【考研类试卷】考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编2及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编 2 及答案解析(总分:64.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数:32,分数:64.00)1.As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming_: The fatter the bird, the more efficiently it flies.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.interruptio

2、nB.descriptionC.qualificationD.contradiction2.The party leader justified his subsequent re-election_that he had brought political stability and economic development to his country.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.in the wayB.by no meansC.on the groundsD.to the extent3.A leading British scholar has proposed

3、 translating Shakespeare into contemporary English_young audience who are confused by jokes which are 400 years out of date.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.in memory ofB.at the cost ofC.on behalf ofD.for the benefit of4.The objective of this popular consultation is to determine,_, the final political stat

4、us of the region, whether to remain of the country as a special district, or to part from it.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.once upon a timeB.once and againC.all at onceD.once and for all5.The_choice for a consumer, therefore, is the choice among the available ones that will enable him or her to maximize

5、 utility.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.optimalB.optionalC.opticalD.optimistic6.High grades are supposed to_academic ability, but Johns actual performance did not confirm this.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.certifyB.clarifyC.classifyD.notify7.Before we move, we should_some of the old furniture, so that we c

6、an have more room in the new house.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.discardB.dissipateC.cancelD.conceal8.You cannot imagine how I feel_with my duties sometimes.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.overflowedB.overthrownC.overwhelmedD.overturned9.His illness first_itself as severe stomach pains and headaches.(中国矿业

7、大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.expressedB.manifestedC.reflectedD.displayed10.The_they felt for each other was obvious to everyone who saw them.(中国矿业大学 2008年试题)(分数:2.00)A.affectionB.adherenceC.sensibilityD.sensitivity11.These continual_in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题

8、)(分数:2.00)A.transitionsB.transformationsC.exchangesD.fluctuations12.Henry went through the documents again carefully for fear of_any important data.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.relayingB.overlookingC.deletingD.revealing13.These were stubborn men not easily_to change their mind.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.

9、00)A.tiltedB.convertedC.persuadedD.suppressed14.A child hears his mother tongue spoken from morning till night in its_ form.(上海交通大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.correctB.accurateC.genuineD.perfect15.The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone, because I knew it meant another_d

10、ecision to be made.(上海交通大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.criticalB.plentifulC.decentD.massive16.In protest, blacks and_whites sat at the counters of these restaurants and refused to move until they were served.(上海交通大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.sensibleB.indifferentC.influentialD.sympathetic17.Once a picture is prov

11、ed to be a forgery, it becomes quite_.(中南大学 2007 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.unworthyB.worthlessC.invaluableD.priceless18.Jimmy earns his living by_works of art in the museum.(中南大学 2007 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.renewingB.revivingC.recoveringD.restoring19.I couldnt sleep last night because the tap in the bathroom was_.(中南大

12、学 2007 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.spillingB.drippingC.drainingD.dropping20.If you want this painkiller, youll have to ask the doctor for a_.(中南大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.transactionB.agreementC.permitD.prescription21.I found it difficult to_my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.(中南大学 2006 年试题)(分

13、数:2.00)A.intensifyB.reconcileC.consolidateD.amend22.It is hard to tell whether we are going to have a boom in the economy or a_.(中南大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.concessionB.recessionC.submissionD.transmission23.Right now there is a sale of 19th-century European Paintings and sculpture in the museum.(清华大学 2

14、006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.photographsB.imagesC.statuesD.stone paintings24.The more intrusive advertisements become, the more they irritate web users.(清华大学 2006年试题)(分数:2.00)A.annoyB.dismayC.surpriseD.startle25.Both police officers and high officials here are susceptible to corruption(清华大学 2006年试题)(分数:2.00)A

15、.sustainableB.suspiciousC.skepticalD.vulnerable26.Ploughs and other agricultural implements were on display at the recent exhibition. (清华大学 2005 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.equationsB.playthingsC.toolsD.machinery27.My own inclination , if I were in your situation, would be to look for another position.(清华大学 2005

16、 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.symptomB.likenessC.habitD.tendency28.The combination of lenses in a compound microscope makes possible greater amplification than can be achieved with a single lens.(清华大学 2005 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.managementB.magnificenceC.magnetismD.magnification29.The nuclear family_a self-contained, sel

17、f-satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children.(北京大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.refers toB.definesC.describesD.devotes to30.Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that elderly Americans are_by social isolation and loneliness.(北京大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.reproachedB.fa

18、voredC.plaguedD.reprehended31.In addition to bettering group and individual performance, cooperation_ the quality of interpersonal relationship.(北京大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.ascendsB.compelsC.enhancesD.prefers32.That Pacific island attracts shoals of tourists with its rich_of folk arts. (北京大学 2005 年试题)(

19、分数:2.00)A.heritageB.heredityC.heroismD.hermitage考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编 2 答案解析(总分:64.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数:32,分数:64.00)1.As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming_: The fatter the bird, the more efficiently

20、 it flies.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.interruptionB.descriptionC.qualificationD.contradiction 解析:解析:在给出的选项中:interruption“中断”;description“描述”;qualification“资格”;contradiction“矛盾”。contradiction 一词总结了原句中解释性分句表达的意思。所以,正确答案是D。2.The party leader justified his subsequent re-election_that he had brought politi

21、cal stability and economic development to his country.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.in the wayB.by no meansC.on the grounds D.to the extent解析:解析:在给出的选项中:in the way“在路上”;by no means“绝不”;on thegrounds“基于”;to the extent“到程度”。所以,正确答案是 C。3.A leading British scholar has proposed translating Shakespeare into c

22、ontemporary English_young audience who are confused by jokes which are 400 years out of date.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.in memory ofB.at the cost ofC.on behalf ofD.for the benefit of 解析:解析:在给出的选项中:in memory of“纪念”;at the cost of“以某种代价”;onbehalf of“代表”;for the benefit of“为了某人的利益”。所以,正确答案是 D。4.The obje

23、ctive of this popular consultation is to determine,_, the final political status of the region, whether to remain of the country as a special district, or to part from it.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.once upon a timeB.once and againC.all at onceD.once and for all 解析:解析:在给出的选项中:once upon a time“从前”;once

24、 and again“再三”;all atonce“突然”;once and for an“彻底地”。所以,正确答案是 D。5.The_choice for a consumer, therefore, is the choice among the available ones that will enable him or her to maximize utility.(浙江大学 2010 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.optimal B.optionalC.opticalD.optimistic解析:解析:在给出的选项中:optimal“最佳的”,仔细体会可以发现,该词符合题干语意;o

25、ptional“可选择的”,该词没有 A 项切题;optical“光学的”;optimistic“乐观的”。所以,正确答案是 A。6.High grades are supposed to_academic ability, but Johns actual performance did not confirm this.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.certify B.clarifyC.classifyD.notify解析:解析:在给出的选项中:certify“证明”;clarify“澄清”;classify“分类”;notify“通知”。所以,正确答案是 A。7

26、.Before we move, we should_some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room in the new house.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.discard B.dissipateC.cancelD.conceal解析:解析:在给出的选项中:discard“抛弃”;dissipate“消散”;cancel“取消”;conceal“隐藏”。所以,正确答案是 A。8.You cannot imagine how I feel_with my duties sometimes.(中国矿

27、业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.overflowedB.overthrownC.overwhelmed D.overturned解析:解析:在给出的选项中:overflowed“溢出的”;overthrown“推翻的”;overwhelmed“不知所措的”;overturned“倾覆的,倒转的”。所以,正确答案是 C。9.His illness first_itself as severe stomach pains and headaches.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.expressedB.manifested C.reflectedD.disp

28、layed解析:解析:在给出的选项巾:expressed“表达”;manifested“表明”;reflected“反映”;displayed“展示”。所以,正确答案是 B。10.The_they felt for each other was obvious to everyone who saw them.(中国矿业大学 2008年试题)(分数:2.00)A.affection B.adherenceC.sensibilityD.sensitivity解析:解析:在给出的选项中:affection“喜爱”;adherence“依附”;sensibility“情感”;sensitivity“

29、敏感”。所以,正确答案是 A。11.These continual_in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.transitionsB.transformationsC.exchangesD.fluctuations 解析:解析:在给出的选项中:transitions“过渡”;transformations“改革”;exchanges“变化”;fluctuations“波动”。所以,正确答案是 D。12.Henry went through the documents

30、 again carefully for fear of_any important data.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.relayingB.overlooking C.deletingD.revealing解析:解析:在给出的选项中:relaying“接转,转送;播放,转播”;overlooking“忽略,疏漏”;deleting“删除”;revealing“揭示”。所以,正确答案是 B。13.These were stubborn men not easily_to change their mind.(中国矿业大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.t

31、iltedB.convertedC.persuaded D.suppressed解析:解析:在给出的选项中:tilted“用言词或文字抨击”;converted“转换”;persuaded“劝说”;suppressed“压制”。所以,正确答案是 C。14.A child hears his mother tongue spoken from morning till night in its_ form.(上海交通大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.correctB.accurateC.genuine D.perfect解析:解析:各项的意思是:correct 正确的,合适的;acc

32、urate 精确的,准确的;genuine 纯正的;perfect 完美的,完善的。根据句意判断,答案是 C。15.The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone, because I knew it meant another_decision to be made.(上海交通大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.critical B.plentifulC.decentD.massive解析:解析:各项的意思是:critical 决定性的,关键性的,批评的,批判的,be criti

33、calabout 对某事爱挑剔;plentiful 丰富的,大量的;decent 正派的,令人满意的;massive 可观的,巨大的。根据句意判断,答案为 A。16.In protest, blacks and_whites sat at the counters of these restaurants and refused to move until they were served.(上海交通大学 2008 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.sensibleB.indifferentC.influentialD.sympathetic 解析:解析:各项的意思是:sensible 明智的,合

34、情理的;indifferent 不关心的,中立的,beindifferent to 对漠不关心;influential 有影响的,有权势的;sympathetic 赞同的,支持的,befeel sympathetic totoward 对表示同情,持赞同态度。根据句意判断,答案为 D。17.Once a picture is proved to be a forgery, it becomes quite_.(中南大学 2007 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.unworthyB.worthless C.invaluableD.priceless解析:解析:形容词辨析题。句子的意思是;一旦一幅面

35、被证明是赝品,那它就一文不值了。本题的难点在于考生是否知道 forgery 是伪造物的意思,另外还应区分 priceless 和 worthless。A 项的意思是“不值得的”。B 项的意思是“无价值的”。C 项的意思是“无价的”,D 项的意思是“无价的,极其贵重的”,所以正确答案应该是 B 项。18.Jimmy earns his living by_works of art in the museum.(中南大学 2007 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.renewingB.revivingC.recoveringD.restoring 解析:解析:动词辨析题。句子的意思是:吉米以修复博物馆

36、里的艺术品来度日。renew 意为“翻新,更新”;revive 意为“复活,再流行”;recover 意为“康复”;restore 意为“(使)恢复原样,修复(健康,家具,艺术品)”。根据句意,D 项为正确答案。19.I couldnt sleep last night because the tap in the bathroom was_.(中南大学 2007 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.spillingB.dripping C.drainingD.dropping解析:解析:动词辨析题。句子的意思是:浴室水龙头的滴水声使我昨夜无法入眠。spill 意为“涌出,溢出”;drip 意为“滴

37、落,滴下”,如:Water is dripping from that leakyfaucet(水正从漏水的龙头滴下来。);drain 意为“排水”;drop 意为“滴下,落下”。注意区分 drop 和 drip。drop 不管是作动词还是名词,都有“滴下、落下”的意思,可以是任何物体,不限于液体。而 drip 指水滴,只能用于液体。因此 B 项是正确答案。20.If you want this painkiller, youll have to ask the doctor for a_.(中南大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.transactionB.agreementC.pe

38、rmitD.prescription 解析:解析:A 项的意思是“交易”,B 项的意思是“同意”,C 项的意思是“许可证”,D 项的意思是“处方”,医生给病人开的应该是处方,所以答案是 D。21.I found it difficult to_my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.(中南大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.intensifyB.reconcile C.consolidateD.amend解析:解析:句子的意思是:我发现要协调带孩子和事业之间的矛盾很难。四个选项中只有 B 项有“使和谐”的意思

39、,所以答案是 B。A 项表示“加强”,C 项表示“巩固”,D 项表示“修正,改进”,均与句子的意思不符。22.It is hard to tell whether we are going to have a boom in the economy or a_.(中南大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.concessionB.recession C.submissionD.transmission解析:解析:句子中提到 a boom in the economy,可见应该选择一个与 boom 意思相反的词。boom 是“繁荣”的意思。A 项表示“让步”,B 项表示“工商业不景气”,C

40、 项表示“屈服”,D 项表示“传送,传播”。只有 B 项的意思和 boom 的意思相反,所以选 B。23.Right now there is a sale of 19th-century European Paintings and sculpture in the museum.(清华大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.photographsB.imagesC.statues D.stone paintings解析:解析:A 项表示“照片”;B 项表示“图像,肖像”;C 项表示“雕像,塑像,雕塑”;D 项表示“石工画”。题中画线词的词义为“雕塑,雕刻”,故正确答案为 C。24.T

41、he more intrusive advertisements become, the more they irritate web users.(清华大学 2006年试题)(分数:2.00)A.annoy B.dismayC.surpriseD.startle解析:解析:A 项表示“使苦恼,骚扰”;B 项表示“使沮丧,使惊慌”;C 项表示“使惊讶”;D 项表示“震惊”。题中画线词的词义为“激怒,使急躁”,A 项最为符合题意,故正确答案为 A。25.Both police officers and high officials here are susceptible to corrupti

42、on(清华大学 2006年试题)(分数:2.00)A.sustainableB.suspiciousC.skepticalD.vulnerable 解析:解析:A 项表示“可忍受的,养得起的”;B 项表示“可疑的,怀疑的”;C 项表示“怀疑性的,好怀疑的”;D 项表示“易受攻击的,易受的攻击”。题中画线词的词义为“易受影响的”,故本题答案为 D。26.Ploughs and other agricultural implements were on display at the recent exhibition. (清华大学 2005 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.equationsB.pl

43、aythingsC.tools D.machinery解析:解析:implements 的意思是“工具,器具”。四个选项中,A 项 equations 表示“相等,平衡,综合体,因素,方程式,等式”,B 项 playthings 表示“玩具”,C 项 tools 表示“工具,用具”,D 项machinery 表示“机器,机械”。本题是说犁和其他农业用具最近正在展出。因此 C 项为正确答案。27.My own inclination , if I were in your situation, would be to look for another position.(清华大学 2005 年试

44、题)(分数:2.00)A.symptomB.likenessC.habitD.tendency 解析:解析:inclination 的意思是“倾斜,弯曲,倾斜度,倾向,爱好”。四个选项中,A 项 symptom表示“症状,征兆”,B 项 likeness 表示“相像,相似物”,C 项 habIt 表示“习惯,习性”,D 项tendency 表示“趋向,倾向”。本题是说如果我处在你的位置,我会寻找另外的职位。因此 D 项为正确答案。28.The combination of lenses in a compound microscope makes possible greater amplif

45、ication than can be achieved with a single lens.(清华大学 2005 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.managementB.magnificenceC.magnetismD.magnification 解析:解析:amplification 的意思是“扩大”。四个选项中,A 项 management 表示“经营,管理,处理,操纵,驾驶,手段”,B 项 magnificence 表示“华丽,富丽堂皇”,C 项 magnetism 表示“磁,磁力,吸引力,磁学”,D 项 magnification 表示“扩大,放大倍率”。本题是说由多个透镜组合起来的

46、显微镜可能比单片显微镜放大很多倍。因此 D 项为正确答案。29.The nuclear family_a self-contained, self-satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children.(北京大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.refers to B.definesC.describesD.devotes to解析:解析:A 项表示“提到,涉及”;B 项表示“解释,阐明,给下定义”;C 项表示“描写,形容”;D 项表示“把献给,贡献于”。从整句话的意思来看,显然是对“核心家庭”这个词的解释。句子的意思是说:“核

47、心家庭”指的是由父亲、母亲和孩子组成的独立的、自我满足的单位。因此 A 项为正确答案。30.Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that elderly Americans are_by social isolation and loneliness.(北京大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.reproachedB.favoredC.plagued D.reprehended解析:解析:A 项表示“责备,责怪”;B 项表示“支持,赞成”;C 项表示“给某人造成麻烦或困难”;D 项表

48、示“批评或指责”。本句的意思是说:认为美国老人受被社会隔离和孤独的折磨。因此 C 项为正确答案。31.In addition to bettering group and individual performance, cooperation_ the quality of interpersonal relationship.(北京大学 2006 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.ascendsB.compelsC.enhances D.prefers解析:解析:A 项表示“上升,升高”;B 项表示“强迫,迫使”;C 项表示“提高,增强”;D 项表示“更喜欢,宁愿”。后半句的意思是说:合作人际关系,显然应该是增进、提高人与人之间的良好关系。因此 C 项为正确答案。32.That Pacific island attracts shoals of tourists with its rich_of folk arts. (北京大学 2005 年试题)(分数:2.00)A.heritage B.heredityC.heroismD.hermitage解析:解析:A 项 heritage 表示“传统,遗产”,符合题意。其他三项,B 项 heredity 表示“遗传,继承”;C 项 heroism 表示“英雄主义”;D 项 hermitage 表示“偏

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