1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 19 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your
2、 answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.In 1914, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Eastern Europe _ Europe into a great war.（分数：2.00）A.insertedB.imposedC.pitchedD.plunged3.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways
3、 of doing things, _ is often the case in other countries.（分数：2.00）A.asB.whatC.soD.that4.A person“s calorie requirements vary _ his life.（分数：2.00）A.acrossB.throughoutC.overD.within5.A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, _ were surprising.（分数：2.00）A.as resultsB.
4、which resultsC.the results of itD.the results of which6.If I hadn“t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _ now.（分数：2.00）A.wouldn“t be smilingB.couldn“t have smiledC.won“t smileD.didn“t smile7.The bank is reported in the local newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday.（分数：2.00）A.being
5、 robbedB.having been robbedC.to have been robbedD.robbed8.Agriculture was a step in human progress _ which subsequently there was not anything comparable until our own machine age.（分数：2.00）A.inB.forC.toD.from9.All the key words in the article are printed in type so as to attract readers“ attention.（
6、分数：2.00）A.darkB.denseC.blackD.bold10.The basic features of the communication process are identified in one question: Who says _ through what channel to whom?（分数：2.00）A.howB.whenC.whatD.such11.American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _ from the United
7、States.（分数：2.00）A.transferB.deliveriesC.transportationD.transmissions二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B,
8、 C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids(小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists. Asteroids are bigger versions of the
9、meteoroids(流星)that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don“t threaten us. But there are also thousands whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth. Buy $40 million worth of new telescopes right now. Then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate
10、 most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we“ll have a way to change its course. Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldn“t be cheap. Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1) How
11、 likely the event is; and 2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 400,000 years. Sounds pretty rare-but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. “If we don“t take care of these big asteroids
12、, they“ll take care of us“, says one scientist. “It“s that simple“. The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “The world has less to fear from doomsday(毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them, “said a
13、New York Times article.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids?（分数：2.00）A.They are heavenly bodies different in composition.B.They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.C.There are more asteroids than meteoroids.D.Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.(2).What
14、do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?（分数：2.00）A.It is very unlikely but the danger exists.B.Such a collision might occur once every 25 years.C.Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.D.It“s still too early to say whether such a collision m
15、ight occur.(3).What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids?（分数：2.00）A.It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem.B.It may create more problems than it might solve.C.It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is ve
16、ry unlikely.D.Further research should be done before it is proved applicable.(4).We can conclude from the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the worldB.asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near futureC.the worry
17、about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetimeD.workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth(5).Which of the following best describes the author“s tone in this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Optimistic.B.Critical.C.Obj
18、ective.D.Arbitrary.In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? The evidence shows that while variety certain
19、ly makes the worker“s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then, variety is not an important factor. Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important. There is no doubt that this is
20、true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus, although freedom of choice may be important, usually very little can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much a
21、 worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his l
22、ine. It would seem that not only is degree of the worker“s contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about. To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more mone
23、y only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we make their jobs more interesting, they will want neither more money nor shorter working hours.（分数：10.00）(1).Varied jobs, in
24、writer“s opinion, will _.（分数：2.00）A.offer greater productivityB.drive workers to work harderC.make workers more productiveD.make worker“s life more enjoyable, but do not make them more hardworking(2).According to the passage, freedom can not be easily given since _.（分数：2.00）A.it is in not what worke
25、rs care aboutB.it has nothing to do with increasing productivityC.freedom will do harm to the managementD.machines in modern factories must be organized in a fixed way(3).Degree of the worker“s contribution is greater when _.（分数：2.00）A.a factory possesses more expertsB.a factory has many small produ
26、ction linesC.workers enjoy more freedomD.workers work at a large production line(4).Workers want more money and shorter working hours to _.（分数：2.00）A.enjoy themselves more after workB.produce greater work flowC.show their great abilitiesD.challenge the management(5).According to the passage, the sta
27、tement that best describes the writer“s attitude is _.（分数：2.00）A.there are no ways to make workers more productiveB.workers want more variety, freedom and money, but shorter working time and less contributionC.variety, freedom, contribution, more money and shorter working time seem possible factors
28、leading to greater productivity, actually they are not or they are impossibleD.it is impossible to make workers work more productively, because the work they do is so boringAs people continue to grow and age, our body systems continue to change. At a certain point in your life your body systems will
29、 begin to weaken. Your joints may become stiff. It may become more difficult for you to see and hear. The slow change of aging causes our bodies to lose some of their ability to bounce back from disease and injury. In order to live longer, we have always tried to slow or stop this process that leads
30、 us toward the end of our lives. Many factors contribute to your health. A well-balanced diet plays an important role. The amount and type of exercise you get is another factor. Your living environment and the amount of stress you are under is yet another. But scientists studying senescence(衰老) want
31、 to know: Why do people grow old? They hope that by examining the aging process on a cellular level medical science may be able to extend the length of life.（分数：10.00）(1).When people become aging, they will lose some of their ability to bounce back from disease and injury, “bounce back“ here means _
32、.（分数：2.00）A.to improve in health after one“s disease and injuryB.to recover from disease and injuryC.to jump after recoveringD.to run fast(2).In order to live longer, _.（分数：2.00）A.we have to try to be on a dietB.we should keep in high spiritsC.we should try to do more exerciseD.we should postpone th
33、e process of aging(3).Why are some scientists interested in studying senescence?（分数：2.00）A.They want to increase the general ability of our bodies.B.They may be able to find a better way to our life.C.If they can pin down the biochemical process that makes us age, there will be hope for extending th
34、e length of life.D.They want to find out ff there is a link between how efficiently a cell could repair itself and how long a creature lives.(4).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to one“s health?（分数：2.00）A.The right food you eat.B.Lots of exercise you get.C.Your living
35、 conditions.D.The amount of stress you are under.(5).This passage is mainly concerned with _.（分数：2.00）A.man“s aging processB.man“s life spanC.man“s healthD.man“s medical careA good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news f
36、rom local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features(特定) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way on
37、e reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but f
38、ar more than any one reader is interesied in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality(时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a n
39、ewspaper has no more than transient(短暂的) value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day“s paper, his own selection and sequence, his own news paper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, w
40、hich means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.（分数：10.00）(1).A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its _.（分数：2.00）A.wide coverageB.uniform
41、styleC.speed in repotting newsD.popularity(2).According to the passage, the reason why no two people really read the “same“ newspaper is that _.（分数：2.00）A.people scan for the news they are interested inB.different people prefer different newspapersC.people are rarely interested in the same kind of n
42、ewsD.people have different views about what a good newspaper is(3).It can be conclude from the passage that newspaper readers _.（分数：2.00）A.apply reading techniques skillfullyB.jump from one newspaper to anotherC.appreciate the variety of a newspaperD.usually read a newspaper selectively(4).A good ne
43、wspaper offers “a variety“ to readers because _.（分数：2.00）A.it tries to serve different readersB.it has to cover things that happen in a certain localityC.readers are difficult to pleaseD.readers like to read different newspapers(5).The best title for this passage would be“ _“.（分数：2.00）A.The importan
44、ce of Newspaper TopicalityB.The Characteristics of a Good NewspaperC.The Variety of a Good NewspaperD.Some Suggestions on How to Read a Newspaper三、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：40.00)13.Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A
45、, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：20.00）_Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food【B1】it is badly cooked. The way a meal is cooked and
46、served is most important and an attractively served meal will often improve a child“s appetite. Never ask a child【B2】he likes or dislikes a food and never discuss likes and dislikes in front of him or allow【B3】else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother refuses vegetables, in t
47、he child“s hearing he is【B4】to copy this procedure. Take it【B5】granted that he likes everything and he probably will. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a supposed dislike. At meal times it is a good【B6】to give a child a small portion and let him come back for a second help
48、ing rather than give him as【B7】as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child【B8】meal times, but let him get on with his food; and do not【B9】him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will soon learn to swallow his food so he can hurry back to his toys. Under【B10】circumstances must a child be coaxed(哄骗) or forced to eat.（分数：20.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.ifB.untilC.thatD.unless(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.which(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.everybodyB.anybodyC.somebodyD.nobody(4).【B4】（分
