1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 38 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your
2、 answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.It is the business of the police to prevent and detect crime and of the law courts to punish_.（分数：2.00）A.crimeB.sinC.offenceD.fault3.The _ care of the body requires an understanding of its needs, allowing for variations re
3、sulting from climate, age or occupation.（分数：2.00）A.properB.tenderC.warmD.mild4.Could you _ reasons and examples for your answer?（分数：2.00）A.qualifyB.quantifyC.specifyD.satisfy5.Mr. Wright was the _ president of Ace Construction Company.（分数：2.00）A.previousB.beforeC.latterD.former6.Even a child would n
4、ot be _ by such an obvious lie.（分数：2.00）A.cut offB.made upC.pulled downD.taken in7.With regarding to this model of color TV sets, the home-made ones are by no means _ those made in Japan.（分数：2.00）A.less inferior toB.less inferior thanC.inferior thanD.inferior to8._ from the hilltop, the lake scenery
5、 is beyond description.（分数：2.00）A.To seeB.SeeingC.Having seenD.Seen9.This book _ me twenty dollars.（分数：2.00）A.is costB.was costC.costD.have been cost10._ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.（分数：2.00）A.Had it not beenB.Weren“t itC.It were notD.Had not it been11.Don“t put
6、off till tomorrow _ you can do today.（分数：2.00）A.thatB.whatC.whenD.whether二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A
7、, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_Even plants can run a fever, especially when they“re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away straig
8、ht up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂
9、) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don“t have pest (害虫) problems. Even better, Paley“s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrar
10、ed scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running “fevers“. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 40 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would. The bad news is that Paley“s company closed down in 1984, after
11、only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This techniq
12、ue can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States.“ says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Pale3i finds the financial back
13、ing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.（分数：10.00）(1).Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are _.（分数：2.00）A.sprayed with pesticidesB.facing an infrared scannerC.in poor physical conditionD.exposed to excessive sun rays(2).In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can us
14、e infrared scanning to _.（分数：2.00）A.estimate the damage to the cropsB.measure the size of the affected areaC.draw a color-coded mapD.locate the problem area(3).Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by _.（分数：2.00）A.resorting to spot-sprayingB.consulting infrared scanning expertsC.transf
15、orming poisoned rainD.detecting crop problems at an early stage(4).The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties:_.（分数：2.00）A.the lack of official supportB.its high costC.the lack of financial supportD.its failure to help increase production(5).Infrared sc
16、anning technology may be brought back into operation because of _.（分数：2.00）A.the desire of farmers to improve the quality of theft produceB.growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on cropsC.the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureD.full support from agricultural expertsA
17、fter a 300 million yuan renovation project, Lidai Diwang Miao, or the Imperial Temple of Emperors of Successive Dynasties, was reopened to the public last weekend. Originally constructed about 470 years ago, during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, the temple was used by emperors of
18、both the Ming and Qing to offer sacrifices to their ancestors. It underwent two periods of renovation in the Qing Dynasty, during the reigns of emperors Yongzheng and Qianlong. From 1929 until early 2000, it was part of Beijing No.159 Middle School. The temple“s Jingdechongsheng Hall contains stone
19、tablets memorializing 188 Chinese emperors. The Jinzhuan bricks used to pave the floor, the same as those used in the Forbidden City, are finely textured and golden-yellow in color. According to Xi Wei, an official from the Xicheng District government present at the reopening of the temple, Jinzhuan
20、 bricks were made in Yuyao, Suzhou, specially for imperial use. The renovation was done strictly according to that carried out at the orders of Emperor Qianlong, and only those sections of the temple too damaged to repair have been replaced.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the verb form of the word “renovati
21、on“ mean in Paragraph 1?（分数：2.00）A.Reform.B.Rearrange.C.Retreat.D.Restore.(2).Which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.The temple is still not reopened yet to the public.B.The Jinzhuan bricks were made in Hangzhou for imperial use.C.The Jinzhuan bricks used to pave the wall in the temple
22、.D.The temple was at first constructed 470 years ago.(3).How long has Lidai Diwang Miao been in part of a middle school in Beijing?（分数：2.00）A.470years.B.159years.C.71years.D.188years.(4).What can we infer from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The temple has a long history.B.The renovation of the temple was ea
23、sy with modern technology.C.The bricks in the temple are not so valuable as those in the Forbidden city.D.The renovation was done according to the orders of Emperor Qianlong.(5).Which of the following is NOT true according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.The renovation project cost 300 million yuan.B.The t
24、emple was once a part of Beijing No.159 Middle School.C.Those parts of the temple too destroyed to repair are still there.D.The temple was built about 470 years ago.For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and natio
25、nalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramati
26、c show off technological muscle during the cold war. Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before. Today Mars looms (隐约出现) as humanity“s next great t
27、erra incognita (未探明之地). And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human
28、beings to leave their tracks on the planet“s reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could tho
29、se experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space? With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been high
30、lighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite (陨石) from Mars. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluab
31、le data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prev
32、alence of life in the universe.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was _.（分数：2.00）A.to display their country“s military mightB.to accomplish some significant scienceC.to find new areas for colonizationD.to pursue commercial an
33、d state interests(2).At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is _.（分数：2.00）A.international cooperationB.nationalistic reasonsC.scientific researchD.long-term profits(3).What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars?（分数：2.00）A.To find out if li
34、fe ever existed there.B.To see if humans could survive there.C.To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.D.To show the leading role of science in space exploration.(4).By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been“ (Line 1, Para. 4), the author
35、means that _.（分数：2.00）A.with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space venturesB.in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very highC.in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever beforeD.with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental
36、 interests of science are at issue(5).The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would _.（分数：2.00）A.make clear the complex chemistry in the development of lifeB.confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteorC.reveal the kind of conditions under which life originates
37、D.provide an explanation why life is common in the universeWhile still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least in getting people off welfare. It“s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994. In the past four y
38、ears, welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percenttwice the national average. For advocates (代言人) for the po
39、or, that“s an indication much more needs to be done. “More people are getting jobs, but it“s not making their lives any better,“ says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington. A center analysis of U.S. Census data nationwide found that between 1995 an
40、d 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in it
41、self a huge victory. “Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,“ says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It“s beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德观), which is much more important.“ Mr.
42、 Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked“, then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.（分数：10.00）(1).From the passage, it can be seen that the author _.（分数：2.00）A.believes the reform has reduced the government“s burdenB.insists th
43、at welfare reform is doing little good for the poorC.is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reformD.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful(2).Why aren“t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?（分数：2.00）A.Because many families are divorced.B.Because government aid
44、is now rare.C.Because their wages are low.D.Because the cost of living is rising.(3).What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _.（分数：2.00）A.greater efforts should be made to improve people“s living standardsB.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two yearsC.40 pe
45、rcent of the population no longer relies on welfareD.the living standards of most people are going down(4).From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _.（分数：2.00）A.saving welfare fundsB.rebuilding the work ethicC.providing more jobsD.cutting government expenses(5).According to the passage,
46、before the welfare reform was carried out, _.（分数：2.00）A.the poverty rate was lowerB.average living standards were higherC.the average worker was paid higher wagesD.the poor used to rely on government aid三、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：40.00)13.Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage
47、. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：20.00）_A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supplyall these were important factors, in hel
48、ping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 【31】they were not enough. Something else was needed to start the industrial process. That “something special“ was men【32】individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who【33】the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were【34】inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interes
