1、考研英语(一)-39 (1)及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Space Shuttle Project is one of the first huge-typed spaceflight instruments used for many times in the world, organized by American National Aviation andSpaceflight Bureau, the main researches ofU U 1 /U /Uare researching and m
2、aking the system of space shuttle, suggesting and choosingU U 2 /U /Uand landing ports,deciding the scheme of reclaiming the roll booster of solid rocket,U U 3 /U /Uthe establishment of repairing the roll booster, and rebuilding and expanding the building of theU U 4 /U /Uand controlling system. At
3、the beginning of 1969, the United States set up a group that specially researched the development direction of spaceflight withU U 5 /U /Ufor the next stage,U U 6 /U /Uby deputy president. AfterU U 7 /U /Uand research, it suggested that an aerocraft with great benefits inU U 8 /U /Ushould be made, e
4、gU U 9 /U /Uthe spaceflight being its leading stanchion. In this project, five orbit implements were prescribed to be made,U U 10 /U /U“ Exploitation“, “ Columbia“, “ Challenger“,“Discovery“ and “Atlands“. In 1970, spaceflight got into an all-roundU U 11 /U /Uof research and manufacture. The whole-p
5、roject had to delay more than three years. Five orbit implements wereU U 12 /U /Uto be four and flight experiment for six times was also decreased for four, U U 13 /U /Uthe number of production was cut down, according to the original scheme. In April 1971 thisU U 14 /U /Uwas decided that Kennedy Spa
6、ce Centre was used for the launching and landing port for space shuttles, and Edwards Air Base was used for theU U 15 /U /Ulanding port. In February 1977,“Exploitation“ Orbit Implement started to have entering and landing experiment sin Edwards Air Base. From May 12, 1981 to July 4, 1982, “Columbia“
7、 Space Shuttle successfully finished four flight experiments for research and manufacture, U U 16 /U /Umeant that the U U 17 /U /Uand manufactures were over inU U 18 /U /Uform. ItU U 19 /U /Uabout 12 years and cost more than 75 billion US dollars to finish the whole project. On November 11, 1990, sp
8、ace shuttles began to fly forU U 20 /U /U.（分数：10.00）(1). A. what B. which C. where D. that（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2). A. labeling B. hauling C. hawking D. launching（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. dedicatedB. boosted C. browsed D. decreased（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4). A. as B. if C. though D. once（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A.
9、parallel B. outfit C. programmeD. outlet（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6). A. uniform B. spark C. unity D. spare（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7). A. whereas B. what C. whether D. which（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. resolutionB. renaissanceC. researches D. resemblance（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9). A. building B. breaching C. breeding D. bug
10、ging（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10). A. obscuring B. rejecting C. observing D. refining（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11). A. people B. member C. man D. person（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12). A. led B. deprived C. leaked D. diluted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. weapon B. investigationC. wisdom D. irritation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. econom
11、icsB. finance C. accounting D. economy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15). A. in B. with C. by D. through（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16). A. modified B. propelled C. named D. provoked（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. convictionB. stage C. context D. stand（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18). A. due B. sober C. drastic D. feeble（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(1
12、9). A. spent B. took C. consumed D. absorbed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. commerceB. business C. trade D. transaction（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)On the ground floor of the Federal Reserve building in Washington, DC, there is an elec
13、tronic game which tests a visitors skill at setting interest rates. You have to decide how to respond to events such as rising inflation or a stockmarket crash. If you get all the answers right, the machine declares you the next Fed chairman. In real life, because of huge uncertainties about data an
14、d how the economy works, there is no obviously right answer to the question of when to change interest rates. Nor is there any easy test of who will make the best Fed chairman. So who would The Economist select for the job? Alan Greenspan will retire as Fed chairman on January 31st, after a mere 181
15、/2 years in the job. So George Bush needs to nominate a successor soon. Mr. Bush has a penchant for picking his pals to fill top jobs: last week he nominated his personal lawyer Harriet Miers to the Supreme Court. But his personal bank manager really would not Ucut the mustard/U as Fed chairman. Thi
16、s is the most important economic-policy job in Americaindeed in the whole world. The Fed chairman sets interest rates with the aim of controlling inflation, which in turn helps determine the value of the dollar, the worlds main reserve currency. It is hardly surprising that financial markets worldwi
17、de can rise or fall on his every word. Financial markets are typically more volatile during the first year after the handover to a new chairman than during the rest of his tenure. In October 1987,barely two months after Mr. Greenspan took office, the stock market crashed. Current conditions for a ha
18、ndover are hardly ideal. Americas economy has never looked so unbalanced, with a negative household savings rate, Ua housing bubble/U, a hefty budget deficit, a record current-account deficit and rising inflation. Figures due on October 14th are expected to show that the 12-monthrate of inflation ha
19、s risen above 4% its highest since 1991.（分数：10.00）(1).The phrase “cut the mustard“ in the second paragraph most probably means_. A. “be qualified“ B. “lower interest rate“ C. “be acquisitive“ D. “spend spree“（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following questions does the text discuss? A. What is the
20、content of the electronic game? B. Who could fill Alan Greenspans shoes? C. How to respond to events such as rising inflation? D. Who could change interest rates?（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following words best defines the relationship between the value of dollar and setting of interest rates?
21、 A. Counteractive. B. Naive. C. Interactive. D. Novel.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following, according to the text, is a common phenomenon? A. Financial markets and stock markets crash due to the handover. B. Comment by the Fed chairman are invalid in the world financial markets. C. Inflation
22、rises above 4% record high level. D. Remarks by the Fed chairman can sway the world financial markets.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author mentions “a housing bubble“ in the last paragraph so as to_. A. clarify the fact that Alan Greenspan will retire as Fed chairman B. exemplify the rumor that Mr. Bush
23、has a penchant for picking his pals to fill top jobs C. illustrate the notion that the present situations for a handover are hardly ideal D. refute the theory that American economy has never looked so unbalanced（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Al
24、though the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. It was used to make kerosene, the main fuel for artificial lighting after overfishing led to a shortage of whale blubber. Other liquids p
25、roduced in the refining process, too unstable or smoky for lamplight, were burned or dumped. But the unwanted petrol and diesel did not go to waste for long, thanks to the development of the internal-combustion engine a few years later.Since then demand for oil has, with a couple of Ublips/U in the
26、1970s and 1980s, risen steadily alongside ever-increasing travel by car, plane and ship. Three-fifths of it ends up in fuel tanks. With billions of Chinese and Indians growing richer and itching to get behind the wheel of a car, the big oil companies, the International Energy Agency (IEA) and Americ
27、as Energy Information Administration all predict that demand will keep on rising.We believe that they are wrong, and that oil is close to a peak. This is not the “peak oil“ widely discussed several years ago, when several theorists, who have since gone strangely quiet, reckoned that supply would fla
28、tten and then fall. We believe that demand, not supply, could decline. In the rich world oil demand has already peaked: it has fallen since 2005. Even allowing for all those new drivers in Beijing and Delhi, two revolutions in technology will dampen the worlds thirst for the black stuff.The first re
29、volution was led by a man from Texas who has just died. George Mitchell championed “fracking“ as a way to release huge supplies of “unconventional“ gas from shale (a smooth soft rock) beds. This, along with vast new discoveries of conventional gas, has recently helped increase the worlds reserves fr
30、om 50 to 200 years. The other great change is in automotive technology. Rapid advances in engine and vehicle design also threaten oils dominance. Foremost is the efficiency of the internal-combustion engine itself. Petrol and diesel engines are becoming ever more frugal.Not surprisingly, the oil “su
31、permajors“ and the IEA disagree. They point out that most of the emerging world has a long way to go before it owns as many cars, or drives as many miles per head, as America. But it would be foolish to predict from the rich worlds past to booming Asias future. The sorts of environmental policies th
32、at are reducing the thirst for fuel in Europe and America by imposing ever-tougher fuel-efficiency standards on vehicles are also being adopted in the emerging economies.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. A. oil was first discovered and used in the Middle East. B. the
33、oil age is short-lived and has already come to its end. C. the shortage of kerosene led to the use of petrol and diesel. D. the oil age is largely attributed to technological developments.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “blip“ (Line 1, Para. 2) most probably means _. A. boom. B. slump. C. increase. D.
34、 fluctuation.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements is true, according to paragraph 3 and 4? A. Demand for oil is close to a peak with supplies increased. B. The oil demand in the world has already peaked until 2005. C. New energy has broken the dominance of conventional gas. D. Dema
35、nd for oil is limited while supply of oil is unlimited.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the last paragraph, the oil “supermajors“ believe that _. A. the emerging world needs more vehicles. B. the future of oil is bright in the emerging world. C. the demand for oil is the strongest in Asia. D. the t
36、hirst for fuel is impossible to be reduced.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be _. A. Dawn of the Oil Age. B. Oil: A Fit of Peak. C. Oil: Yesterdays Fuel. D. The Future of Oil.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)UIts the part of the job that stock analy
37、st Hiroshi Naya dislikes the most: phoning investor managers on a Saturday or Sunday when hes working on a report and facing a deadline./U In Japan, placing a work call to someone on the weekend “feels like entering someones house with your shoes on, “ says Naya, chief analyst at Ichiyoshi Research
38、Institute in Tokyo. So last year, Naya started asking his questions via messages on Facebook. While a telephone call seems intrusive, he says, a Facebook message “feels more relaxed. “Many Japanese have become fans of Mark Zuckerbergs company in the past year. Its taken a while: Even as Facebook too
39、k off in India, Indonesia, and other parts of Asia, its been a laggard in Japan since its local-language version debuted in 2008. UThe site faced cultural obstacles in a country where people historically havent been comfortable sharing personal information, or even their names, on the Internet./U Ho
40、megrown rivals such as community website operator Mixi and online game portals such as DeNA allow their users to adopt pseudonyms.The Japanese are overcoming their shyness, though. In February, Facebook had 13.5 million unique users, up from 6 million a year earlier. That puts Facebook in the No. 1
41、position in Japan for the first time, ahead of Twitter and onetime leader Mixi. “Facebook didnt have a lot of traction in Japan for the longest time, “ says Arvind Rajan, Asia-Pacific managing director for Linkedln, which entered the Japanese market last October and hopes to emulate Face books recen
42、t success. “ They really did turn the corner, “ he says. Rajan attributes the change in attitude to the March 11, 2011, earthquake and tsunami. During the crisis and its aftermath, sites such as Facebook helped parents and children locate each other and allowed people post and find reliable informat
43、ion. “ The real-name case has been answered, “ says Rajan. “People are getting it now. “Japanese see Facebook as a powerful business tool. The real-name policy makes the site a good place to cultivate relationships with would-be partners. As more companies such as retailers Uniqlo and Muji turn to F
44、acebook to reach Japanese consumers, the Silicon Valley company is benefiting from a viruous cycle, says Koki Shiraishi, an analyst in Tokyo with Daiwa Securities Capital Markets. “UIts a chicken-and-egg thing/U: If everyone starts using it, then more people start using it. “As a result of Facebooks
45、 rise, investors have soured on some of its rivals : DeNAs stock price has dropped 24 percent in the past year, and Mixis has fallen 38 percent. Growth at Twitterwhich also entered Japan in 2008has stagnated, and the San Francisco company has partnered with Mixi to do joint marketing. Twitter Japan
46、country manager James Kondo says theres no reason to worry. Japans social networking scene “is a developing thing, “ he says. “Were not in a flat market where everyone is competing for a share of a fixed pie. “（分数：10.00）(1).We know from Paragraph 2 that Facebook didnt gain in stant popularity in Jap
47、an because of _. A. fierce competition from business rivals B. Japanese sticking to old internet norms C. legal concerns over privacy protection D. a tradition of using internet anonymously（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that LinkedIn is _. A. a local company in Japan who wants to follow Facebooks suit B. a social network adopting real-name policy C. a data processing company analyzing social networks D. a very successful social network in America only second to Facebook（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Twitte
