1、考研英语-172 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. U(1) /U the turn of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent U(2) /U of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was U(3) /U,or by whom. But it bega
2、n to be U(4) /U in the early 1900s. Jazz is Americas contribution to U(5) /U music. In contrast to classical music, which U(6) /U formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, U(7) /U the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920, jazz U(8) /U
3、 like America. And U(9) /U it does today. The U(10) /U of this music are as interesting as the music U(11) /U. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz U(12) /U. They were brought to the Southern states U(13) /U slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to wo
4、rk long U(14) /U. When a Negro died his friends and relatives U(15) /U a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanies the U(16) /U. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. U(17) /U on the way home the mood change
5、d. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their U(18) /U, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played U(19) /U music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes U(20) /U at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.（分数：10.00）A.AtB.
6、InC.ByD.OnA.musicB.songC.melodyD.styleA.discoveredB.actedC.designedD.inventedA.noticedB.foundC.listenedD.heardA.classicalB.sacredC.lightD.popularA.formsB.followsC.approachedD.introducesA.expressingB.explainingC.exposingD.illustratingA.appearedB.feltC.soundedD.seemedA.soB.asC.eitherD.neitherA.origina
7、lsB.originsC.discoveriesD.resourcesA.concernedB.itselfC.availableD.oneselfA.playersB.followersC.pioneersD.fansA.forB.byC.withD.asA.monthsB.weeksC.hoursD.timesA.demonstratedB.composedC.formedD.hostedA.demonstrationB.processionC.bodyD.marchA.EvenB.ThereforeC.ButD.FurthermoreA.numberB.membersC.bodyD.re
8、lationsA.sadB.solemnC.funeralD.happyA.whistledB.sungC.showedD.presented二、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BText 1/BSharks have gained an unfair reputation for being fierce predators of large sea animals. Humanitys unfounded fear and hatred of these ancient creatures is leading to a worldwide slaughter
9、that may result in the extinction of many larger, coastal shark species. The shark is the victim of a warped attitude of wildlife protection: we strive only to protect the beautiful, nonthreatening parts of our environment. And, in our efforts to restore only nonthreatening parts of our earth, we ig
10、nore other important parts.A perfect illustration of this attitude is the contrasting attitude towards another large sea animal, the dolphin. During the 1980s, environmentalists in the U. S. A. protested the use of driftnets for tuna fishing in the Pacific Ocean since these nets also caught dolphins
11、. The environmentalists generated enough political and economic pressure to prevent tuna companies from buying tuna that had been caught in driftnets. In contrast to this effort, the populations of sharks in the Pacific Ocean have decreased to the point of extinction and there has been very little e
12、ffort by the same environmentalists to save this important species, of marine wildlife. Sharks are among the oldest creatures on earth, having survived in the seas for more than 350 million years. They are extremely efficient animals, feeding on wounded or dying animals, thus performing an important
13、 role in nature of weeding out the weaker animals in a species. Just the fact that species such as the Great White Shark have managed to live in the oceans for so many millions of years is enough proof of their efficiency and adaptability to changing environments. It is time for humans, who may not
14、survive another 1000 years at the rate they are damaging the planet, to east away their fears and begin considering the protection of sharks as creatures that may provide us insight into our own survival.（分数：10.00）(1).The main focus of this passage is _.（分数：2.00）A.why sharks have such a bad reputati
15、onB.how sharks become some of the oldest creatures on earthC.how sharks illustrate a problem in wildlife protectionD.why the campaign to save dolphins was not extended to save sharks(2).About how long have sharks lived on the planet?（分数：2.00）A.25 million years.B.150 million years.C.350 million years
16、.D.500 million years.(3).Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Specific to general.B.Cause and effect.C.Statement and example.D.Chronological order.(4).How did environmentalists manage to protect dolphins?（分数：2.00）A.They prevented fishermen from selling th
17、em for meat.B.They pressured fishermen into protecting dolphins by law.C.They brought political pressure against tuna companies.D.They created sanctuaries where dolphin fishing was not allowed.(5).What is the authors attitude in this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Explanatory.B.Persuasive.C.Humorous.D.Narrative
18、.BText 2/BIn ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious association. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honour of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules aga
19、inst foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B.C.The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married
20、 woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonoured persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events is uncertain, but events included boys gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Oly
21、mpic Games.On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honoured by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honour that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact,
22、 richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.After an uninterrupted history of almost 1200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A. D. They continued for such a long time because people believe
23、d in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens i
24、n 1896.Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes expenses.The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted
25、on Mount Olympus by the suns rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five
26、 interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.（分数：10.00）(1).In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games _.（分数：2.00）A.were merely national athletic festivalsB.were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious colourC.had rules which put foreign part
27、icipants in s disadvantageous positionD.were primarily national events with few foreign participants(2).In the early days of ancient Olympic Games _.（分数：2.00）A.only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the GamesB.all Greeks, irrespective in of sex, religion or social status, were allow
28、ed to take partC.all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in the GamesD.all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games(3).The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics _.（分数：2.00）A.has not definitely been establishedB.varied according to the number of foreign c
29、ompetitorsC.was decided by Zeus, in whose honour the Games were heldD.was considered unimportant(4).Modern athletes results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because _.（分数：2.00）A.the Greeks had no means of recording the resultsB.they are much betterC.details such as the time were not
30、recorded in the pastD.they are much worse(5).Nowadays, the athletes expenses are paid for _.（分数：2.00）A.out of the prize money of the winnersB.out of the funds raised by the competing nationsC.by the athletes themselvesD.by contributionsBText 3/BLet us ask what were the preparation and training Abrah
31、am Lincoln had for oratory, whether political or forensic.Born in rude and abject poverty, he never had any education, except what he gave himself, till he was approaching manhood. Not even books wherewith to inform and train his mind were within his reach. No school, no university, no legal faculty
32、 had any part in training his powers. When he became a lawyer and a politician, the years most favourable to continuous study had already passed, and the opportunities he found for reading were very scanty. He knew but few authors in general literature, though he knew those few thoroughly. He taught
33、 himself a little mathematics, but he could read no language save his own, and can have had only the faintest acquaintance with European history or with any branch of philosophy.The want of regular education was not made up for by the persons among whom his lot was cast. Till he was a grown man, he
34、never moved in any society from which he could learn those things with which the mind of an orator to be stored. Even after he had gained some legal practice, there was for many years no one for him to mix with except the petty practitioners of a petty town, men nearly all of whom knew little more t
35、han he did himself.Schools gave him nothing, and society gave him nothing. But he had a powerful intellect and a resolute will. Isolation fostered not only self-reliance but the habit of reflection, and indeed, of prolonged and intense reflection. He made all that he knew a part of himself. His conv
36、ictions were his ownclear and coherent. He was not positive or opinionated and he did not deny that at certain moments he pondered and hesitated long before he decided on his course. But though he could keep a policy in suspense, waiting for events to guide him, he did not waver. He paused and recon
37、sidered, but it was never his way to go back on a decision once more or to waste time in vain regrets that all he had expected had not been attained. He took advice readily and left many things to his ministers; but he did not lean on his advisers. Without vanity or ostentation, he was always indepe
38、ndent, self-contained, prepared to take full responsibility for his acts.（分数：10.00）(1).It is said in the second paragraph that Abraham Lincoln _.（分数：2.00）A.was illiterateB.was never educatedC.was educated very lateD.behaved rudely when he was young(2).We are also told that Abraham Lincoln _.（分数：2.00
39、）A.never cared much for readingB.did much reading when he was youngC.never had much chance to readD.became an enthusiastic reader when he was grown up(3).It is said in the third paragraph that Abraham Lincoln _.（分数：2.00）A.was anti-socialB.learned little from his friendsC.had few friendsD.knew very f
40、ew doctors(4).The habit of reflection helped Lincoln _.（分数：2.00）A.to develop independenceB.to become more opinionatedC.to attain clear convictionsD.to become a hesitant person(5).We may say, taking the passage as a whole, that Lincoln was _.（分数：2.00）A.a failure because of his ignoranceB.a man who tr
41、iumphed over his disadvantagesC.an exceptionally successful and well-educated personD.an illiterate man, but with some natural talentsBText 4/BThe idea that, if your house is built in the right position, this may affect your success in life seems strange to many people. However, to believers in Feng
42、-Shui, or the art of geomancy, not only the position but also the choice of decorations and even the color of your home can mean the difference between good fortune and disaster. This art has been practiced for centuries in China and is still used all over South East Asia. Even the huge Hong Kong ba
43、nks call in a geomant if they are planning to build new offices. They have such faith in his knowledge that if he advises them to move, they will alter their plans for even their biggest buildings.Like many Oriental beliefs the geomants skill depends on the idea of harmony in nature. If there is no
44、imbalance between the opposing forces of Yin and Yang, the building will bring luck to its inhabitants. This means that the house must be built on the right spot as well as facing the right direction, and also be painted an auspicious color. For instance, if there are mountains to the north, this wi
45、ll protest them from evil influences. If the house is painted red, this will bring happiness to the occupants while green symbolizes youth and will bring long life. Other factors, such as the owners time and date of birth, are taken into account, too. The geomant believes that unless all these are c
46、onsidered when choosing a site for construction, the fortune of the people using it will be at risk.Indeed, to ignore the geomants advice can have fatal results. The death of the internationally famous Kung-Fu star, Bruce Lee, has been used as an example. It is said that when Lee found out that the
47、house he was living in was an unlucky one, he followed a geomants advice and installed an eight-sided mirror outside his front door to bring him luck. Unfortunately, a storm damaged the mirror and the house was left unprotected from harmful influences. Soon afterwards Lee died in mysterious circumst
48、ances.Not only is Feng-Shui still used in South East Asia, but it has also spread right across the world. Even in modern New York a successful commercial artist called Milton Glaser has found it useful. He was so desperate after his office was broken into six times that he consulted a geomant. He wa
49、s told to install a fish tank with six black fish and fix a red clock to the ceiling. Since then he has not been burglarized once. It may seem an incredible story, but no other suitable explanation has been offered.（分数：10.00）(1).From the passage we can infer that Feng-Shui is NOT used in _.（分数：2.00）A.Hong KongB.the United
