1、翻译硕士英语学位 MTI 考试-13 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Grammar and V(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.The coming of the runways in the 1830s _ our society and economic life. A. transformed B. transported C. transmitted D. transferred（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.He has been resisting _ pressure to resign as the head of the org
2、anization. A. extensive B. external C. extrovert D. exterior（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are _ free medical care. A. entitled to B. associated with C. involved in D. assigned to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.4, My students found the book _; it provided them with an
3、 abundance of information on the subject. A. enlightening B. distracting C. confusing D. amusing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.She should be _ and not make unreasonable demands. A. sensational B. sensible C. sensitive D. sensual（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.She claimed that the government had only changed the law in order
4、 to _ their critics. A. appease B. quash C. swelter D. maltreat（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Our football coach has worked hard to _ a team spirit into the players. A. inculcate B. incapacitate C. inflate D. infuriate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Because it takes an interest in anything that _ on the health of travelers,
5、 this emerging medical speculums invariably cuts across the traditional disciplines. A. impinges B. jolts C. shocks D. concusses（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Spread the cream evenly over your arms and legs and _ it into the skin. A. mastermind B. massacre C. massage D. message（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.You had the _
6、situation in which Luxembourg had more listed public bathing beaches than the whole of the United Kingdom. A. luminous B. luculent C. lubricant D. ludicrous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.This collection of short stories is said _ into at least five foreign languages in the years to come. A. to translate B. to
7、be translated C. to have been translated D. being translated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.He would have paid _ for his fridge had the salesman insisted because he really needed it. A. as much twice B. twice as much C. as twice D. two times（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The leaders were seen _ in the hall but they didnt
8、make known the problems A. be assembling, discussed B. assembling, discussed C. assembled, discussing D. be assembled, discussing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.They were given nothing _ dry bread and water for their evening meal. A. other than B. more than C. less than D. rather than（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Rebecca
9、 _ home, for I saw her just now at the canteen. A. mustnt have gone B. shouldnt have gone C. cant have gone D. couldnt have gone（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The Clarks havent decided yet which hotel _ A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.By the next month we _ this assi
10、gnment. A. will finish B. will be finishing C. will have finished D. have finished（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The bank is reported in the local newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday. A. to be robbed B. robbed C. to have been robbed D. having been robbed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.The Great Wall is the place _ alm
11、ost all tourists would like to visit when they come to China. A. where B. to which C. in which D. which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.Paul was lying on the lawn, his hands _ under his head. A. were crossing B. were crossed C. crossing D. crossed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPart Reading (总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BSection A/B(总题数
12、：0，分数：0.00)四、Text A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Low-level slash-and-bum farming doesnt harm rainforest. On the contrary, it helps farmers and improves forest soils. This is the unorthodox view of a German soil scientist who has shown that burnt clearings in the Amazon, dating back more than 1,000 years, helped c
13、reate patches of rich, fertile soil that farmers still benefit from today.Most rainforest soils are thin and poor because they lack minerals and because the heat and heavy rainfall destroy most organic matter in the soils within four years of it reaching the forest floor. This means topsoil contains
14、 few of the ingredients needed for long-term successful farming.But Bruno Glaser, a soil scientist of the University of Bayreuth, has studied unexpected patches of fertile soils in the central Amazon. These soils contain lots of organic matter.Glaser has shown that most of this fertile organic matte
15、r comes from “ black carbon“the organic particles from camp fires and charred wood left over from thousands of years of slash-and-bum farming.“ The soils, known as Terra Preta, contained up to 70 times more black carbon than the surrounding soil,“ says Glaser.Unburnt vegetation rots quickly, but bla
16、ck carbon persists in the soil for many centuries. Radiocarbon dating shows that the charred wood in Terra Preta soils is typically more than 1,000 years old.“Slash-and-burn farming can be good for soils provided it doesnt completely burn all the vegetation, and leaves behind charred wood,“ says Gla
17、ser. “It can be better than manure.“ Burning the forest just once can leave behind enough black carbon to keep the soil fertile for thousands of years. And rainforests easily regrow after small- scale clearing. Contrary to the conventional view that human activities damage the environment, Glaser sa
18、ys: “Black carbon combined with human wastes is responsible for the richness of Terra Preta soils.“Terra Preta soils turn up in large patches all over the Amazon, where they are highly prized by farmers. All the patches fall within 500 square kilometers in the central Amazon. Glaser says the widespr
19、ead presence of pottery confirms the soils human origins.The findings add weight to the theory that large areas of the Amazon have recovered so well from past periods of agricultural use that the regrowth has been mistaken by generations of biologists for “virgin“ forest.During the past decade, rese
20、archers have discovered hundreds of large earth works deep in the jungle. They are up to 20 meters high and cover up to a square kilometer. Glaser claims that these earth works, built between AD 400 and 1400, were at the heart of urban civilizations. Now it seems the richness of the Terra Preta soil
21、s may explain how such civilizations managed to feed themselves.（分数：10.00）(1).We learn from the passage that the traditional view of slash-and-burn farming is that _. A. it does no harm to the topsoil of the rainforest B. it destroys rainforest soils C. it helps improve rainforest soils D. it dimini
22、shes the organic matter in rainforest soils（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Most rainforest soils are thin and poor because _. A. the composition of the topsoil is rather unstable B. black carbon is washed away by heavy rains C. organic matter is quickly lost due to heat and rain D. long-term farming has exhaus
23、ted the ingredients essential to plant growth（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Glaser made his discovery by _. A. studying patches of fertile soils in the central Amazon B. examining pottery left over by ancient civilizations C. test-burning patches of trees in the central Amazon D. radiocarbon-dating ingredient
24、s contained in forest soils（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does Glaser say about the regrowth of rainforests? A. They take centuries to regrow after being burnt. B. They cannot recover unless the vegetation is burnt completely. C. Their regrowth will be hampered by human habitation. D. They can recover ea
25、sily after slash-and-bum farming.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From the passage it can be inferred that _. A. human activities will do grave damage to rainforests B. Amazon rainforest soils used to be the richest in the world C. farming is responsible for the destruction of the Amazon rainforests D. there on
26、ce existed an urban civilization in the Amazon rainforests（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sake wa ten no biroku, goes the Japanese saying: Sake is heavens reward. For more than a thousand years, the Japanese have relished the delicacy of their fermented rice brew and built their social live
27、s around it. On ceremonial occasions they break open a cedar cask, and the exchange of ritual sake toasts seals wedding vows. In a less formal tradition, workers ease the days stress at red lantern-lighted watering holes that collectively offer thousands of variations of the beverage. Says Tokyo man
28、agement consultant Masataka Takada: “Sitting at the bar, sipping sake sake side by side with a colleague lets the conversation flow.“At least that is how it used to be. Nowadays fewer and fewer drinkers seem to agree with Takada. A growing preference for just 15% of Japans alcohol market, while beer
29、 makes up 70%; as recently as 1970 sake had a 30% share. That trend plus high land and labor costs are pushing smaller sake brewers out of business. Among the 2, 000 companies still brewing, about half are losing money.For the Koyama Brewery, the sake crisis threatens a family business that began in
30、 1885. The sole remaining sake producer in the city of Tokyo, it is tucked into four ancient vine-covered warehouses near a local highway and sits over an abundant underground water supply. A large ball made of cedar needles, once a sign to the public that the years brew was ready, now hangs year ro
31、und near the company entrance next to a sake vending machine. Fourth-generation President Kozo Koyama is struggling to combine mechanization and tradition in a bid to survive.From the winter months of October through April, five kurabito, or brewers, and their toji, or leader, hole themselves up in
32、the Koyama warehouses. Farmers from the Niigata prefecture, north of Tokyo, they work in the breweries while snow covers their rice paddies. From large paper sacks, the kurabito pour out special large-grained varieties of rice that have been polished down to 70% or less of their original size to get
33、 rid of fat and increase solubility. They wash and steam the rice, mix it with yeast, malted rice and water pumped up from 13 m. underground. The pasty white mixture is left to gurgle and ferment in 8,000-L green vats for 25 days, after which the brew is pressed, filtered and pasteurized. The toil,
34、Isaburo Koyama (no relation to the founding family), free-tunes the process, deciding when to stir the brew and how much to adjust its fermentation temperature.During and after World War , sake makers mixed their brew with large amounts of alcohol to increase volume. That proved popular, but it dull
35、ed the subtle aroma of various regional flavors of sake and killed conoisseurship. Desensitized by the alcohol- reeking concoctions, many Japanese knew little beyond the genetic term sake and its traditional container, the 1.8 L brown glass bottle called an issho-bin.When producers realized they wer
36、e brewing up a calamity, many decided to revive sakes distinct tastes, further polishing the constituent rice to bring out a fruity aroma and adding alcohol only to adjust the flavor. The process became costlier, but sake could now be marketed as a higher-grade drink. The industry then came up with
37、promotional campaigns to make sake more fashionable, such as serving it chilled like white wine or offering limited editions. Sleeker, smaller bottles or convenient paper cartons are replacing the issho-bin. Qualifications have even been established for sake sommeliers to guide gourmet drinkers thro
38、ugh the 5,000 available brands. In the past few years, these image efforts have started to pay off. The designer brews currently make up close to 20% of the sake market.To improve their return, some firms have turned to computers. Gekkeikan, Japans largest brewer, with about 6% of the market, make n
39、ine-tenths of its sake with machinery using “fuzzy logic“ chips rather than the experienced judgment of a toji.“Our technology will even improve on tradition,“ says Yukio Matsumoto, deputy director of the Tokyo branch. Gekkeikan and other large producers also brew sake in the U.S. for the local mark
40、et; they can capitalize on rice that is about one-fifth as expensive as that at home. But so far, none have announced plans to export from their California breweries back to Japan, partly for fear of antagonizing the powerful rice lobby.Though he has sought to be more efficient and now manufactures
41、a variety of upscale brews, Kozo Koyama doesnt think his brewery will be among the lucky survivors. He complains that real estate taxes take away 8% of his revenues and fears that in a tight labor market it will be difficult to find an eventual replacement for his long time toji, now 69.“I cant cont
42、inue in the city even if I want to,“ say Koyama. In a conflict that he views as prophetic, his neighbors last year complained about the leaves falling from the towering trees that grace the small plot of ground at the brewery dedicated to sake gods; Koyama was forced to clip the trees. Such a lack o
43、f respect does not augur well for an embattled tradition, however heavenly.（分数：10.00）(1).What is related to sake? A. Rice paddies, fruits, get-together of colleagues. B. Wedding ceremonies, rice, revenue. C. Fermented rice, alcohol, water. D. Farmers, large-grained rice, a large ball made of cedar n
44、eedles.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).One reason for the declining business of sake in Japan is that _. A. the price of rice rise so dramatically in Japan that sake brewers can not make profit any more B. the introduction of mechanization in the process of brewing lowers the qualities of sake so that people n
45、o longer like the flavor C. people in Japan dont get together as often as they used to, which leads to a decreased demand on sake D. Japanese people tend to like beer and drinks with less alcohol and the costs of labors are increased（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statement is TRUE? A. K
46、urabito wash and steam the rice in order to reduce fat and increase solubility when they make sake. B. Sake, which has a history of nearly a thousand years, is mainly produced as family business. C. Now the market share of the national drink is less than 1/5 as much as the market share of beer. D. K
47、oyama Brewery, Japans largest and the sole remaining brewer, transfers its market from Japan to the overseas.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In order to survive in the present market, sake brewers _. A. try adding more alcohol into sake to attract more consumers B. are struggling to combine mechanization with
48、tradition, and some even have turned to computers C. market the traditional sake as a higher-grade drink and make it more fashionable by offering sake in the convenient issho-bin D. produce sake in the U. S. , for rice there is comparatively cheaper, and they export their breweries back to Japan（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the main idea of the article? A. Japans rice wine is losing appeal, prompting breweries to try new ways to win back beerloving consumers. B. Japanese people no longer lik
