1、2015 年电子科技大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_VR_3.conditions-based withdrawal（分数：2.00）_4.UESTC（分数：2.00）_5.ATM（分数：2.00）_6.dynamic equivalence（分数：2.00）_7.magic realism literature（分数：2.00）_8.foreign capital flow（分数：2.00）_9.carbon emission reduction goal（分数：2.00）_10.Inter
2、national Monetary Foundation（分数：2.00）_11.Wuthering Heights（分数：2.00）_12.most-favored nation treatment（分数：2.00）_13.Society Security Number（分数：2.00）_14.GDP（分数：2.00）_15.GRE（分数：2.00）_16.WAN（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.工商管理硕士（分数：2.00）_雅思_20.文化移情（分数：2.00）_21.全国翻译资格考试（分数：2.00）_22.短消息服务业务（分数：2.00）_23.(美)中期选举（分数：2.00）
3、_24.中美洲自由贸易协定（分数：2.00）_25.货币操纵国（分数：2.00）_26.转基因食品（分数：2.00）_27.自主创新能力（分数：2.00）_28.与时俱进（分数：2.00）_29.贸易逆差（分数：2.00）_30.绿色国民经济（分数：2.00）_31.风险投资（分数：2.00）_早恋_二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_34.Many people believe that they will be happy once they arrive at some specific goal they set for them selves. However,
4、more often than not, once you arrive “there“ you will still feel dissatisfied, and move your “there“ vision to yet another point in the future. By always chasing after another “there,“ you are never really appreciating what you already have right “here“. It is important for human beings to keep sobe
5、r-minded about the age-old drive to look beyond the place where you now stand. On one hand, your life is enhanced by your dreams and aspirations. On the other hand, these drives can pull you farther and farther from your enjoyment of your life right now. By learning the lessons of gratitude and abun
6、dance, you can bring yourself closer to fulfilling the challenge of living in the present.（分数：2.00）_35.Once learning stops, vegetation sets in. It is a common fallacy to regard school as the only workshop for the acquisition of knowledge. On the contrary, learning should be a never-ending process, f
7、rom the cradle to the grave. With the world ever changing so fast, the cease from learning for just a few days will make a person lag behind. Whats worse, the animalistic instinct dormant deep in our sub-consciousness will come to life, weakening our will to pursue our noble ideal, sapping our deter
8、mination to sweep away obstacles to our success and strangling our desire for the refinement of our character. Lack of learning will inevitably lead to the stagnation of the mind, or even worse, its fossilization. Therefore, to stay mentally young, we have to take learning as a lifelong career.（分数：2
9、.00）_36.汉译英_37.过去 50 年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从 1900 年到 1950 年，改变人类生活的发明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机当然还有核武器和计算机。而近 50 年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗?答案并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。（分数：2.00）_38.不同的篇章、体裁在直译与意译的趋向程度上往往有所不同。一般来说，文献类和新闻报道的翻译多采用直译，因为翻译这类文献关键在于译文的准确性；而对诗歌散文、戏剧电影、小说传记等以情动人的作品，翻译时应多采用意译，以充分再现原文的意境情趣。（分数：2.00）_2015 年电子科技大学英语
10、翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：VR_正确答案：(正确答案：(Virtual Reality)虚拟现实)解析：3.conditions-based withdrawal（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：有条件撤军)解析：4.UESTC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(University of Electronic Science and Technology in China)中国电子科大学)解析：5.ATM（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(Automatic Tel
11、ler Machine)自动取款机)解析：6.dynamic equivalence（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：动态对等)解析：7.magic realism literature（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：魔幻现实主义文学)解析：8.foreign capital flow（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：外资流动)解析：9.carbon emission reduction goal（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：碳减排目标)解析：10.International Monetary Foundation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：
12、国际货币基金会)解析：11.Wuthering Heights（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：呼啸山庄)解析：12.most-favored nation treatment（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：最惠国待遇)解析：13.Society Security Number（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：美国社会安全号)解析：14.GDP（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(Gross Domestic Product)国内生产总值)解析：15.GRE（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(Graduate Record Examination)美国研
13、究生入学考试)解析：16.WAN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(Wide Area Network)广域网)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.工商管理硕士（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：MBA(Master of Business Administration)解析：雅思_正确答案：(正确答案：IELTS(International English Language Testing System)解析：20.文化移情（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：cultural empathy)解析：21.全国翻译资格考试（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：CATTI(C
14、hina Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters)解析：22.短消息服务业务（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：SMS(Short Message Service)解析：23.(美)中期选举（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Midterm Election)解析：24.中美洲自由贸易协定（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Central American Free Trade Agreement)解析：25.货币操纵国（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：currency manipulator)解析：26
15、.转基因食品（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：genetically modified food (GMF)解析：27.自主创新能力（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：capacity of independent innovation)解析：28.与时俱进（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：advance with the times; keep pace with the times; keep abreast of the times)解析：29.贸易逆差（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：trade deficit)解析：30.绿色国民经济（分数：2.00）_
16、正确答案：(正确答案：green national economy)解析：31.风险投资（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：venture capital)解析：早恋_正确答案：(正确答案：puppy love)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Many people believe that they will be happy once they arrive at some specific goal they set for them selves. However, more often than not, once you arrive
17、 “there“ you will still feel dissatisfied, and move your “there“ vision to yet another point in the future. By always chasing after another “there,“ you are never really appreciating what you already have right “here“. It is important for human beings to keep sober-minded about the age-old drive to
18、look beyond the place where you now stand. On one hand, your life is enhanced by your dreams and aspirations. On the other hand, these drives can pull you farther and farther from your enjoyment of your life right now. By learning the lessons of gratitude and abundance, you can bring yourself closer
19、 to fulfilling the challenge of living in the present.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 许多人都相信，一旦他们达到了自己所设定的某个特定目标，他们就会开心、快乐。然而事实往往是，当你到达彼岸时，你还是不知足、不满意，而且又有了新的彼岸新的幻想和憧憬。由于你总是疲于追逐一个又一个的彼岸，你从未真正欣赏，珍惜你已经拥有的一切。重要的是，人们要对由来已久的不安于现状的欲望要保持清醒的头脑。一方面，你的生活因为梦想和渴望而更加精彩。另一方面，这些欲望又使你越来越不懂得珍惜和享受现在拥有的生活。假如你能懂得感恩，学会知足，你就接近实现生活在
20、现实中提出的要求。)解析：35.Once learning stops, vegetation sets in. It is a common fallacy to regard school as the only workshop for the acquisition of knowledge. On the contrary, learning should be a never-ending process, from the cradle to the grave. With the world ever changing so fast, the cease from learn
21、ing for just a few days will make a person lag behind. Whats worse, the animalistic instinct dormant deep in our sub-consciousness will come to life, weakening our will to pursue our noble ideal, sapping our determination to sweep away obstacles to our success and strangling our desire for the refin
22、ement of our character. Lack of learning will inevitably lead to the stagnation of the mind, or even worse, its fossilization. Therefore, to stay mentally young, we have to take learning as a lifelong career.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 一旦学习停止，单调贫乏的生活就开始了。视学校为汲取知识的唯一场所是种常见的谬误。相反地，学习应该是一种无终止的历程，从生到死。由于世界一直快
23、速地在变动，只要学习停顿数日就将使人落后。更糟的是，蛰伏在我们潜意识深处的兽性本能就会复活，削弱我们追求高贵理想的意志，弱化我们扫除成功障碍的决心，而且扼杀我们净化我们人格的欲望。缺少学习将不可避免地导致心灵的停滞，甚至更糟地，使其僵化。因此，为了保持心理年轻，我们必须把学习当作一生的事业。)解析：36.汉译英_解析：37.过去 50 年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从 1900 年到 1950 年，改变人类生活的发明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机当然还有核武器和计算机。而近 50 年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗?答案并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。（分数：2
24、.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50
25、years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just be ginning.)解析：38.不同的篇章、体裁在直译与意译的趋向程度上往往有所不同。一般来说，文献类和新闻报道的翻译多采用直译，因为翻译这类文献关键在于译文的准确性；而对诗歌散文、戏剧电影、小说传记等以情动人的作品，翻译时应多采用意译，以充分再现原文的意境情趣。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：
26、Different discourses or styles tend to focus on different stresses so, to some extent, need different translating ways. Generally speaking, literal translation is preferable to free translation in translating literatures, for the crux of these literatures lies in accuracy. On the other hand, free translation is more suitable than literal translation in translating some emotional works such as poetry, prose, drama, film, novels, autobiography, etc., so as to reproduce the right mood and flavor of the original works.)解析：
