1、2014年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.Hedge Fund（分数：2.00）_3.Muslim Brotherhood（分数：2.00）_4.Trade Surplus（分数：2.00）_5.Prudent Monetary Policy（分数：2.00）_6.Mortality Rate（分数：2.00）_7.Currency Appreciation（分数：2.00）_8.Social Strata（分数：2.00）_9.Anti -corruption Campaign（分数
2、：2.00）_10.Counter-terrorism Convention（分数：2.00）_11.Concerted Efforts（分数：2.00）_12.Nuclear Arsenal（分数：2.00）_13.Endemic Disease（分数：2.00）_14.UNESCO（分数：2.00）_15.Corporate Governance（分数：2.00）_16.Capital Market（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.小康社会（分数：2.00）_19.解放和发展生产力（分数：2.00）_20.宏观经济（分数：2.00）_21.软着陆（分数：2.00）_22.产品外包（分
3、数：2.00）_23.技术转让（分数：2.00）_24.数字鸿沟（分数：2.00）_25.群众体育（分数：2.00）_26.循环经济（分数：2.00）_27.进口配额（分数：2.00）_28.外汇储备（分数：2.00）_29.求同存异（分数：2.00）_30.产权结构（分数：2.00）_31.联合国环境署（分数：2.00）_32.泡沫经济（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.To avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind are prone, no superhuman genius is
4、 required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all error, but from silly error.If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs.
5、 Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you dont is a fatal mistake, to which we are all prone.Many matters, however are less easily brought to the test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have pass
6、ionate convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your own bias. If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two a
7、re five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as to which there no good evidence either way. Persecution is
8、used in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is knowledge, but in theology there is only opinion. So whenever you find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidenc
9、e warrants. From How to Avoid Foolish Opinions by Bertrand Russell（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.当今世界正处于大发展、大变革、大调整时期。世界多极化和经济全球化深入发展，国与国相互依存，利益交融已达到前所未有的程度。求和平、谋发展、促合作成为不可阻挡的时代潮流。但世界局部冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，南北差距拉大，传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，世界的和平与发展仍面临诸多问题。面对这些挑战，没有任何国家能独立应对，唯有携手合作才是正确选择。中美作为联合国安理会常任理事国，分别作为世界上最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家，
10、无论是在推动世界经济可持续增长方面，还是在维护世界和平与安全方面，都面临着共同课题，肩负着重要责任。 节选自习近平在“世界和平论坛”开幕式上的致辞（分数：2.00）_2014年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.Hedge Fund（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：对冲基金)解析：3.Muslim Brotherhood（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：穆斯林兄弟会)解析：4.Trade Surplus（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：贸易顺差)解析：5.Pru
11、dent Monetary Policy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：稳健的货币政策)解析：6.Mortality Rate（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：死亡率)解析：7.Currency Appreciation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：货币升值)解析：8.Social Strata（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：社会阶层)解析：9.Anti -corruption Campaign（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：反腐败运动)解析：10.Counter-terrorism Convention（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案
12、：反恐怖主义公约)解析：11.Concerted Efforts（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：齐心协力；共同努力)解析：12.Nuclear Arsenal（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：核军火库)解析：13.Endemic Disease（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：地方病)解析：14.UNESCO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：联合国教科文组织)解析：15.Corporate Governance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：公司治理)解析：16.Capital Market（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：资本市场)解析：1
13、7.汉译英_解析：18.小康社会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：a moderately prosperous society)解析：19.解放和发展生产力（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to liberate and develop productive forces)解析：20.宏观经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：macro-economy)解析：21.软着陆（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：soft landing)解析：22.产品外包（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：product outsourcing)解析：23.技术转让（分数：2
14、.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：technology transfer)解析：24.数字鸿沟（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：digital divide)解析：25.群众体育（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：mass sports)解析：26.循环经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：recycling economy)解析：27.进口配额（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：import quota)解析：28.外汇储备（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：foreign exchange reserves)解析：29.求同存异（分数：2.00）_正确答案：
15、(正确答案：to seek common ground while reserving differences)解析：30.产权结构（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：property rights structure)解析：31.联合国环境署（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)解析：32.泡沫经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：bubble economy)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.To avoid the various foolish
16、opinions to which mankind are prone, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all error, but from silly error.If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women ha
17、ve fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you dont is a fatal mistake, to which we are all prone.Many matters, however are less easily brought to the
18、 test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have passionate convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your own bias. If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously aware of having no good reason for
19、 thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as
20、 to which there no good evidence either way. Persecution is used in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is knowledge, but in theology there is only opinion. So whenever you find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on ex
21、amination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidence warrants. From How to Avoid Foolish Opinions by Bertrand Russell（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 持有各种各样愚蠢的见识乃人类的通病。要想避免这种通病，并不需要过人的天赋。下面提供的几项简单原则，虽然不能保证你不犯任何错误，却可以保证你避免一些可笑的错误。 如果一个问题但凭观察就可以解决的话，就请您亲自观察一番。亚里士多德误以为妇女牙齿的数目比男人少。这种错误，他本来是可以避免的，而且办法很简单。他
22、只需要请他的夫人把嘴张开亲自数一数就行了。但他却没有这样做，原因是他自以为是。自以为知道而实际上自己并不知道，这是我们人人都容易犯的一种致命错误。 不过，也存在许多事情不那么容易用经验加以检验。如果你像大多数人一样在许多这类事情上有颇为激烈的主张，就有一些办法可以让你意识到自己的想法是有所偏颇的。如果你一听到一种与你相左的意见就发怒，就表明，你已经下意识地明白自己坚持那种看法并没有充足的理由。如果某个人硬要说2加 2等于 5，或者说冰岛位于赤道，那么你会感到怜悯而不是愤怒，除非你自己对数学和地理也是知之甚少，因而他的看法竟然动摇了你的立场。最激烈的是关于双方都提不出充分证据的问题的争论。迫害事
23、件仅发生在神学领域而不见于数学领域，因为数学问题是知识问题，而神学问题则仅是见解问题。所以，不论什么时候，只要发现自己对不同的意见发起火来，你就要当心了，因为一经检验，你可能会发现，你的信念并没有足够的依据。 节选自罗素的如何避免愚蠢的见识)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.当今世界正处于大发展、大变革、大调整时期。世界多极化和经济全球化深入发展，国与国相互依存，利益交融已达到前所未有的程度。求和平、谋发展、促合作成为不可阻挡的时代潮流。但世界局部冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，南北差距拉大，传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，世界的和平与发展仍面临诸多问题。面对这些挑战，没有任何国家能独立应对，唯有
24、携手合作才是正确选择。中美作为联合国安理会常任理事国，分别作为世界上最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家，无论是在推动世界经济可持续增长方面，还是在维护世界和平与安全方面，都面临着共同课题，肩负着重要责任。 节选自习近平在“世界和平论坛”开幕式上的致辞（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：We live in a world that is undergoing major development, transformation and adjustment. On one hand, the trend towards a multi-polar world and economic glo
25、balization is gaining momentum. Members of international community are more interconnected and inter-dependant with their interests more interwoven than at any time in history. Despite these changes, peace, development and cooperation remain the irresistible trend of our times. On the other hand, th
26、e international community is also facing increasingly complex and diverse security challenges: regional conflicts and hotspot issues keep cropping up; the gap of development between the North and the South is still widening; and traditional and non-traditional security threats are present simultaneo
27、usly. In face of these security challenges, no country can stay immune or achieve the so-called absolute security on its own. All countries must take a cooperative approach and seek win-win cooperation. As permanent members of the UN Security Council, Chinathe largest developing country and the Unit
28、ed Statesthe largest developed country face common tasks and shoulder important responsibilities ranging from promoting full recovery and sustainable growth of the world economy to managing regional hot-spots, meeting global challenges and safeguarding world peace and security. From Xi Jinpings speech at the opening ceremony of the World Peace Forum)解析：
