1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-71 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：17.50)In a global survey released in 2012, half the responders admitted to buying things they really did not need. Two thirds are worried that consumers are buying too much. Such concerns may be justified. Many cons
2、umers have become trapped in debt. Researchers say that instead of making us more satisfied, high levels of consumption may lead to greater stress and unhappiness! As consumers, we are subjected to a great amount of marketing. What is the goal of marketers? To turn wants into needs. Marketers know t
3、hat consumer behavior is driven largely by emotion. So advertisements and the shopping experience itself are designed for maximum emotional appeal. When you ask a consumer: Why do you buy so much? He or she may answer: I want to improve my quality of life. It is natural that people want a better lif
4、e. Advertisers bombard us with messages that all of our desiresbetter health, security, relief from stress, and closer relationshipscan be achieved by making the right purchases. But actually, as our number of possessions increases, our quality of life can actually decrease. Additional time and mone
5、y are needed to care for more material things. Stress levels rise because of pressure from debt, and there is less time for family and friends. So you should protect yourself from becoming a victim of clever marketers. You should put emotion aside, and compare marketing promises with reality.（分数：17.
6、50）(1).The first paragraph tells us that _.（分数：3.50）A.half the things people buy are not neededB.most consumers are trapped in debtC.excessive buying is commonD.consumption brings satisfaction(2).According to the author, the goal of marketers is to _.（分数：3.50）A.turn the consumers“ desires into consu
7、mptionsB.carefully study the Consumers“ emotionC.make sure the consumers“ needs are metD.make more money by cheating(3).Many consumers are buying too much, because _.（分数：3.50）A.they don“t know what they really needB.they want to stay in fashionC.they enjoy the shopping experiencesD.they tend to be a
8、ttracted by ads(4).The word “bombard“ in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “_“.（分数：3.50）A.breakB.attackC.convinceD.supervise(5).The purpose of the author in writing this article is to _.（分数：3.50）A.reveal marketing tricksB.explain the working theory of adsC.advise people against over spend
9、ingD.analyze consumer behavior三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：17.50)Marital Status in the UK in 1991 and 2011 Percentage in 1991 Percentage in 2011 Marital Status Male Female Male Female Single 24 19 34 26 Married 71 65 54 52 Widowed 4 15 4 13 Divorced 1 1 8 9 （分数：17.50）(1).Which marital status shows the least
10、 difference between males and females?（分数：3.50）A.Divorced.B.Widowed.C.Married.D.Single.(2).Which of the following had the highest marriage rate?（分数：3.50）A.Males in 1991.B.Females in 1991.C.Males in 2011.D.Females in 2011.(3).The percentage of females out of marriage in 2011 was _.（分数：3.50）A.26B.34C.
11、35D.48(4).Which group showed the greatest change over the 20 years?（分数：3.50）A.Single men.B.Single women.C.Married men.D.Married women.(5).What characteristic can be found from the table?（分数：3.50）A.Most people chose to get married in both years.B.Unmarried population increased obviously in both sexes
12、.C.More females than males got divorced in both years.D.More males stayed single in 1991 than in 2011.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：17.50)Ever won the lottery? No? But did that stop you buying another lottery ticket? If the answer is another “no“, you might call yourself an optimist. According to researchers
13、 at University College London, human beings are sanguine creatures. It is all in the brain, they say. A study suggests that human brain is very efficient at processing good news: about 80% of people have a tendency to see the glass as half-full, not half-empty, even if they don“t consider themselves
14、 to be optimists. The good news is that this brings a health benefit. Having a positive outlook on life reduces anxiety. A study of nearly 100,000 women showed a lower risk of death from heart disease among optimists. But there are problems in always having an optimistic attitude. The authors of the
15、 study point out that the 2008 financial crisis may have been caused by analysts overestimating their assets“ performance even in the face of clear evidence to the contrary. There are personal health risks too. Dr Tali Sharot, lead researcher, said: “Smoking Kills“ messages don“t work since people t
16、hink their chances of cancer are low. There“s a very fundamental tendency in the brain.“ But, as they say, every cloud has a silver lining. Even if seeing the world through rose-colored glasses poses a risk to our health, it“s not something that is likely to cause us to lose sleep. Let“s just keep o
17、ur chins up and keep smiling!（分数：17.50）(1).What does “sanguine“ (Para. 2) mean?（分数：3.50）A.depressedB.cheerfulC.luckyD.emotional(2).The study mentioned in Para. 2 indicates that people _.（分数：3.50）A.are more optimistic than they believeB.are less optimistic than they believeC.like good news more than
18、they thinkD.like good news less than they think(3).What mistake might analysts have made during the 2008 financial crisis?（分数：3.50）A.Collecting false information.B.Overemphasizing evidence.C.Misjudging the situation.D.Giving a pessimistic forecast.(4).The author suggests in the last paragraph that w
19、e（分数：3.50）A.adjust our goals in lifeB.learn to release bad moodC.avoid being overoptimisticD.maintain a positive attitude(5).What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：3.50）A.People tend to be optimistic even in crisis.B.Optimists enjoy life better than pessimists.C.Being optimistic has both benefits
20、and risks.D.Optimism is what keeps us going forward.五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：17.50)The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has launched an investigation into allegations that its officials in more than 50 countries have been selling London Olympics tickets on the black market for profit. The IOC met a
21、t an emergency session on Saturday to look into a pile of evidence uncovered by Britain“s Sunday Times newspaper. The paper claims that high-ranking Olympic officials have been selling tickets for the games at hugely inflated prices. The highest priced tickets on the black market were for the men“s
22、100- meter final. The IOC has issued a statement saying it “takes these allegations very seriously and has immediately taken the first steps to investigate.“ IOC rules forbid national Olympics committees from selling tickets overseas, increasing ticket prices or selling tickets to unauthorized, thir
23、d-party resellers. Despite this, Sunday Times undercover reporters posing as illegal ticket sellers say they have recorded evidence of 27 officials selling tickets distributed to 54 countries. One of the most serious allegations was against the Greek Olympic Committee president Spyros Capralos. He d
24、enies saying he had “pulled strings“ with the head of the London Olympics Sebastian Coe even though the paper posted videos of its reporters“ negotiations with Capralos on its website. Mr Capralos has so far refused to comment.（分数：17.50）(1).The IOC is investigating its own officials for _.（分数：3.50）A
25、.running the black marketB.secretly meeting reportersC.illegally selling ticketsD.criticizing Sunday Times(2).The word “allegations “(Para. 1)probably means “_“.（分数：3.50）A.discussionsB.claimsC.announcementsD.opinions(3).Sunday Times revealed _.（分数：3.50）A.details about IOC“s emergency sessionB.eviden
26、ce against some IOC officialsC.ticket prices for men“s 100-meter finalD.pricing policy of the London Olympics(4).Which of the following is NOT against the IOC rules concerning its officials?（分数：3.50）A.Selling tickets internationally.B.Raising the prices of the tickets.C.Selling tickets to unofficial
27、 resellers.D.Giving tickets to their friends.(5).Faced with the evidence against him, Capralos _.（分数：3.50）A.blamed other officialsB.admitted the factsC.issued a statementD.gave no response六、Passage 5(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Pressed by competition and its own success, the popular search engine Google has crea
28、ted an automated way to search for new employees who are fully appropriate as well as high-achieving. In a project, the 100,000 people who fill in online job applications for Google each month will be asked to complete a complicated questionnaire (问卷) exploring their attitudes, behaviour, personalit
29、y and backgrounds going back to their school days. The questions range from whether applicants have ever set a world record, to whether their workspace is messy or tidy or what magazines they read. Answers are studied by Google“s mathematicians to calculate a score meant to predict how well a person
30、 will fit into the organization“s diversified and competitive culture. Psychometric tests (心理测试) are already used by more traditional companies to select workers, but they are unheard of in a company like Google, which is built on a belief in individual talent. The online questionnaire is based on t
31、he answers to 300 questions sent out last summer to every employee at the head office in California“s Silicon Valley. Some questions were factual: What programming languages are you familiar with? What internet mailing lists are you on? Other questions, however, tried to establish personality and be
32、havioural characteristics: Have you ever tutored another person? “We wanted to cast a very wide net,“ said Laszlo Bock, Google“s Vice-President for People Operations. “It is not unusual to walk into our office and bump into dogs. Maybe people who own dogs have some personality feature that is useful
33、.“（分数：15.00）(1).Google has created a new way of recruiting in order to _.（分数：3.00）A.find the most appropriate employeesB.better compete with other companiesC.spread its unique corporate cultureD.conduct an online research project(2).The information gained from the questionnaire will be _.（分数：3.00）A.
34、analyzed in a reportB.summed up in a figureC.organized into a chartD.kept in its raw state(3).What is true about the Google online questionnaire?（分数：3.00）A.It was based on a survey of its employees.B.It focuses on background questions.C.It was designed by some mathematicians.D.It has been filled out
35、 by 100,000 people.(4).What distinguishes Google from more traditional companies in selecting workers?（分数：3.00）A.Preferring those who own pets.B.Stressing overall personal qualities.C.Asking more complex questions.D.Believing in high-achieving experience.(5).By “casting a wide net“ (last paragraph),
36、 Laszlo Bock means _.（分数：3.00）A.recruiting a wide range of talentsB.finding candidates with peculiar personalityC.identifying candidates with wide interestsD.picking out as many applicants as possible七、Passage 6(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Cigarette Smoking by Grade Level: 2005-2009 （分数：15.00）(1).The purpose of
37、the chart is to show _.（分数：3.00）A.the percentages of smokers in schoolsB.the increase of smokers in grades 912 during 20052009C.the number of teenage smokers in grades 912D.the amount of money spent by young smokers over the years(2).Which grade had the highest percentage of smokers in 2005?（分数：3.00
38、）A.The 9thB.The 10thC.The 11thD.The 12th(3).The percentage of the 9th grade smokers in 2009 was _.（分数：3.00）A.23.2B.25.2C.31.2D.33.4(4).Which grade saw the greatest increase of smokers over the four years?（分数：3.00）A.The 9thB.The 10thC.The 11thD.The 12th(5).What tendency can we find from the chart?（分数
39、：3.00）A.Smokers in all grades have increased.B.The higher the grade, the more the smokers.C.The older a student, the more he smokes.D.Low graders smoke less heavily.工程硕士(GCT)英语-71 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：17.50)In a global survey released in 2012, half the
40、 responders admitted to buying things they really did not need. Two thirds are worried that consumers are buying too much. Such concerns may be justified. Many consumers have become trapped in debt. Researchers say that instead of making us more satisfied, high levels of consumption may lead to grea
41、ter stress and unhappiness! As consumers, we are subjected to a great amount of marketing. What is the goal of marketers? To turn wants into needs. Marketers know that consumer behavior is driven largely by emotion. So advertisements and the shopping experience itself are designed for maximum emotio
42、nal appeal. When you ask a consumer: Why do you buy so much? He or she may answer: I want to improve my quality of life. It is natural that people want a better life. Advertisers bombard us with messages that all of our desiresbetter health, security, relief from stress, and closer relationshipscan
43、be achieved by making the right purchases. But actually, as our number of possessions increases, our quality of life can actually decrease. Additional time and money are needed to care for more material things. Stress levels rise because of pressure from debt, and there is less time for family and f
44、riends. So you should protect yourself from becoming a victim of clever marketers. You should put emotion aside, and compare marketing promises with reality.（分数：17.50）(1).The first paragraph tells us that _.（分数：3.50）A.half the things people buy are not neededB.most consumers are trapped in debtC.exc
45、essive buying is common D.consumption brings satisfaction解析：解析 A 项有错误，注意应该是“half the people”而不是“half the things”。B 项的量词是“many”而不是“most”。D 项的“satisfaction(满足感)”在文章中没有出现。只有 C项“超量购物现在很普遍”意思正确。(2).According to the author, the goal of marketers is to _.（分数：3.50）A.turn the consumers“ desires into consumpt
46、ions B.carefully study the Consumers“ emotionC.make sure the consumers“ needs are metD.make more money by cheating解析：解析 本题的依据句是“To turn wants into needs.”最符合 A项(将消费者的欲望变成消费)的意思。B 项和 D项内容没有在文章出现。C 项的意思不完全准确。(3).Many consumers are buying too much, because _.（分数：3.50）A.they don“t know what they really
47、needB.they want to stay in fashionC.they enjoy the shopping experiencesD.they tend to be attracted by ads 解析：解析 本题的依据句是第三段的内容，说明了广告对消费者购物起促进作用。其他选项的内容在文章中没有出现，属于无关信息。(4).The word “bombard“ in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “_“.（分数：3.50）A.breakB.attack C.convinceD.supervise解析：解析 “bombar
48、d”原意为“轰击”，同义词为“attack”。C 项“convince”意思为“说服”，与“attack”比较在影响力度上没有体现“bombard”一词的强度。其他两项意思有误。(5).The purpose of the author in writing this article is to _.（分数：3.50）A.reveal marketing tricksB.explain the working theory of adsC.advise people against over spending D.analyze consumer behavior解析：解析 本题的依据句是文章
49、的最后两个结尾句“So you should protect yourself from becoming a victim of clever marketers. You should put emotion aside, and compare marketing promises with reality.”与 C项“建议顾客不要过度购物”意思最为相近。其他选项内容不是作者的主要目的。三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：17.50)Marital Status in the UK in 1991 and 2011 Percentage in 1991 Percentage in 2011 Marital Status Male Female Male Female Single 24 19 34 26 Married 71 65 54 52 Widowed 4 15 4 13 Divorced 1 1 8 9 （分数：17.50）(1).Which marital status shows the least dif
