1、MBA（英语）-试卷 3 及答案解析(总分：140.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：21，分数：42.00)1.Section I VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHE
2、ET 1.（分数：2.00）_2.Nancy is so poor that even fifty dollars _ a big sum to her.（分数：2.00）A.isB.areC.addD.equal3.Black people are by no means _ white people.（分数：2.00）A.inferior overB.more inferior thanC.inferior toD.more inferior to4.She had her finger _ when she was cutting paper.（分数：2.00）A.cutB.cuttin
3、gC.to cutD.cuts5.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy _ for her examination.（分数：2.00）A.to prepareB.preparingC.to be preparedD.being prepared6.He will come to call on you the moment he _ his work.（分数：2.00）A.will finishB.had finishedC.finishesD.finished7.All _ is
4、 a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.（分数：2.00）A.what is neededB.the time neededC.for our needsD.that is needed8.It _ by the end of last year _ the new student dormitory building had been completed.（分数：2.00）A.was whichB.was thatC.had been whichD.had been that9.Life is a candle _ to b
5、urn ever brighter.（分数：2.00）A.being meantB.meaningC.to meanD.meant10.If we don“t receive any reply by tomorrow morning, I shall have to _ him on the phone.（分数：2.00）A.get toB.get ontoC.get on withD.get over11.Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not _ close examination.（分数：2.00）A.
6、put upB.keep upC.stand up toD.look up to12.Most people can“t _ the day without at least one cup of tea or coffee.（分数：2.00）A.get throughB.get onC.get atD.get by13.If the value-added tax was done away with, it would act as a _ to consumption.（分数：2.00）A.progressionB.primeC.stimulusD.stability14.The law
7、yer advised him to drop the _, since he stands little chance to win.（分数：2.00）A.caseB.eventC.affairD.incident15.It is said that one hundred dollars can hardly _ one night at a top hotel in Shanghai.（分数：2.00）A.payB.coverC.spendD.cost16.According to a recent poll, 61 percent of American high school stu
8、dents admitted _ cheating on exams at least once.（分数：2.00）A.toB.onC.ofD.for17.It is obvious that _of about 40% will be attractive if the dollar really stabilizes.（分数：2.00）A.manufactureB.yieldC.creatingD.receiving18.After his uncle died, the young man _ the beautiful estate with which he changed from
9、 a poor man to a wealthy noble.（分数：2.00）A.inhabitedB.inheritedC.inhibitedD.inhaled19.About 20 of the passengers who were injured in a plane crash are said to be in _ condition.（分数：2.00）A.decisiveB.urgentC.vitalD.critical20.The high living standards of the US cause its present population to _ 25 perc
10、ent of the world“s oil.（分数：2.00）A.assumeB.consumeC.resumeD.presume21._ widespread belief, cockroaches (蟑螂) would not take over the world if there were no one around to step on them.（分数：2.00）A.In view ofB.Thanks toC.In case ofD.Contrary to二、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：40.00)22.Section II ClozeDirections: Read the
11、 following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choices the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（分数：20.00）_There is virtually no limit to how one can serve community interests, from spending a few hours a week with some charitable organizations t
12、o practically fulltime work for asocial agency. Just as there are opportunities for voluntary service【1】(VSO) for young people before they take up fulltime employment, so there are opportunities for overseas service for【2】technicians in developing countries. Some people, particularly those who retir
13、e early, offer their technical and business skills in countries【3】there is a special need. So in considering voluntary or paid community service there are more opportunities than there ever were when one first began work. Most voluntary organizations have only a small fulltime【4】, and depend very mu
14、ch on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organizations, and values may be different.【5】some ways they may seem more casual and less efficient, but one should not judge them by commercial criteria. The people who work with them do
15、so for different reasons and with different【6】, both personal and organizational. One should not join them【7】to arm them with professional expertise; they must be joined with commitment to the cause, not business efficiency. Because salaries are small or non-existent. Many voluntary bodies offer mod
16、est expenses. But many retired people take part in community service for【8】, simply because they enjoy the work. Many community activities possible【9】retirement were also possible during one“s working life but they are to be undertaken no less seriously for that. Retired people who are just looking
17、for something different or unusual to do should not consider【10】community service.（分数：20.00）A.overseaB.over seaC.over seasD.overseasA.quantityB.qualifyingC.qualityD.qualifiedA.whichB.whereC.asD.thatA.teamB.numberC.staffD.crowdA.InB.ByC.WithD.ThroughA.subjectiveB.subjectC.objectivesD.objectsA.expecti
18、ngB.to expectC.being expectedD.expectedA.freeB.freedomC.moneyD.somethingA.beforeB.onC.inD.atA.to be takenB.to takeC.takingD.being taken三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)23.Section III Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by ch
19、oosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（分数：10.00）_The evolution of the social sciences has reached a crucial point that might be called a phase change in which old, atomistic, and impressionistic ways of doing research are superseded by a far more systematic and united methodology.
20、 To bring social sciences to the level of rigor already achieved by some of the physical sciences, a new type of facility will be needed. This will be a trans-disciplinary, Internet-based collaboratory that will provide social and behavioral scientists with the databases, software and hardware tools
21、, and other resources to conduct worldwide research that integrates experimental, survey, geographic, and economic methodologies on a much larger scale than was possible previously. This facility will enable advanced research and professional education in economics, sociology, political science, soc
22、ial geography, and related fields. In many branches of social sciences, a new emphasis on the rigor of formal laboratory experimentation has driven researchers to develop procedure and software to conduct online interaction experiment using computer terminals attached to local area networks. The opp
23、ortunity to open these laboratories to the Internet will reduce the cost per research participant and increase greatly the number of institutions, researchers, students, and research participants who can take part. The scale of social sciences experimentation can increase by an order of magnitude or
24、 more, examining a much wider range of phenomena and ensuring great confidence in results through multiple replication of crucial studies. Technology for administering questionnaires to very large numbers of respondents over the Internet will revolutionize survey research. Data from past questionnai
25、re surveys can be the springboard for new surveys with vastly larger numbers of respondents at lower cost than by traditional methods. Integrated researches can combine modules using both questionnaire and experimental methods.Results can be linked via geographic analysis to other sources of data in
26、cluding census information, economic statistics, and data from other experiments and surveys. Longitudinal studies will conduct time-series comparisons across data sets to chart social and economic trends. Each new study will be designed so that the data automatically and instantly becomes part of t
27、he archives, and scientific publications will be linked to the data sets on which they are based so that the network becomes a universal knowledge system.（分数：10.00）(1).A “phase change“ (Para. 1) is one in which（分数：2.00）A.an old period ends and a new period begins.B.a gradual invisible transition tak
28、es place.C.fragments are united into a whole.D.social sciences come to be united with physical sciences.(2).It is implied in the first paragraph that（分数：2.00）A.there should be no difference in methodology between physical and social sciences.B.social sciences lag far behind physical science in terms
29、 of methodology.C.social sciences have achieved little due to limited data.D.the Internet can never advance scientific research unless it is properly used.(3).Why do researchers begin to show interest in online interaction experiment?（分数：2.00）A.To reduce the cost per research participant.B.To upgrad
30、e the level of rigor of research in social sciences.C.To conduct worldwide research that was unfeasible before.D.To take full advantage of achievements made by physical sciences.(4).The greatest advantage with the Internet-based collaboratory may lie in（分数：2.00）A.the greater cost reduction and avail
31、ability of data in research.B.its promptness in putting research results into practice.C.its capability to reexamine the validity of traditional research.D.its potentiality in integrating social sciences into physical sciences.(5).All of the following are defeats with the traditional survey in the f
32、orm of questionnaires EXCEPT（分数：2.00）A.a restricted range of investigation.B.greater cost in administering them.C.lack of precision compared with experiments.D.difficulty in being confirmed by other kinds of research.No reference book, perhaps no book of any kind except the Bible, is so widely used
33、as “the dictionary“. Even houses that have few books or none at all possess at least one dictionary; most business offices have dictionaries, and most typists keep a copy on their desks; at one time or another most girls and boys are required by their teachers to obtain and use a dictionary. Admitte
34、dly, the dictionary is often used merely to determine the correct spelling of words, or to find out the accepted pronunciation, and such a use is perhaps not the most important from an intellectual point of view. Dictionaries may, however, have social importance, for it is often a matter of some con
35、cern to the person using the dictionary for such purpose that he should not suggest to others, by misspelling a word in a letter, or mispronouncing it in conversation, that he is not “well-bred“, and has not been well educated. Yet, despite this familiarity with the dictionary, the average person is
36、 likely to have many wrong ideas about it, and little idea of how to use it profitably, or interpret it rightly. For example, it is often believed that the mere presence of a word in a dictionary is evidence that it is acceptable in good writing. Though most dictionaries have a system of marking wor
37、ds as obsolete, or in use only as slang, many people, more especially if their use of a particular word has been challenged, are likely to conclude, if they find it in a dictionary, that it is accepted as being used by writers of established reputation. This would certainly have been true of diction
38、aries a hundred years or so ago. For a long time after they were first firmly established in the eighteenth century, their aim was to include only what was used by the best writers, and all else was suppressed, and the compiler frequently claimed that this dictionary contained “low“ words. Apparentl
39、y this aspect of the dictionary achieved such importance in the mind of the average person that most people today are unaware of the great change that has taken place in the compilation of present-day dictionaries. Similarly, the ordinary man invariably supposes that one dictionary is as good and au
40、thoritative as another, and, moreover, believes that “the dictionary“ has absolute authority, and quotes it to clinch arguments. Although this is an advantage, in that the dictionary presents a definition the basic meaning of which can“t be altered by the speaker, yet it could be accepted only if al
41、l dictionaries agreed on the particular point in question. But ultimately the authority of the dictionary rests only on the authority of the man who compiled it, and, however careful he may be, a dictionary-maker is fallible: reputable dictionaries may disagree in their judgments, and indeed differe
42、nt sections of the same dictionary may differ.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The Bible is the most widely used reference book.B.The dictionary is the most widely used reference book.C.The dictionary is actually the more widely used book th
43、an the Bible.D.The Bible is used as widely as the dictionary.(2).By “the great change“ in present-day dictionaries, the author implies that（分数：2.00）A.dictionaries seem to have many wrong ideas in them for the average persons.B.many average persons do not know how to use the dictionaries profitably.C
44、.words appearing in a present-day dictionary may not be acceptable in good writing.D.dictionaries have different systems of marking the words they contain.(3).Many people do not realize that（分数：2.00）A.it is not easy for dictionary-makers to compile a dictionary.B.dictionaries have achieved such impo
45、rtance today.C.a dictionary today may contain “low“ words.D.words in a dictionary may be out of date or used only as slang.(4).When can one quote from dictionaries to settle his arguments decisively?（分数：2.00）A.When he looks up in a dictionary that has absolute authority.B.When the basic meaning of a
46、 word found in one dictionary is confirmed in other ones.C.When a dictionary presents a definition that the basic meaning of which cannot be altered by the speakers.D.When the compiler of the dictionary is a reputable person.(5).According to the author, differences between dictionaries or in a dicti
47、onary usually result from（分数：2.00）A.varied definitions of a word.B.the different purposes of making them.C.misinterpretations of users.D.different judgment of the compilers.The Supreme Court“s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dyin
48、g patients of pain and suffering. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,“ a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects-a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen-is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients“ pain,
