1、考博英语-296 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Although students may be in a _ position, teachers shall treat them as equals.（分数：1.00）A.subsidiaryB.submarineC.subordinateD.subsequent2.I have omitted many things which _ a place in the hook.（分数：1.00）A.reservedB.deservedC.prese
2、rvedD.observed3.They seized Belgrade, though only after having encountered a stubborn _.（分数：1.00）A.persistenceB.resistanceC.insistenceD.assistance4.He often _ in his speech.（分数：1.00）A.rumblesB.stumblesC.tumblesD.jumbles5.Trade relationships between the two countries will improve if their _ leaders c
3、ould agree on the proposed quotas.（分数：1.00）A.respectableB.respectiveC.respectfulD.respecting6.The companys training plan was designed to help the employees to improve their work habits and _.（分数：1.00）A.proficiencyB.sufficiencyC.insufficiencyD.efficiency7.The puritan army executed the king, abolished
4、 the House of Lords, got the House of Commons to _ England a “commonwealth“, or republic.（分数：1.00）A.proclaimB.reclaimC.exclaimD.declaim8.I _ to one daily newspaper and one weekly magazine.（分数：1.00）A.describeB.prescribeC.subscribeD.transcribe9.Bens wife lost the case, which _ her enormously.（分数：1.00）
5、A.compressedB.depressedC.impressedD.suppressed10.He couldnt _ his curiosity to see what was in the box.（分数：1.00）A.retainB.restrainC.restrictD.represent11.Lessons written in blood _ the colonial people to uprising.（分数：1.00）A.propelledB.promptedC.promotedD.proceeded12.He was easily hurt because his fe
6、elings were very _.（分数：1.00）A.sensibleB.sensationalC.sensitiveD.senseless13.We should _ with the doctors request.（分数：1.00）A.consultB.concealC.consentD.comply14.The captain of the ship _ the passengers that there was no danger.（分数：1.00）A.insuredB.assuredC.ensuredD.secured15.The laser represents a tru
7、e marriage between science and technology, the men who devised it were _ engineers and physicists.（分数：1.00）A.spontaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.instantaneouslyD.homogeneously16.Mosquitoes are only means of _ of malari（分数：1.00）A.A. transferenceB. transformationC. transitionD. transmission17.He was traine
8、d as a doctor but _ to diplomacy.（分数：1.00）A.convertedB.revertedC.divertedD.averted18.Helen was so persistent that her husband _ at last.（分数：1.00）A.concededB.convergedC.conceivedD.conferred19.What is it that the author wants to _ to his readers through the story?（分数：1.00）A.conveyB.convinceC.convertD.
9、conform20.A full _ of all the reasons for and against closing the railway has begun（分数：1.00）A.explosionB.explorationC.exploitationD.explanation二、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a state of transition. As a result, cultural scripts about ma
10、rriage have undergone change. One of the more obvious (21) has occurred in the roles that women (22) . Women have moved into the world of work and have become adept at meeting expectations in that arena, (23) maintaining their family roles of nurturing and creating a(n) (24) that is a haven for all
11、family members. (25) many women experience strain from trying to “do it all,“ they often enjoy the increased (26) that can result from playing multiple roles. As womens roles have changed, changing expectations about mens roles have become more (27) . Many men are relinquishing their major responsib
12、ility (28) the family provider. Probably the most significant change in mens roles, however, is in the emotional (29) of family life. Men are increasingly (30) to meet the emotional needs of their families, (31) their wives.In fact, expectations about the emotional domain of marriage have become mor
13、e significant for marriage in general. Research on (32) marriage has changed over recent decades points to the increasing importance of the emotional side of the relationship, and the importance of sharing in the “emotion work“ (33) to nourish marriages and other family relationships. Men and women
14、want to experience marriages that are interdependent, (34) both partners nurture each other, attend and respond to each other, and encourage and promote each other. We are thus seeing marriages in which mens and womens roles are becoming increasingly more (35) .（分数：15.00）A.incidentsB.changesC.result
15、sD.effectsA.takeB.doC.playD.showA.byB.whileC.henceD.thusA.homeB.gardenC.arenaD.paradiseA.WhenB.Even thoughC.SinceD.NeverthelessA.rewardsB.profitsC.privilegesD.incomesA.generalB.acceptableC.popularD.apparentA.asB.ofC.fromD.forA.sectionB.constituentC.domainD.pointA.encouragedB.expectedC.advisedD.predi
16、ctedA.not to mentionB.as well asC.includingD.especiallyA.howB.whatC.whyD.ifA.butB.onlyC.enoughD.necessaryA.unlessB.althoughC.whereD.becauseA.pleasantB.importantC.similarD.manageable三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Distance education is enrollment and study with an educa
17、tional institution that provides lesson materials prepared in a sequential and logical order for study by students on their own. When each lesson is completed, the student mails or transmits the assigned work to the institution for correction, grading, comment, and subject matter guidance by qualifi
18、ed instructors. Corrected assignments are returned promptly to the student. This exchange provides a personalized student-teacher relationship. If a student slows his or her pace or fails to send assignments, the school provides encouragement. Although some institutions provide employment placement
19、information and assistance, no reputable school ever guarantees a job to graduates.Distance education and self-study are different. Self-study materials provide no instructional service. Corrected assignments, examinations, and special help provided by a qualified facility are vital to a good learni
20、ng situation. However, these are not part of self-study. There are many self-study courses and recordings available, and they may have value, but they clearly are not correspondence or distance education courses. Some institutions offer combination courses that provide training-in-residence for stud
21、ents who complete their distance education lessons. In-service or on-the-job training is required or provided with other courses and is a feature of many vocational distance education programs.Quality distance education institutions screen prospective students to assure that only those who can benef
22、it from the courses are enrolled. While there are educational prerequisites for some academic subjects, interest and aptitude are the primary factors leading to success in most distance education courses. Because they provide alternative educational opportunities, distance education institutions try
23、 not to deny a prospective student the opportunity to succeed in a courseinterest and experience are good indicators of future success.Distance education courses vary greatly in scope, level, and length. Some have few lessons and require only weeks to complete, while others have a hundred or more as
24、signments requiring three or four years of conscientious study. Also, a wide variety of subjects is offered. Subjects include yacht design, accounting, medical transcription, nutrition, robotics, travel agent training, gun-repair, gem identification, computer programming, catering and cooking, and e
25、arning an entire high school diploma, just to name a few.There is an increasing recognition of “distance education“ and many colleges offer credit for their distance learning courses or accept some distance education credits of resident students working toward a degree. In fact, many distance educat
26、ion institutions award their own academic degrees. Acceptance of students and awarding of academic credit is the prerogative of the receiving academic institution. Also, the employing organization may set its own credit acceptance policies.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following questions does the passa
27、ge seek to answer?（分数：1.00）A.Why is distance education important ro the modern society?B.What is distance education?C.How does distance education differ from self-study?D.How is distance education different from college education?(2).Which of the following is true of distance education?（分数：1.00）A.Th
28、e majority of the students fail to pass its examinations.B.Personal tutors are assigned to students to offer regular help.C.Teachers and students communicate through correspondence.D.The courses are set up to suit the pace of each individual student.(3).Distance education is different from self-stud
29、y in that it _.（分数：1.00）A.provides training-in-residence for studentsB.eaters to the interest of each individual studentC.is available to vast majority of studentsD.offers instructional service to students(4).In the third paragraph, the word “prospective“ probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.intelligentB.fut
30、ureC.successfulD.hardworking(5).It is implied in the passage that students of distance education _.（分数：1.00）A.enjoy greater freedom in choosing the subjects to studyB.do not have to meet any enrolling requirement at allC.take longer to complete their study than college studentsD.can usually enter co
31、llege to work toward a degree五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Researchers have studied the poor as individuals, as families and households, as members of poor communities, neighborhoods and regions, as products of larger poverty-creating structures. They have been analyzed as victims of crime and crimina
32、ls, as members of minority cultures, as passive consumers of mass culture and active producers of a “counterculture“, as an economic burden and as a reserve army of labor - to mention just some of the preoccupations of poverty research.The elites, who occupy the small upper stratum within the catego
33、ry of the non-poor, and their functions in the emergence and reproduction of poverty are as interesting and important an object for poverty research as the poor themselves. The elites have images of the poor and of poverty which shape their decisions and actions. So far, little is known about those
34、images, except as they are sketchily portrayed in popular stereotypes. The elites may well ignore or deny the external effects of their own actions (and omissions) upon the living conditions of the poor. Many social scientists may take a very different view. As poverty emerged and was reproduced, le
35、gal frameworks were created to contain the problems it caused with profound, and largely unknown, consequences for the poor themselves. In general, political, educational and social institutions tend to ignore or even damage the interests of the poor. In constructing a physical in frastructure for t
36、ransport, industry, trade and tourism, the settlements of the poor are often the first to suffer or to be left standing and exposed to pollution, noise and crowding.Most important are the economic functions of poverty, as for lack of other options the Ix)or are forced to perform activities considere
37、d degrading or unclean. The poor are more likely to buy secondhand goods and leftover foodstuffs, thus prolonging their economic utility. They are likely to use the services of low-quality doctors, teachers and lawyers whom the non-poor shy away from. Poverty and the poor serve an important symbolic
38、 function, in reminding citizens of the lot that may befall those who do not heed the values of thrift, diligence and cleanliness, and of the constant threat that the rough, the immoral and the violent represent for the rest of society.Physically, the poor and the non-poor are kept apart, through di
39、fferential land use and ghettoization. Socially, they are separated through differential participation in the labor market, the consumption economy, and in political, social and cultural institutions. Conceptually, they are divided through stereotyping and media cliche. This separation is even more
40、pronounced between the elites and the poor.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author, studying the elites also sheds light on poverty research because _.（分数：1.00）A.they are also members of the same society as the poorB.they play an important role in creating and reproducing povertyC.solution of the pover
41、ty problem is at their mercyD.they know the living conditions of the poor better than other groups(2).While social scientists are devoting much of their effort to poverty research, _.（分数：1.00）A.not enough legal frameworks have been created to relieve the condition of the poorB.they have done little
42、to actually provide relief programs for the poorC.they ignore the role of the elites as an object for poverty researchD.the poor people themselves do not much appreciate such effort(3).In the eyes of the society, _.（分数：1.00）A.the poor tend to symbolize what lazy and evil people turn out to beB.the p
43、oor are not worthy of the sympathy the society shows themC.economic prejudice is more of an obstacle to the solution of povertyD.the non-poor should show more sympathy for the poor(4).The word “pronounced“ in the last sentence of the passage probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.sympatheticB.conspicuousC.iden
44、tifiableD.unbridgeable(5).In the passage, the author is mainly concerned with _.（分数：1.00）A.analyzing a problemB.providing a solutionC.defining a situationD.outlining a proposal六、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Industrial production managers coordinate the resources and activities required to produce mil
45、lions of goods every year in the United States. Although their duties vary from plant to plant, industrial production managers share many of the same major responsibilities. These responsibilities include production scheduling, staffing, procurement and maintenance of equipment, quality control, inv
46、entory control, and the coordination of production activities with those of other departments.The primary mission of industrial production managers is planning the production schedule within budgetary limitations and time constraints. They do this by analyzing the plants personnel and capital resour
47、ces to select the best way of meeting the production quota. Industrial production managers determine, often using mathematical formulas, which machines, will be used, whether new machines need to be purchased, whether overtime or extra shifts are necessary, and what the sequence of production will b
48、e. They monitor the production run to make sure that it stays on schedule and correct any problems that may arise.Industrial production managers also must monitor product standards. When quality drops below the established standard, they must determine why standards are not being maintained and how
49、to improve the product. If the problem relates to the quality of work performed in the plant, the manager may implement better training programs, reorganize the manufacturing process, or institute employee suggestion or involvement programs. If the cause is substandard materials, the manager works with the purchasing department to improve the quality of the products components.Because the work of many departments is interrelated, manager
