled on the way because it was cold(2).The phrase “get my own way“(Para. 3)means_.（分数：2.00）A.getting what I wantB.moving through the heavy snowC.going anywhere as I likeD.persisting my own ways(3).When we
9、 went to MacDonalds store,_.（分数：2.00）A.how the boat got into the bottle kept me up at night wonderingB.candy together with the boat was all on my mindC.the seller begged me to taste the candyD.my grandma bought some groceries and I bought candy(4).Why did the church bells hold a special meaning?（分数：
10、2.00）A.My grandma bought me a big bag of candy.B.Grandma and I bought what we needed.C.I had the deep love for my grandma in the wintry night.D.The bells sounded warm in the cold wintry night.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.I always enjoyed myself in the long walk from our h
11、ome to MacDonalds storeB.MacDonalds store was a long way from my homeC.I regretted making my grandma embarrassed many times when I was youngD.I loved my grandma because she always bought me bags of candyThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumer
12、s may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisements have appealed to peoples desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive(汽车的)products that improve gasoline mileage(里程). Some of the products work.
13、Others are worthless and a waste of consumers money. Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago, a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic(适于节食的), but there were the sa
14、me number of calories in every loaf. On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumers real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is pr
15、otected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising. Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefit
16、s of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.（分数：10.00）(1).Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by_.（分数：2.00）A.stress
17、ing their high qualityB.convincing him of their low priceC.maintaining a balance between quality and priceD.appealing to his buying motives(2).The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that_.（分数：2.00）A.thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB.the loaf was cut into regular slic
18、esC.the bread was not genuine breadD.the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same(3).The passage tells us that_.（分数：2.00）A.sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needsB.advertisements always force consumers into buying things they dont needC.the buying motives of consum
19、ers are controlled by advertisementD.fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment(4).It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should_.（分数：2.00）A.think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB.reject to buy products with advertisementsC.be familiar with vario
20、us advertising methodsD.avoid buying products that have a lot of advertisements(5).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.how to make a wise buying decisionB.ways to protect the interests of the consumerC.the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD.the function of advertisements in promoting
21、salesThe struggle to succeed in one of the worlds most competitive societies is starting earlier and earlier, and is most evident in the growing popularity of special schools that train students during evenings and weekends to pass the examinations required to enter private schools and colleges. Onc
22、e on the edge of the educational system, such schools, or jukus, are now so common in Japan that, especially for those people at the top level of society, they have begun to replace regular schools in importance for parents and students and even reaching down to 2 and 3-year-old children. The rise o
23、f jukus is praised by some as one of the secrets of Japanese success, a healthy sign of a system where people advance on the basis of merit. It is also criticized as a movement forcing a new generation of Japanese to sacrifice their childhood out of an extreme desire for status and getting ahead. Th
24、e people who run and teach at jukus say the schools are popular only because they work, creating a lively and interesting environment in which students learn because they are enjoying themselves. One of the most prestigious jukus for 2 and 3-year-olds sends most of its pre-kindergarten graduates to
25、prestigious elementary schools. If these students get good grades in a prestigious school, they can advance all the way to a university without having to take examinations. Jukus defenders say that students are only gaining the discipline and the ability to endure pressure that they will need in lif
26、e. But the very success of jukus in training youngsters to pass exams has made the competition worse: jukus help more students pass exams, so the exams have to be made more difficult. “ Jukus are raising a generation of kids who only know how to pass entrance examinations,“ said an official of the J
27、apan Teachers Union. “ But the most important educational purpose is giving children the ability to live in society.Thats being left out.“ The Education Ministry has tried to combat the juku system by improving public schools, reducing class sizes, improving teacher training, and making the curricul
28、um more flexible. But ministry officials concede that those steps have not worked.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, jukus_.（分数：2.00）A.are praised as key to Japanese success by the majority of the Japanese societyB.are welcome because they create a better environment than public schoolsC.are cr
29、iticized because they are not so effective as they boastD.are popular because the society is very competitive(2).“a prestigious school“ in Para. 3, Line 4 most probably refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.a school that serves people at the top level of the societyB.a school that train students in their spare time
30、C.a school that enjoys high reputationD.a school that is good at creating good environment for students(3).The rise of jukus is because_.（分数：2.00）A.they can take the place of regular schoolB.they help students gain the ability to endure pressure in future lifeC.they help students enter universities
31、without taking examsD.they help more students pass exams(4).According to the passage, the government_in order to fight the juku system.（分数：2.00）A.has conducted some trialsB.has worked out a completely new curriculumC.has managed to improve public schoolsD.has taken a couple of flexible measures(5).T
32、he author may be a_.（分数：2.00）A.manager of a jukuB.critic of jukuC.defender of jukuD.government officialNoah Webster, one of the founding fathers of America, was born in the village of west Hartford, Connecticut on October 16, 1758. He was a descendant of William Bradford, governor of the Plymouth Co
33、lony. Noah graduated from Yale College, studied law, and practiced it for a short time before deciding upon a career in teaching. It was while teaching school that Noah sought to fulfill his calling and use his talents to the betterment of the educational system of the newly formed Republic. He soug
34、ht to build an educational system embracing the “love of virtue, patriotism, and religion “.He believed that “education was useless without the Bible.“ Mr. Webster wrote, “in my view, the Christian religion is one of the first things in which all children ought to be instructed.“ In 1780, while teac
35、hing school, he compiled The Blue-Backed Speller, an elementary spelling book, which sold well into the millions. Noah also compiled grammar books, readers, literature books, American history texts, etc. In his textbooks he promoted Christian character building and patriotism. Noah Webster, though a
36、ccomplishing great works for early America, had another dream. He one day hoped to present to his country the first American dictionary. After many painstaking years of research and study, learning twenty languages, and with the encouragement of Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and other American l
37、eaders, Noah Webster completed the first American dictionary. It was published in 1828 in two volumes, entitled The American Dictionary of the English Language. Webster recorded the entire manuscript of the dictionary by hand. The volume of words exceeded all others, with the total number of words d
38、efined reaching 70,000. This included 12,000 new words and 40,000 new definitions never before printed in a dictionary. He held to high Christian standards, refusing to admit vulgarism and slang into Americas first dictionary. Noah Websters 1828 dictionary surpassed all others of his day and became
39、a mark of excellence to the new republic.（分数：10.00）(1).Noah Websters first job was_.（分数：2.00）A.teachingB.compiling dictionaryC.building an educational systemD.practicing law(2).Noah Webster hoped that through education_.（分数：2.00）A.students could learn to love virtue, patriotism and religionB.all peo
40、ple could get well educatedC.students could develop comprehensivelyD.students could become Christians(3).One of Noah Websters dream was_.（分数：2.00）A.writing more books for AmericansB.compiling an American dictionaryC.educating all AmericansD.promoting patriotism(4).Which of the following is Not true?
41、（分数：2.00）A.Websters research and study got the encouragement of many American leaders.B.The entire manuscript of the dictionary was recorded by hand.C.The dictionary included new words, new definitions and some slang.D.Because of the dictionary, Webster was regarded as one of the founding fathers of
42、 America.(5).The best title of the passage could be_.（分数：2.00）A.Noah Webster and His DictionaryB.Noah Webster and American EducationC.The First American DictionaryD.Webster and His Teaching Career二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：40.00)There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is t
43、he sort of brain he is born【C1】_.Human brains differ considerably, 【C2】_being more capable than others. 【C3】_no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence【C4】_has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what. 【C5】_to the individualthe so
44、rt of environment in which he is brought【C6】_.If an individual is handicapped(受阻碍) 【C7】_,it is likely that his brain will【C8】_to develop and he will【C9】_attain the level of intelligence of which he is【C10】_. The importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be【C11】_by the
45、case history of the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old their parents died, and they were placed in【C12】_foster(寄养)homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an【C13】_community with poor educational【C14】_that was offered to them. John【C15】_, was educat
46、ed in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. This environment【C16】_continued until the twins were【C17】_their late teens as young adults, 【C18】_they were given tests to【C19】_their intelligence. Johns I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the【C20】_and fully forty points higher
47、than his identical brother.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.forB.withC.byD.in(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.mostB.manyC.someD.few(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.ButB.StillC.ForD.And(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.ifB.asC.thoughD.unless(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.refersB.happensC.appliesD.concerns(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.aboutB.forwardC.upD.forth(7).【C7】（分
48、数：2.00）A.relativelyB.intelligentlyC.regularlyD.environmentally(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.failB.manageC.helpD.stop(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.everB.evenC.neverD.nearly(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.ableB.availableC.capableD.acceptable(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.demonstratedB.neglectedC.deniedD.ignored(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.separateB.re
49、moteC.similarD.individual(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.omittedB.enclosedC.isolatedD.occupied(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.possibilitiesB.opportunitiesC.capacitiesD.responsibilities(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.moreoverB.thenC.consequentlyD.however(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.exceptionB.differenceC.divisionD.alteration(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.inB.atC.byD.for(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.because(19).【C19】（分数：2.0
