1、2015年湖南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.social fairness and justice（分数：2.00）_3.social aid system（分数：2.00）_4.subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents（分数：2.00）_5.government-subsidized housing（分数：2.00）_6.project to alleviate poverty through education（分数：2
2、.00）_7.basic medical insurance（分数：2.00）_8.high-quality cultural works（分数：2.00）_9.serious and major work-related accidents（分数：2.00）_10.sense of vigilance against potential dangers（分数：2.00）_11.basic public service system（分数：2.00）_12.international payments（分数：2.00）_13.system for evaluating officials pe
3、rformance（分数：2.00）_14.products in short supply（分数：2.00）_15.increase domestic demand（分数：2.00）_16.a permanent mechanism（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.实物量指标（分数：2.00）_19.社会事业（分数：2.00）_20.稳中求进（分数：2.00）_21.宏观政策（分数：2.00）_22.激发市场活力（分数：2.00）_23.转变政府职能（分数：2.00）_24.简政放权（分数：2.00）_25.自由贸易实验区（分数：2.00）_26.丝绸之路经济带（分数：2.00）_27
4、.改善民生（分数：2.00）_28.森林覆盖率（分数：2.00）_29.战略性新兴产业（分数：2.00）_30.第四代移动通信（分数：2.00）_31.南水北调（分数：2.00）_32.创新驱动式发展（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering
5、of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasyecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a
6、few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves lonelinessthat terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic mini
7、ature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is whatat lastI have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. And I have tried to app
8、rehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children
9、 in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness , poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth l
10、iving, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.白杨树(The white polar)实在是不平凡的，我赞美白杨树! 当汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰，扑入你的视野的，是黄绿错综的一条大毡子；黄的是土，未开垦的处女土，几十万年前由伟大的自然力所堆积成功的黄土高原的外壳；绿的呢，是人类战胜自然的成果，是麦田，和风吹送，翻起了一轮一轮的绿波这时你会真心佩服昔人所造的两个字“麦浪”，若不是妙手偶得，便确是经过锤炼的语言的精华；黄与绿主宰着，无边无垠，坦荡如砥，这时如果不是宛
11、若并肩的远山的连峰提醒了你(这些山峰凭你的肉眼来判断，就知道是在你脚底下的)，你会忘记了汽车是在高原上行驶。这时你涌起来的感想也许是“雄壮”，也许是“伟大”，诸如此类的形容词；然而同时你的眼睛也许觉得有点倦怠，你对当前的“雄壮”或“伟大”闭了眼，而另一种味儿在你的心头潜滋暗长了“单调”!可不是，单调，有一点儿吧? 然而刹那间，要是你猛抬眼看见了前面远远地有一排，不，或者甚至只是三五株，一二株，傲然地耸立，像哨兵似的树木的话，那你的恹恹欲睡的情绪又将如何?我那时是惊奇地叫了一声的!（分数：2.00）_2015年湖南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语
12、翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.social fairness and justice（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：社会公平正义)解析：3.social aid system（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：社会救助体系)解析：4.subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：城乡居民最低生活保障)解析：5.government-subsidized housing（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：政府补贴住房)解析：6.project t
13、o alleviate poverty through education（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：教育扶贫工程)解析：7.basic medical insurance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：基本医疗保险)解析：8.high-quality cultural works（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：文化精品)解析：9.serious and major work-related accidents（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：重特大安全事故)解析：10.sense of vigilance against potential dang
14、ers（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：忧患意识)解析：11.basic public service system（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：基本公共服务体系)解析：12.international payments（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际支付)解析：13.system for evaluating officials performance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：政绩考核评价体系)解析：14.products in short supply（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：产品短缺)解析：15.increase dome
15、stic demand（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：扩大内需)解析：16.a permanent mechanism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：长效机制)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.实物量指标（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：indicator of physical output)解析：19.社会事业（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：social undertakings)解析：20.稳中求进（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to make progress while ensuring stability)解析：21.宏观政策（分数：2
16、.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：macroeconomic policy)解析：22.激发市场活力（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to stimulate the markets vitality)解析：23.转变政府职能（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to transform government function)解析：24.简政放权（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：streamline administration and delegate more power to the lower level governments)解析：25.自由贸易实验区（分数：2
17、.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：pilot free trade zone)解析：26.丝绸之路经济带（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Silk Road Economic Belt)解析：27.改善民生（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to improve peoples livelihoods)解析：28.森林覆盖率（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：forest coverage rate)解析：29.战略性新兴产业（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：strategic emerging industries)解析：30.第四代移动通信（分数：2.00
18、）_正确答案：(正确答案：fourth generation of mobile telecommunications(4G)解析：31.南水北调（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：South-to-North Water Diversion Project/ South-to-North Water Transfer Project)解析：32.创新驱动式发展（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：innovation-driven development)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Three passions, simple but
19、overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair
20、.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasyecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves lonelinessthat terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the wo
21、rld into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is whatat
22、 lastI have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible
23、, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness , poverty, and pain make a mockery of wh
24、at human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 对爱情的渴望，对知识的追求，对人类痛苦那令人难以平复的同情，这三种激情虽然质朴，却无比强烈，一直主宰着我的人生。这些激情宛若巨风，吹着我四处漂泊，狂狷不羁，
25、越过茫茫苦海，直抵绝望的边缘。 我寻求爱情，首先是因为爱情令人心醉神迷那种心醉神迷的感觉使我愿意用余生去换取哪怕几个小时这样的愉悦。我寻求爱情，还因为爱情可以缓解我的孤独感那种仿若站在世界的边缘，俯瞰面前那冰冷死寂的深渊的孤独感。我寻求爱情，因为爱在两情相悦时，仿佛看到了圣贤与诗人们所向往的天堂之景那是一种神奇的缩影。这正是我一生所寻求的，尽管它对于人生而言似乎太过美好，但我已经找到了终于找到了。 我以同样的激情追求知识，渴望理解人类的心灵，试图领悟毕达哥拉斯所景仰的“数即万物”的思想。我已经悟出了其中的一点点道理，尽管并不是很多。 爱情和知识尽其所能把人引向天堂，而同情却总是把我又拽回到尘世
26、中来。痛苦的呼喊在我心中回荡，饥饿的儿童，遭压迫者蹂躏的难民，被子女视为累赘的无依无靠的老人，还有充斥着整个世界的孤独、贫穷和疾苦，都是对人类原本应有的生活之嘲讽。我渴望减轻这痛苦，可我无能为力，这令我难逃其折磨。 这就是我的人生。我觉得值得为其而活，倘若还有机会，我乐意再活一次。)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.白杨树(The white polar)实在是不平凡的，我赞美白杨树! 当汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰，扑入你的视野的，是黄绿错综的一条大毡子；黄的是土，未开垦的处女土，几十万年前由伟大的自然力所堆积成功的黄土高原的外壳；绿的呢，是人类战胜自然的成果，是麦田，和风吹送，翻起了一轮一轮
27、的绿波这时你会真心佩服昔人所造的两个字“麦浪”，若不是妙手偶得，便确是经过锤炼的语言的精华；黄与绿主宰着，无边无垠，坦荡如砥，这时如果不是宛若并肩的远山的连峰提醒了你(这些山峰凭你的肉眼来判断，就知道是在你脚底下的)，你会忘记了汽车是在高原上行驶。这时你涌起来的感想也许是“雄壮”，也许是“伟大”，诸如此类的形容词；然而同时你的眼睛也许觉得有点倦怠，你对当前的“雄壮”或“伟大”闭了眼，而另一种味儿在你的心头潜滋暗长了“单调”!可不是，单调，有一点儿吧? 然而刹那间，要是你猛抬眼看见了前面远远地有一排，不，或者甚至只是三五株，一二株，傲然地耸立，像哨兵似的树木的话，那你的恹恹欲睡的情绪又将如何?我
28、那时是惊奇地叫了一声的!（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The white poplar is no ordinary tree. Let me sing its praises. When you travel by car through Northwest Chinas boundless plateau, all you see before you is something like a huge yellow-and-green felt blanket. Yellow is the soilthe uncultivated virgin soil. It is the outer covering of the loess plateau accumulated by Mother Nature several hundred thousand years ago. Green are the wheat fields signifying mans triumph over
