1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-46 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)We often tend to associate smiling as the result of a positive event or mood. But research demonstrates that the act of smiling, in and 1 itself, can be the catalyst for joy. Wonderful things, ranging from an 2 mood to a
2、better relationship, can be the result of the 3 act of smiling. Even better, it is a tool that is free, easy and always available. Even when you aren“t feeling happy, smile can help 4 your mood. Darwin hypothesized, back in 1872, that making changes in our 5 expressions can influence our 6 experienc
3、e, something he called facial feedback response theory. Psychological research has 7 Darwin“s assertion that expressions do not just result from moods, but actually influence them. Smiling more may actually 8 your lifespan. Research indicates that smiling may improve heart health by 9 heart rate aft
4、er stressful events. So, 10 smiling to your health regime of eating well, getting enough sleep and exercising may just add 11 years to your life. People who smile more tend to be more 12 , joyful and emotionally stable which lends itself to healthier relationships, and thus have longer and more succ
5、essful 13 . An interesting study published in 2009 found a correlation between smiles in photographs and divorce rates. The larger the smile, the 14 likely divorce was later in life. 15 , those with the smallest smiles or no smiles, were five times more likely to be divorced. When Mother Teresa said
6、 “Every time you smile at someone, it is . a 16 to that person, a beautiful thing“, she was right. One study 17 by Hewlett Packard found that seeing another“s smile stimulated the heart and 18 more so than eating chocolate or receiving money. This was particularly true 19 viewing the smile of a chil
7、d. Additionally, research has demonstrated smiling may actually be easily diffused. Research published in the Scandinavian Journal of Psychology examined mimicry, the tendency to mimic the emotional expressions of those around us, and found that it is actually hard to 20 when someone else is smiling
8、.（分数：10.00）A.onB.withC.byD.ofA.impressedB.improvedC.importantD.imposedA.pureB.easyC.simpleD.briefA.sackB.shiftC.slipD.switchA.facialB.superficialC.externalD.innerA.inwardB.outwardC.emotionalD.explicitA.formalizedB.declaredC.implementedD.validatedA.executeB.expandC.examineD.expectA.acceleratingB.decr
9、easingC.facilitatingD.increasingA.leadingB.addingC.contributingD.resortingA.a littleB.littleC.fewD.a fewA.optimisticB.dispassionateC.severeD.cautiousA.careerB.lifespanC.marriageD.friendshipA.moreB.worseC.lessD.betterA.ConsequentlyB.MoreoverC.ConverselyD.OtherwiseA.giftB.regardC.wishD.graceA.discover
10、edB.convertedC.preparedD.conductedA.stomachB.brainC.mindsetD.desireA.yetB.whenC.thoughD.unlessA.sneerB.blinkC.frownD.breathe二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It took some time to figure out just the right shopping complex, off just the right highway in
11、terchange and just the right distance from Seoul, that could accommodate a 624,000-square-foot storethat is to say, one more than three times the size of the average Wal-Mart Supercenter. It took more time to solve certain mysteries, like how big to make the store“s children“s section in a country w
12、here kids are often given ample space in the family living quarters. It took more time to figure out how to showcase kitchens that incorporate kimchi refrigerators, a uniquely Korean applianceand even more time to untangle nuances of the market, like the South Korean“s preference for metal chopstick
13、s. In all, it took about six years for Ikea to unveil its inaugural store in South Korea, in Gwangmyeong, starting from the first scouting trip. The lag was typically Ikean. But six years? “The more global, the more complex it gets,“ replies Mikael Palmquist, the regional manager of retail for Asia
14、Pacific. “We need to get these things right or we will never be taken seriously.“ Today the Gwangmyeong store, which is the company“s largest in the world by shopping area, is on track to become one of Ikea“s top-performing outlets for 2015. The success is hardly a fluke . Ikea, it seems, is a geniu
15、s at selling Ikeaflat packing, transporting, and reassembling its quirky Swedish styling all across the planet. The furniture and furnishings brand is in more countries than Wal-Mart and Carrefour. China, where Ikea has eight of its 10 biggest stores, is the company“s fastest-growing market. An outl
16、et in Morocco is coming soon, and there are hints that Brazil may not be far off. Meanwhile, Ikea is going meatballs out in India, where it plans to invest about $2 billion over a decade to open 10 stores. Getting it right in emerging markets like China and India, where Ikea is well-positioned to ca
17、pitalize on a growing middle class, is a key factor in its goal of hitting 50 billion in sales by 2020. That“s up from （分数：10.00）(1).The first paragraph is used to illustrate that _.（分数：2.00）A.it took more time to figure out a right shopping complexB.it was tricky to make an ample children“s section
18、 in a storeC.it was time-consuming to untangle nuances of the Korean marketD.the lag is the unique feature of Ikea to open new stores(2).Ikea doesn“t expand too rapidly because _.（分数：2.00）A.it is a global companyB.the expansion is too complexC.it is difficult to get things rightD.it needs to be take
19、n seriously by customers(3).The phrase “a fluke“ (Para. 4) probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.an effortB.good luckC.an opportunityD.a necessity(4).According to the text, Ikea is a genius at all of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.selling its furnitureB.selling its furnishingsC.reassembling Swedish styleD.
20、expanding outlets(5).Which of the following is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Ikea is aiming for around 500 stores by 2020.B.South Korean is Ikea“s fastest-growing market.C.Brazil may be one of Ikea“s emerging markets.D.Ikea plans to capitalize on middle classes in India.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Institutions of
21、 higher learning must move, as the historian Walter Russell Mead puts it, from a model of “time served“ to a model of “stuff learned.“ Because increasingly the world does not care what you know. Everything is on Google. The world only cares, and will only pay for, what you can do with what you know.
22、 And therefore it will not pay for a C-plus in chemistry, just because your state college considers that a passing grade and was willing to give you a diploma. We“re moving to a more competency-based world, where there will be less interest in how you acquired the competency and more demand to prove
23、 that you mastered the competency. Therefore, we have to get beyond the current system of information and deliverythe professorial “sage on the stage“ and students taking notes, followed by a superficial assessment, to one in which students are asked and empowered to master more basic material onlin
24、e at their own pace, and the classroom becomes a place where the application of that knowledge can be honed through lab experiments and discussions with the professor. There seemed to be a strong consensus that this “blended model“ combining online lectures with a teacher-led classroom experience wa
25、s the ideal. Last fall, San Jose State used the online lectures and interactive exercises of MIT“s introductory online Circuits and Electronics course. Students would watch the MIT lectures and do the exercises at home. Then in class, the first 15 minutes were reserved for questions and answers with
26、 the San Jose State professor, and the last 45 were devoted to problem-solving and discussion. Preliminary numbers indicate that those passing the class went from nearly 60 percent to about 90 percent. We demand that plumbers and kindergarten teachers be certified to do what they do, but there is no
27、 requirement that college professors know how to teach. No more . The world of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) is creating a competition that will force every professor to improve his or her pedagogy or face an online competitor. Bottom line: There is still huge value in the residential college
28、experience and the teacher-student and student-student interactions it facilitates. But to thrive, universities will have to nurture even more of those unique experiences while blending in technology to improve education outcomes in measurable ways at lower costs. We still need more research on what
29、 works, but standing still is not an option.（分数：10.00）(1).Institutions of higher learning must shift models because the world cares _.（分数：2.00）A.the knowledge you have acquired in the collegeB.the time you put into study and actionC.the way you master the learning abilityD.the things you can handle
30、with your knowledge(2).Which of the following does the current system of information and delivery in higher education NOT include?（分数：2.00）A.Students write down the key points.B.Professors give online lectures.C.A simple assessment about teaching is made.D.Professors give lectures in the front of cl
31、assroom.(3).According to Paragraph 3, we can learn that online lectures in San Jose State last fall _.（分数：2.00）A.took an hour for each lectureB.were followed by classroom experiencesC.surpassed classroom experiences in teaching effectD.were the first step to get a degree in Circuits and Electronics
32、course(4).What does the author mean by “No more“ in Paragraph 4?（分数：2.00）A.College professors are forced to improve his pedagogy.B.There is no competition among college students.C.Teaching capacity of college professors can be assessed.D.There is no need for plumbers and kindergarten teachers to obt
33、ain certification.(5).The most appropriate title for this text would be _.（分数：2.00）A.Future of Education is in Online LearningB.Colleges Teachers Should Take a Back SeatC.We Should Move the Research on Education forwardD.Information Technology Promote Students“ Learning六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Google
34、 is talking to auto makers about how to bring its self-driving-car technology to market, executives said Tuesday. Project director Chris Urmson said a self-driving car is probably still six years away. But, he added, “We are thinking now about how to bring this car to market.“ There is a lot of “deb
35、ate internally about how automobiles can use this technology,“ said Sebastian Thrun, the original leader of Google“s autonomous car project. “There will be a time when a significant number of cars will carry Google technology.“ Google“s co-founder Sergey BrinUrmson“s bosssaid roughly a year and a ha
36、lf ago that Google“s self-driving car was about five years away. Urmson said on Tuesday that he is working on a six-year timeline, based on when his 10-year-old son turns 16 and will be able to drive in California. Bryant Walker Smith, a fellow at Stanford University“s Center for Automotive Research
37、, said it can take up to six years to design and build a new car. Smith said any self-driving car ready in six years would likely be “limited in terms of capability, availability , or geography.“ Google“s car looks like a regular vehicle but it uses multiple sensors and map data in real time to unde
38、rstand where it is and maneuver through streets and highways without human intervention. The project started in 2009 and became an early part of Google X, the company“s research lab for risky, long-term initiatives. Some on Wall Street are concerned about Google“s increased focus on these projects;
39、however, they also give the company a chance to expand into huge new markets, such as autos. Urmson said Google“s autonomous cars are expensive, but he declined to be specific. That“s partly due to the laser sensor perched on top of the vehicles, which is made by Silicon Valley-based Company Velodyn
40、e. About 150 of these laser devices are produced a year, which increases the price of the component, Urmson explained. Besides, Arturo Corral, one of Google“s test drivers, said weather is a serious challenge. In heavy rain, the system asks drivers to take back control of the car, Corral said. Googl
41、e has not tested the vehicles in snow yet. “We still have a long way to go,“ he added.（分数：10.00）(1).Google“s co-founder estimated that it may take _ to bring Google“s car into reality.（分数：2.00）A.five yearsB.a year and a halfC.six yearsD.ten years(2).In Paragraph 3, “availability“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.
42、efficiencyB.practicalityC.stabilityD.accuracy(3).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.Google has already brought its self-driving-car technology to market.B.It will take the company six years to manufacture a perfect Google“s car.C.There are a lot of disagreement about Google“s autom
43、atic navigation technology.D.Project director Chris Urmson“s son drives a concept Google“s car.(4).According to Paragraph 4, Google“s car needs _.（分数：2.00）A.human intervention in normal daysB.a regular operation systemC.a real-time mapD.only one specific sensor(5).According to the last paragraph, wh
44、at“s a real challenge in this project?（分数：2.00）A.The high research and development costs.B.Disagreement and conflict among developers.C.Investors“ on-going worry and doubt.D.Operation uncertainty in harsh environment.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Much of continental Europe is in poor shape. True, the aggr
45、egate wealth of people is little changed and the social capital in museums, parks and other amenities is still intact. Yet, in the western part, the economy is failing society. Inclusion of ethnic minorities and youth in the economy is more lacking than ever. Among those who do participate, fewer ar
46、e prospering. It is a measure of the decline that, in almost every country, the growth of wage rates has steadily slowed since 1995. What has gone wrong? European economists speak of a loss of competitiveness in southern Europe. They suggest that output and employment are down, relative to the past
47、trend, because wages leapt ahead of productivity, making labour too expensive and forcing employers to cut back. Taking this perspective, some German economists argue that wages need to fall in the affected economies. Others argue instead for monetary stimulusfor instance, asset purchases by central
48、 banksto raise prices and make current wage rates affordable. Economists of a classical bent lay a large part of the decline of employment, and thus lagging output, to a contraction of labour supply. And they lay that contraction largely to outbreaks of fiscal profligacyas happened in Europe from th
49、e mid-1990s to the mid-2000s. Disciples of Keynes, who focus on aggregate demand, view any increase in household wealth as raising employment because they say it adds to consumer demand. They say Europe needs a lot more fiscal “profligacy“ if it is to bring unemployment down. Some evidence favours the classics. Yet both sides of this debate miss the critical force at work. The main cause of Europe“s deep fallthe losses of inclusion, job satisfaction and wage growthis the devastating slowdown of productivity that began in the late
