1、考研英语-500 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Americas Federal Reserve cut interest rates by another quarter-point, to 3.75%. Wall Street, which had been (1) for a sixth half-point cut, was disappointed. The Dow fell by 2% (2) the week. The past weeks economic statistics ga
2、ve mixed signals. Exports dropped by 2% in both March and April, largely (3) a decline in high-tech investment (4) ; the merchandise-trade (5) widened to $458 billion in the 12 months (6) April. (7) , the Conference Boards index of consumer confidence was higher than (8) in June.Concerns (9) inflati
3、on in the euro area (10) . Preliminary data (11) that German consumer- price inflation fell to 3.1% in the year to June, from 3.5% in May; wage growth (12) to 1.4% in April, a real pay cut of 1.5%. Some economists fear that Germany is on the (13) of recession. The IFO index of business confidence dr
4、opped more (14) than expected in May, and the institute has cut its forecast of GDP (15) this year to only 1.2%, well (16) the German governments forecast of 2%.The euro areas current-account deficit narrowed to $30 billion in the 12 months to April. Britains deficit in the first quarter was its sma
5、llest (17) 1998, (18) record investment income.There was more bad news from Japan, (19) retail sales in large stores fell by 3.2% in May, the 37th consecutive monthly fall. The yen fell (20) the dollar, touching almost Yen 125 on one point.（分数：10.00）A.expectingB.hopingC.wishingD.dreamingA.inB.aboveC
6、.duringD.aboutA.because ofB.sinceC.becauseD.thanks toA.at homeB.homeC.from abroadD.abroadA.deficitB.shortageC.scarcityD.shortfallA.toB.untilC.upD.ontoA.AlthoughB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.HenceA.projectedB.plannedC.predictedD.expectedA.onB.forC.ofD.overA.stoppedB.easedC.relievedD.improvedA.showedB.demonst
7、ratedC.illustratedD.explainedA.reducedB.cutC.slowD.lessenedA.edgeB.rimC.lipD.brinkA.harshlyB.huskilyC.strictlyD.severelyA.growthB.riseC.increaseD.escalationA.aboveB.belowC.highD.lowA.afterB.sinceC.untilD.towardsA.owe toB.because ofC.on account ofD.thanks toA.whereB.whichC.whatD.whoA.in opposition to
8、B.opposed toC.againstD.versus二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It was a little weird at first, Erin Tobin said, seeing Harry Potter right there on the stage without his pants, or indeed any of his clothes.Not actually Harry Potter, of course, since he
9、is fictional, but the next best thing: Daniel Radcliffe. who plays him in the movies. Now 17. Mr. Radcliffe has cast off his wand. his broomstick and everything else to appear in the West End revival of Peter Shaffers “Equus.“ He stars as Alan Strang, a disturbed young man who, in a distinctly un-Ha
10、rry-Potterish moment of frenzied psychosexual madness, blinds six horses with a hoof pick.To make it clear what audiences are in for, at least in part, photographs of Mr. Radcliffes buff torso, stripped almost to the groin, have been used to advertise the production. It is as jarring as if, say, Ann
11、e Hathaway suddenly announced that instead of playing sweet-natured princesses and fashion-world ing6nues, she wanted to appear onstage as a nude. murderous prostitute.To explain how is surprising the change of Radcliffe to the audience, the author mentions Anne “Equus“ opened last week, and the con
12、sensus so far is that Mr. Radcliffe has successfully extricated himself from his cinematic alter ego. Considering that playing Harry Potter is practically all he has done in his career, this is no small achievement.“I think hes a really good actor, and I sort of forgot about Harry Potter.“ said Ophe
13、lia Oates. 14, who saw the play over the weekend. “Anyway, you cant be Harry Potter forever.“In The Daily Telegraph, Charles Spencer said that “Daniel Radcliffe brilliantly succeeds m throwing off the mantle of Harry Potter, announcing himself as a thrilling stage actor of unexpected depth and range
14、.“Mr. Radcliffe told The Daily Telegraph that “I thought it would be a bad idea to wait till the Potter films were all finished to do something else.“ There are still a few to go. The fifth, “Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix,“ is scheduled for release on July 13. and Mr. Radcliffe has signe
15、d on for the final two installments as well. (Meanwhile, the seventh and last book in the series, “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows,“ will hit stores on July 21.)Harry and Alan could not be more dissimilar as characters, even if both “come from quite weird backgrounds,“ as 13-year-old Ella Pitt,
16、 another recent theatergoer, put it. (And no. she declared, she was not too young for all the nakedness, swearing and sexuality.) Both characters have unresolved issues relating to their parents: Harry, because his are dead, and Alan, because his have driven him insane.But when it comes to romance,
17、for instance, the celluloid Harry has yet to kiss a girl; the big moment comes in the forthcoming film. Meanwhile, Alan in “Equus“ not only engages in some serious equi-erotic nuzzling with an actor playing a horse, but is also onstage, fully nude. for 10 minutes, during which he nearly has sex with
18、 an equally naked young woman.（分数：10.00）(1).Hathaway. This is a_.（分数：2.00）A.simileB.comparisonC.hyperboleD.analogy(2).The word “extricated“ (Line 2, Par（分数：2.00）A.4) implies_.A. rescuedB. freedC. clearedD. extracted(3).The audiences response to the new image of “Harry Porter“ is_.（分数：2.00）A.negative
19、B.positiveC.indifferentD.none of the above(4).The two dissimilar characters, i.e. Harry and Alan are common in that_.（分数：2.00）A.they are both weirdB.their parents are weirdC.they have unresolved issuesD.they have weird families(5).The best title for this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.“Harry Porter“ Is Disa
20、ppearingB.The Naked “Harry Porter“C.The Successful Change of “Harry Porter“D.“Harry Porter“ in “Enquus“五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Uruguay has been a proud exception to the privatizing wave that swept through South America in the 1990s. Its state-owned firms are more efficient than many of their counter
21、parts in Argentina and Brazil ever were. In 1992, Uruguayans voted in a referendum against privatizing telecoms. They rightly observe that some of Argentinas sales were smashed, creating inefficient private monopolies. And with unemployment at 15%, nobody is enthusiastic about the job cuts privatiza
22、tion would involve.That leaves President Jorge Batlle with a problem. Uruguay has been in recession for the past two years, mainly because of low prices for its agricultural exports, and because of Argentinas woes. But public debt is at 45% of GDP, and rising. Some economists argue that privatizatio
23、n would give a boost to the economy, by attracting foreign investment, and by lowering costs. CERES, a think-tank, having compared tariffs for public services in Uruguay and its neighbors, believes liberalization could save businesses and households the equivalent of 4% of GDP annually, raise growth
24、 and produce a net 45,000 jobs.The polls that show continuing support for public ownership also show growing opposition to monopolies. So Mr. Baffle plans to keep the state firms, but let private ones either compete with them or bid to operate their services under contract.The opposition Broad Front
25、 and the trade unions are resisting. They have gathered enough signatures to demand a “public consultation“ next month on a new law to allow private operators in the ports and railwaysa referendum on whether to hold a referendum on the issue. Alberto Bension, the finance minister, admits the vote wi
26、ll be a crucial indicator of how far the government can push. But he notes that, since 1992, attempts to overturn laws by calling referendums have flopped.The liberalization of telecoms has already begun. Bell South, an American firm, is the first private cell-phone operator. There are plans to lice
27、nse others, and talk of allowing competition for fixed-line telephones. A new law allows private companies to import gas from Argentina to generate electricity in competition with the state utility. Another plan would strip Ancap, the state oil firm, of its monopoly of imports. It has already been a
28、llowed to seek a private partner to modernize its refinery.Harder tasks lie ahead. The state-owned banks are burdened with problem loans to farmers and home owners. And Mr. Batlle shows no appetite for cutting the bureaucracy.After a year in office, the president is popular. He has created a cross-p
29、arty commission to investigate “disappearances“ during Uruguays military dictatorship of 1976-85 The unions are weakened by unemployment. At CERES. Ernesto Talvi argues that Mr. Baffle should note his own strength, and push ahead more boldly. But that is not the Uruguayan way.（分数：10.00）(1).Uruguay i
30、n the 1990s_.（分数：2.00）A.moved in the privatizing waveB.adopted the same measure as that of ArgentinaC.sticked to its old economic modeD.developed very slowly(2).What can we infer from the first four paragraphs?（分数：2.00）A.Uruguay has been always trying to join in the privatizing waveB.Economists argu
31、e that privatization is an efficient way to boost Uruguays GDP.C.Mr. Battle plans to privatize the countrys economy completely.D.The opposition Broad Front is in favor of privatization.(3).The fifth paragraph suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.Bell South is built up in 1982B.There has been no law to regulate
32、 the electricityC.Ancap may modernize its refinery with the help of a private partnerD.Liberalization makes the economy slack(4).What does the author mean by “flopped“(last line, Par（分数：2.00）A.4)?A. succeededB. failedC. followedD provoked(5).Which one is TRUE according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Priv
33、atization is thriving in Uruguay.B.Now, referenda have less strength to change some laws.C.Uruguayan people are satisfied with the governments actions with regard to the economy.D.The President is managing to keep the state companies efficient.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Even at the Vatican. not all sac
34、red beliefs are absolute: Thou shalt not kill, but war can be just. Now, behind the quiet walls, a clash is shaping up involving two poles of near certainty: the churchs long-held ban on condoms and its advocacy of human life.The issue is AIDS. Church officials recently confirmed that Pope Benedict
35、XVI had requested a report on whether it might be acceptable for Catholics to use condoms in one narrow circumstance: to protect life inside a marriage when one partner is infected with H.I.V. or is sick with AIDS.Whatever the pope decides, church officials and other experts broadly agree that it is
36、 remarkable that so delicate an issue is being taken up. But they also agree that such an inquiry is logical, and particularly significant from this pope, who was Pope John Paul IIs strict enforcer of church doctrine.“In some ways, maybe he has got the greatest capacity to do it because there is no
37、doubt about his orthodoxy,“ said the. Rev. Jon Fuller, a Jesuit physician who runs an AIDS clinic at the Boston Medical Center.The issue has surfaced repeatedly as one of the most complicated and delicate facing the church. For years, some influential cardinals and theologians have argued for a chan
38、ge for couples affected by AIDS in the name of protecting life, while others have fiercely attacked the possibility as demoting the churchs long advocacy of abstinence and marital fidelity to fight the disease.The news broke just after Benedict celebrated his first anniversary as pope, a relatively
39、quiet papal year. But he devoted his first encyclical to love, specifically between a man and a woman in marriage.Indeed, with regard to condoms, the only change apparently being considered is in the specific case of married couples. But any change would be unpopular with conservative Catholics, som
40、e of whom have expressed disappointment that Benedict has displayed a softer face now as defender of the faith than he did when he was still Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, the papal adviser.“Its just hard to imagine that any popeand this popewould change the teaching,“ said Austin Ruse, president of the
41、 Culture of Life Foundation, a Catholic-oriented advocacy group in Washington that opposes abortion and contraception.It is too soon to know where the pope is heading. Far less contentious issues can take years to inch through the Vaticans nexus of belief and bureaucracy, prayer and politics, and Ca
42、rdinal Javier Lozano Barragan, the popes top aide on health care issues, and other officials declined requests for interviews.（分数：10.00）(1).By the first sentence in the first paragraph, the author actually means_.（分数：2.00）A.the war can be supported by the churchB.the Vatican is always telling a lieC
43、.some doctrines of the church are not so unchangeableD.people may do as they like(2).The request from Pope Benedict XVI is particularly significant because_.（分数：2.00）A.this pope strictly executed the Catholic doctrineB.this pope is powerfulC.this pope has been against the use of condoms all the time
44、D.This pope has been assisted the advocacy of human life(3).The word “demoting“ (Line 3, Par（分数：2.00）A.5 )_.A. degradingB. opposingC. supportingD. changing(4).This issue is so complicated because_.（分数：2.00）A.the pope has no capacity to deal with itB.it involve two poles of near certaintyC.it may aff
45、ect the popes orthodoxyD.there are two parties on this issue in the church(5).According to the passage, the pope probably will_.（分数：2.00）A.change the doctrine about the use of condomsB.give up his new ideasC.still carrying out the church beliefsD.None of the above七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Healthy soda
46、? That may strike some as an oxymoron. But for Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. its a marketing opportunity.In coming months, both companies will introduce new carbonated drinks that are fortified with vitamins and minerals: Diet Coke Plus and Tava, which is PepsiCos new offering. They will be promoted as “sp
47、arkling beverages.“ The companies are not tailing them soft drinks because people are turning away from traditional soda, which has been hurt in part by publicity about its link to obesity.While the soda business remains a $68 billion industry in the United States, consumers are increasingly reachin
48、g for bottled water, sparkling juices and green tea drinks. Irr2005. the mount of soda sold in this country dropped for the first time in recent history. Even the diet soda business has slowed.Coca-Colas chief executive. E. Neville Isdell. clearly frustrated that his industry has been singled out in
49、 the obesity debate, insisted at a recent conference that his diet products should be included in the health and wellness category because, with few or no calories, they are a logical answer m expanding waistlines.“Diet and light brands are actually health and wellness brands,“ Mr. Isdell said. He asserted that Diet Coke Plus was a way to broaden the category to attact new consumers.Tom Pirko. president of Bevmark, a food and beverage consulting firm, said it was “a joke“ to market artificially sweet
