1、英语国家概况自考题-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：28，分数：28.00)1.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen. In practice, _. A. Parliament rules the country B. the Sovereign reigns but does not rule C. the Sovereign rules but does not reign D. the Prime Mi
2、nister rules and reigns（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The system of Parliamentary government is based on _. A. a written constitution B. conventions C. statute law and common law D. both B and C（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The British Monarchy has been in existence for more than 1,000 years going back to at least the _ c
3、entury. A. 8th B. 9th C. 10th D. 11th（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The husband of Queen Elizabeth is _. A. Prince Andrew B. Prince Philip C. Prince Charles D. Prince William（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.In the United Kingdom, succession is founded on the _ Principle. Sons of the Sovereign have precedence over daughters i
4、n succeeding to the throne. A. ethical B. obligation C. hereditary D. public relations（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.In the line of succession to the throne, _ have precedence over other candidates (heirs). A. the monarchs sons B. the queens sisters C. the monarchs brothers D. the queens daughters（分数：1.00）A.B.C
5、.D.7.In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _. A. the Prime Minister B. the Lord Chancellor C. the Duke of Edinburgh D. the Speaker of the House of Commons（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.In Britain, _ is the symbol of the whole nation. A. the Queen B. the Prime Minis
6、ter C. the Prince D. the Parliament（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Each session of the British Parliament usually lasts for _. A. one year B. two year C. four year D. half a year（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The maximum duration of a Parliament in the U.K. is _. A. two years B. four years C. five years D. six years（分数：1.0
7、0）A.B.C.D.11.The leader of the House of Lords is _. A. the Archbishops of Canterbury B. the Monarch C. the Prime Minister D. the Lord Chancellor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The Lords Temporal in Britains House of Lords consists of all the following except _. A. life peers B. hereditary peers C. Lords of appe
8、al of “law lords“ D. the Archbishops of Canterbury and York（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.In the U. K., the public are admitted to _ in the House of Lords and the House of Commons. A. the Strangers Galleries B. the Tate Gallery C. the National Gallery D. the State Galleries（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.In the United Kin
9、gdom, each member of Parliament represents a _, and holds his seat during the life of a parliament. A. constituency B. shire C. borough D. county（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _. A. the Queen B. the Cabinet C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons（分数：1.00）A
10、.B.C.D.16.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are _. A. the Democratic Party and the Republican Party B. the Conservative Party and the Labor Party C. the Labor Party and the Social Democratic Party D. the Labor Party and the Democratic Party（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.The Social and
11、Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _. A. the Conservative Party B. the Labor Party C. the Liberal Party D. the Green Party（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Parliament has the following functions except _. A. making law B. declaring war and making peace C. authorizing ta
12、xation and public expenditure D. examining the actions of the Government（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.The House of Commons in the U.K. had its first woman speaker in _. A. 1990 B. 1991 C. 1992 D. 1993（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.In Britain, the position of _ is traditionally held by the Prime Minister. A. Minister of
13、Defense B. First Lord of the Treasury C. Lord Chancellor D. Minister of Education（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.No.10 Downing Street in London is _. A. the official residence of the Queen B. the office building of Lord Chancellor C. the meeting place of the British Parliament D. the official residence of Briti
14、sh Prime Minister（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.The Privy Council remained powerful until 18th century when most of its work was taken over by the _. A. House of Lords B. Cabinet C. High Court D. House of Commons（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.In Britain, a full meeting of _ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announc
15、es his or her intention to marry. A. the Privy Council B. the Parliament C. the House of Commons D. the House of Lords（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.Which of the following is not involved in the British judicial responsibilities? _ A. Attorney General. B. Ministry of Justice. C. The Lord Chancellor. D. The Hom
16、e Secretary.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.In England and Wales, lay magistrates (“justice of the peace“ or JPs) are appointed by _. A. the Monarch B. the Parliament C. the Prime Minister D. the Lord Chancellor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Londons Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _. A. the Prim
17、e Minister B. the Lord Chancellor C. the Home Secretary D. the Attorney General（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.There are _ police forces in England and Wales, 8 in Scotland and one in Northern Ireland. A. 40 B. 41 C. 42 D. 43（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Police forces are allowed to join some organizations except _. A. a
18、 club B. a trade union C. a political D. the army（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B/B(总题数：8，分数：32.00)29.When and how is the Sovereigns birthday officially celebrated?（分数：4.00）_30.What are the main functions of the British Parliament?（分数：4.00）_31.What is the House of Lords made up of?（分数：4.00）_32.What is the main
19、function of the House of Lords?（分数：4.00）_33.Whats the clerk of the Parliament responsible for?（分数：4.00）_34.How many Members of Parliament does the House of Commons in the U. K. consist of?（分数：4.00）_35.What is a “shadow cabinet“ in Britain?（分数：4.00）_36.The Metropolitan Police Force（分数：4.00）_三、B/B(总题数
20、：4，分数：40.00)37.constitutional monarchy（分数：10.00）_38.the House of Commons（分数：10.00）_39.The Speaker (of the House of Commons in Britain)（分数：10.00）_40.Cabinet (U.K.)（分数：10.00）_英语国家概况自考题-16 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：28，分数：28.00)1.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of Sta
21、te is a king or a queen. In practice, _. A. Parliament rules the country B. the Sovereign reigns but does not rule C. the Sovereign rules but does not reign D. the Prime Minister rules and reigns（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 联合王国是君主立宪制国家，国家首脑是国王或女王。实际上君主统而不治。2.The system of Parliamentary government is bas
22、ed on _. A. a written constitution B. conventions C. statute law and common law D. both B and C（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 与大多数其他国家宪法不同，英国宪法不由单一文件构成，而是由成文法、习惯法和惯例组成。3.The British Monarchy has been in existence for more than 1,000 years going back to at least the _ century. A. 8th B. 9th C. 10th D. 11th（
23、分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 英国的君主政体建立已经有一千多年的时间了，至少可以追溯到 9世纪。4.The husband of Queen Elizabeth is _. A. Prince Andrew B. Prince Philip C. Prince Charles D. Prince William（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 伊丽莎白女王二世，出生于 1926年 4月 21日，1947 年 11月 20日与爱丁堡公爵菲力普王子结婚。5.In the United Kingdom, succession is founded on the _ Pr
24、inciple. Sons of the Sovereign have precedence over daughters in succeeding to the throne. A. ethical B. obligation C. hereditary D. public relations（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 继位以世袭原则为基础，继承王位时君主的儿子优先于女儿。女儿继位则成为在位女王，与国王享有同等权力。6.In the line of succession to the throne, _ have precedence over other candid
25、ates (heirs). A. the monarchs sons B. the queens sisters C. the monarchs brothers D. the queens daughters（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 继位以世袭原则为基础，继承王位时君主的儿子优先于女儿。7.In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _. A. the Prime Minister B. the Lord Chancellor C. the Du
26、ke of Edinburgh D. the Speaker of the House of Commons（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 女王根据首相推荐任命大臣。8.In Britain, _ is the symbol of the whole nation. A. the Queen B. the Prime Minister C. the Prince D. the Parliament（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在英国，女王是国家的象征。9.Each session of the British Parliament usually lasts
27、for _. A. one year B. two year C. four year D. half a year（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 一届议会的最长任期为五年，但实际上到期之前常常进行大选。每届议会又分为几个会期，一般持续一年。10.The maximum duration of a Parliament in the U.K. is _. A. two years B. four years C. five years D. six years（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 英国议会的最长周期是 5年。11.The leader of the H
28、ouse of Lords is _. A. the Archbishops of Canterbury B. the Monarch C. the Prime Minister D. the Lord Chancellor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 上议院由上议院议长主持，他坐在羊毛坐垫上(一种大软垫，塞在里面的羊毛来自好几个英联邦成员国)，行使上议院议长的职务。12.The Lords Temporal in Britains House of Lords consists of all the following except _. A. life peers B.
29、hereditary peers C. Lords of appeal of “law lords“ D. the Archbishops of Canterbury and York（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 世俗贵族议员由以下人员组成：(1)英格兰、苏格兰、大不列颠和联合王国的所有世袭贵族和女贵族(爱尔兰贵族除外)；(2)在司法事务上帮助上议院而受封的终身贵族(上诉法官)；(3)所有其他终身贵族。13.In the U. K., the public are admitted to _ in the House of Lords and the House of Com
30、mons. A. the Strangers Galleries B. the Tate Gallery C. the National Gallery D. the State Galleries（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在英国，公众可以到上下议院的公众旁听席旁听议会辩论。14.In the United Kingdom, each member of Parliament represents a _, and holds his seat during the life of a parliament. A. constituency B. shire C. bor
31、ough D. county（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 每位议员代表一个地区(选区)，在议会内占有议席。15.The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _. A. the Queen B. the Cabinet C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 只有下议院才拥有最终立法权。16.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are _. A.
32、the Democratic Party and the Republican Party B. the Conservative Party and the Labor Party C. the Labor Party and the Social Democratic Party D. the Labor Party and the Democratic Party（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 自从 1945年以来，保守党和工党轮流执政。17.The Social and Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the
33、 Social Democratic Party and _. A. the Conservative Party B. the Labor Party C. the Liberal Party D. the Green Party（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 自由党与 1981年形成的社会民主党合并后，于 1988年成立了新政党社会自由民主党。18.Parliament has the following functions except _. A. making law B. declaring war and making peace C. authorizing ta
34、xation and public expenditure D. examining the actions of the Government（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 议会的主要作用是：(1)通过立法；(2)投票批准征税，为政府工作提供资金；(3)检查政府政策和行政管理，包括拨款提议；(4)当天的议题辩论。宣布战争或决定和平时国王或女王的职责。19.The House of Commons in the U.K. had its first woman speaker in _. A. 1990 B. 1991 C. 1992 D. 1993（分数：1.00）A.B.C
35、. D.解析：解析 英国的下议院在 1992年有了首位女议长。20.In Britain, the position of _ is traditionally held by the Prime Minister. A. Minister of Defense B. First Lord of the Treasury C. Lord Chancellor D. Minister of Education（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 根据传统，首相也是首席财政大臣和文职部大臣。根据现代惯例，首相必须是下议院议员。21.No.10 Downing Street in Lond
36、on is _. A. the official residence of the Queen B. the office building of Lord Chancellor C. the meeting place of the British Parliament D. the official residence of British Prime Minister（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 英国首相的官邸是伦敦的唐宁街十号。22.The Privy Council remained powerful until 18th century when most of
37、its work was taken over by the _. A. House of Lords B. Cabinet C. High Court D. House of Commons（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 枢密院权力一直很大，直到 18世纪大部分工作被内阁接替为止。23.In Britain, a full meeting of _ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry. A. the Privy Council B. the Parlia
38、ment C. the House of Commons D. the House of Lords（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 英国的枢密院由枢密院院长主持。只有君主去世或君主要宣布他(她)打算结婚时才召开枢密院全体会议。24.Which of the following is not involved in the British judicial responsibilities? _ A. Attorney General. B. Ministry of Justice. C. The Lord Chancellor. D. The Home Secretary.（分
39、数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 英国没有司法部，中央政府的司法工作主要由大法官(The Lord Chancellor)、内政大臣(The Home Secretary)和首席检察官(Attorney General)负责。25.In England and Wales, lay magistrates (“justice of the peace“ or JPs) are appointed by _. A. the Monarch B. the Parliament C. the Prime Minister D. the Lord Chancellor（分数：1.00）A.B
40、.C.D. 解析：解析 在英格兰和威尔士，大法官根据各郡委员会的建议，代表国王任命外行人员为治安官。26.Londons Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _. A. the Prime Minister B. the Lord Chancellor C. the Home Secretary D. the Attorney General（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 伦敦警察署直接受内政大臣管辖。27.There are _ police forces in England and Wale
41、s, 8 in Scotland and one in Northern Ireland. A. 40 B. 41 C. 42 D. 43（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 英格兰和威尔士有 43个警察署，苏格兰有 8个，北爱尔兰有 1个。28.Police forces are allowed to join some organizations except _. A. a club B. a trade union C. a political D. the army（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 英国警察不得加入工会或参与罢工。ACD 中涉及的组织允许加入。
42、二、B/B(总题数：8，分数：32.00)29.When and how is the Sovereigns birthday officially celebrated?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(It is officially celebrated in June every year by Trooping the Color on Horse Guards Parade.)解析：30.What are the main functions of the British Parliament?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(The functions of the British Parliament are lawmaking, authorizing taxation and public expenditure, and examining the actions of the government.)解析：31.What is the House of Lords made up of?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(It is mad
