1、考博英语-试卷 285及答案解析(总分：206.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.The government slated new elections in the spring, largely as a result of the public clamor .（分数：2.00）A.demandB.viewC.requestD.opinion2.The most prolific writer is not necessarily the best.（分数：2.00）A.written-aboutB.produc
2、tiveC.artfulD.religious3.Imagine my vexation when they said they would come to dinner and then didnt show.（分数：2.00）A.enlightenmentB.astonishmentC.annoyanceD.contrariness4.Any troop of wild animals should be approached warily .（分数：2.00）A.fearlesslyB.confidentlyC.silentlyD.prudently5.There is little l
3、earning involved when one is reprimanded two or three months after the deed.（分数：2.00）A.recommendedB.reproachedC.recompensedD.reversed6.Archaeologists are interested in pottery, figurines and other vestiges of ancient civilizations.（分数：2.00）A.tracesB.shardsC.productsD.artifacts7.Packaging is designed
4、 so as to encourage impetuous shopping.（分数：2.00）A.extravagantB.carefulC.impotentD.impulsive8.Pan of his general thrift is to be meticulous in verifying monthly expenses.（分数：2.00）A.painstakingB.dilatoryC.meretriciousD.gaudy9.The jurors came to a deadlock in the defendants trial for murder.（分数：2.00）A.
5、a decision of guiltyB.a decision to punish by electrocutionC.an impasseD.an unusual verdict10.Among the lowest of the judicial ranks, justices of the peace nevertheless frequently exercise jurisdiction over a variety of misdemeanors.（分数：2.00）A.guidanceB.sovereigntyC.authorityD.suzerainty11.A mistake
6、 is rarely atoned for by a single apology, however profuse .（分数：2.00）A.extravagantB.producedC.divergentD.repetitious12.Her office in the First National Bank building is provisional .（分数：2.00）A.permanentB.temporaryC.corruptD.craven13.The burglars ransacked the room taking anything of value they found
7、.（分数：2.00）A.demolishedB.took overC.inhabitedD.thoroughly searched14.The whole of the endowment was used to refurbish the school gymnasium.（分数：2.00）A.millionairesB.endorsementsC.governmentsD.donations15.The massacre of innocent people cannot ever be condoned .（分数：2.00）A.overlookedB.praisedC.condemned
8、D.satisfied16.When he realized the true nature of the proposal, he_all communication with the group.（分数：2.00）A.convertedB.revertedC.severedD.made17.The worsening financial situation made it obvious that an economic depression was_.（分数：2.00）A.attainableB.remoteC.imminentD.eminent18.All of the dental
9、instruments need to be_before the next patient is seen.（分数：2.00）A.heatedB.scaldedC.sterilizedD.burned19.Rock climbing is so popular now that many people are able to_the steepest face with great agility.（分数：2.00）A.scaleB.surpassC.overcomeD.mount20.If you call the 911 emergency number, they will_firem
10、en, policemen, and paramedics immediately.（分数：2.00）A.assignB.detachC.attachD.dispatch21.His evident_to his wife despite her indiscretion proved him to be a man of integrity.（分数：2.00）A.personalityB.characterC.fidelityD.morality22.I dont know why he has been given_. It wasnt his accomplishment but his
11、 wifes.（分数：2.00）A.acclaimB.confidenceC.reimbursementD.robustness23.After a concert tour in Asia, Canada and the U. S. , he will_work on a five-language opera.（分数：2.00）A.confineB.indulgeC.resumeD.undergo24.When Ph.D.candidates _ their impending professorships, they consider housing benefits offered b
12、y the prospective universities.（分数：2.00）A.anticipateB.assumeC.applyD.demand25.My supply of confidence slowly_as the deadline approached.（分数：2.00）A.withdrewB.eliminatedC.exterminatedD.diminished26.The battle is of great significance when viewed in the_of the progress of the war.（分数：2.00）A.prospective
13、B.respectiveC.perspectiveD.prescriptive27.It has long been known that total sleep_is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, upon examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal.（分数：2.00）A.depositionB.destructionC.deprivationD.reduction28.In that country, hospital doctors dont go sightsee
14、ing very often because their work_almost all their time.（分数：2.00）A.takes upB.takes offC.takes apartD.takes over29.According to the law of that country, the Parliament will have to be_before the General Election.（分数：2.00）A.decomposedB.dispersedC.dissolvedD.disintegrated30.He failed to carry out some
15、of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to _the consequences.（分数：2.00）A.answer forB.run intoC.abide byD.step into二、Grammar(总题数：30，分数：60.00)31.Switzerland is A best known for its B majesty mountain range and C thousands flock to the Alps each year to take advantage of D their ideal skiing c
16、onditions.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.A Police were sent to disperse the crowds but ended up B by shooting down protesters and it was in C this chaos that the seeds of political liberation were D sown .（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.Even today, A through the B hustle and bustle of Nevsky Prospect, St Petersburgs main
17、street, the C classical beauty of the city D mesmerizes the eye.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.She is furious A of her sons grades in school, B which explains why Mark is jealous C of Julias high marks D on the exam.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.Smog-choked Southern California A demands them. Its a car for people who ne
18、ver want to go to B a gas station again. But the fact is, for all the talk, selling C gas-less machines has been a D hard-sell .（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.People thought: Hey, eat a carp and you will be taking in A what it is that gives you these B fish their long C life-span . Of course, it D hasnt done a
19、 lot of good for these carp.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.In deciding to undertake dangerous pursuits, people A usually strive for their maximum personal ability rating, B when they C are challenged but can be victorious, rather than merely D surmounting the mediocre .（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.In proposing A such p
20、hilanthropic donations , the director of the company certainly spoke B from a genuine concern C for the needy and not D any desire for personal accolades.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.The armor, infantry and A other military forces B were held up by C the enemy counter attack , thus D caused the delay in the
21、advance.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.A Just as children the world over B like Christmas rooming, C adults so like Christmas evening when D peace and calm return to the household.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.A Each employee with B a modicum of intelligence C would be able to undertake D such a basic process.（分数：2.00）A
22、.B.C.D.42.The economic situation A will improve given that there is B forecast to be less unemployment and C closures than in D previous years .（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.The three most important issues A of concern to citizens today are B prison reform , C abusing children , and toxic D waste .（分数：2.00）A.
23、B.C.D.44.I was A on the verge of B incurring Mr. Rochesters wrath by not listening to his prohibitions, C while a ray once more shone almost D imperceptibly on the hallway wall and I heard his muffled step on the carpet.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.A The above is the most important aspect B which apes C can
24、be told from more D primitive social groupings.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46._that the earth was flat?（分数：2.00）A.Used it to be thoughtB.Did it used to be thoughtC.Was it used to being thoughtD.Does it used to be thought47.It is most inappropriate_in the college VIP lounge.（分数：2.00）A.for any students to be the
25、reB.for there to be any studentsC.to be any students thereD.to have there any students48.She_much more accurate responses now, had she taken more pains in devising the questions.（分数：2.00）A.gotB.would have gotC.had gotD.would be getting49.An extensive foundation in the basic sciences should be requir
26、ed of all science students, _.（分数：2.00）A.whether they are future physicists or chemistsB.be they future physicists or chemistsC.they are future physicists or chemistsD.they should be future physicists or chemists50.The general opinion is that he is_to complain.（分数：2.00）A.so much a milquetoastB.too a
27、 milquetoastC.too much of a milquetoastD.so much of a milquetoast51.Although of course there are exceptions, it seems reasonably clear that in certain countriesRwanda, Somalia and parts of the former Yugoslavia come to mindhunger is less a result of an absolute food shortage, _a policy decision or t
28、he political situation.（分数：2.00）A.than ofB.rather thanC.but the result ofD.than is52.The ozone layer plays as great a role in the stability of spaceship Earth as_ the waters of its lakes, ponds, oceans, rivers, and streams.（分数：2.00）A.doB.doesC.playD.are53.Perhaps I should not have done so, but I cha
29、nged my mind about the new job even though I was_last week.（分数：2.00）A.to be startedB.to have startedC.to have been startingD.start54.Despite an overlay of quasi-literary French vocabulary stemming from the Norman Invasion of 1066, the daily vocabulary of English remained Germanic, _its grammatical s
30、tructure.（分数：2.00）A.the same areB.and so areC.as didD.and so were55.Although money is always useful, it isnt all_.（分数：2.00）A.what there is to lifeB.to which there is in lifeC.there is to lifeD.that is in life56._ever so humble, theres no place like home.（分数：2.00）A.It beB.Be itC.It wasD.Was it57._all
31、 customs, no matter how sacrosanct, are essentially learned reactions appropriate perhaps only to the holders thereof is a basic assumption of anthropologists.（分数：2.00）A.NearlyB.It is nearlyC.That nearlyD.When nearly58.Although women cluster to him like moths around a flame, he is none_ happier for
32、it.（分数：2.00）A.butB.theC.muchD.any59.The major reason why Americans enjoy an abundant food supply is that the arable land at their disposal for food production is_.（分数：2.00）A.three times more the world averageB.three times as much the world averageC.three times the world averageD.the world average is
33、 three times60.The sound of the roaring of a tiger is_heard by jungle dwellers_ feelings of unease, for a year does not elapse without victims falling to the tigers ferocity.（分数：2.00）A.always, withB.ever, withoutC.ever, withD.never, without三、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：30.00)The normal human daily cycle of activ
34、ity is of some 78 hourssleep alternation with some 1617 hours wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides【C1】_the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this【C2】_can be modified. The question is no mere academic one. The ease with which people can change f
35、rom working in the day to working at night is a【C3】_of growing importance in industry where automation【C4】_round-the-clock working of machines. It normally【C5】_form five days to one week for a person to adapt to a【C6】_routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night.【C7
36、】_, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine【C8】_he has to change to another,【C9】_much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very【C10】_. One answer would seem to be【C11】_periods on each shift, a month, o
37、r even three months.【C12】_recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their【C13】_habits to sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any【C14】_to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to ha
38、nd over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose【C15】_may persist through all weekends and holidays.（分数：30.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.inB.withC.ofD.over(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.cycleB.periodC.circleD.round(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.problemB.difficultyC.troubleD.matter(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.asksB.invitesC.cal
39、ls forD.reacts to(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.takesB.spendsC.demandsD.asks(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.formerB.returnedC.reversedD.regular(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ThereforeB.UnfortunatelyC.In a wordD.In comparison(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.asB.whenC.thenD.than(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.thoughB.so thatC.whileD.as(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.efficien
40、tlyB.goodC.easilyD.happily(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.shorterB.betterC.longerD.nicer(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.SoB.In shortC.SimilarlyD.However(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.newB.normalC.temporaryD.favorite(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.changeB.returnC.adaptationD.tendency(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.wakefulnessB.sleepC.preferenceD.habit四、
41、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：40.00)In recent years, there has been a steady assault on salt on from the doctors: salt is bad for youregardless of your health. Politicians also got on board. “There is a direct relationship,“ U. S. congressman Neal Smith noted, “between the amount of sodium a person
42、consumes and heart disease, circulatory disorders, stroke and even early death. “ Frightening, if true! But many doctors and medical researchers are now beginning to feel the salt scare has gone too far. “All this hue and cry about eating salt is unnecessary,“ Dr. Dustan insists. “For most of us it
43、probably doesnt make much difference how much salt we eat. “ Dustans most recent short-term study of 150 people showed that those with normal blood pressure underwent no change at all when placed on an extremely low salt diet, or later when salt was reintroduced. Of the hypertensive subjects, howeve
44、r, half of those on the low-salt diet did experience a drop in blood pressure, which returned to its previous level when salt was reintroduced. “An adequate to somewhat excessive salt intake has probably saved many more lives than it has cost in the general population,“ notes Dr. John H. Laragh. “So
45、 a recommendation that the whole population should avoid salt makes no sense. “ Medical experts agree that everyone should practice reasonable “moderation“ in salt consumption. For an average person, a moderate amount might run from four to ten grams a day, or roughly 1/2 to 1/3 of a teaspoon. The e
46、quivalent of heart problems may have to limit dietary salt, if their doctor advises. But even the very vocal “low salt “ exponent, Dr. Arthur Hull Hayes, Jr. , admits that “we do not know whether increased sodium consumption causes hypertension“. In fact, there is increasing scientific evidence that
47、 other factors may be involved: deficiencies in calcium, potassium, perhaps magnesium; obesity(much more dangerous than sodium); generic predisposition; stress. “It is not your enemy,“ says Dr. Laragh, “Salt is the No. 1 natural component of all human tissue, and the idea that you dont need it is wr
48、ong. Unless your doctor has proven that you have a salt related health problem, there is no reason to give it up. “（分数：8.00）(1).According to some doctors and politicians, the amount of salt consumed_.（分数：2.00）A.exhibits as an aggravating factor to people in poor healthB.cures diseases such as stroke
49、 and circulatory disordersC.correlates highly with some diseasesD.is irrelevant to people suffering from heart disease(2).From Dr. Dustans study we can infer that_.（分数：2.00）A.a low-salt diet may be prescribed for some peopleB.the amount of salt intake has nothing to do with ones blood pressureC.the reduction of salt intake can cure
