【考研类试卷】考研英语-813及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-813 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、With the rapid sprea(总题数:20,分数:10.00)1.(分数:0.50)A.regarded asB.known asC.esteemed asD.reckoned as2.(分数:0.50)A.increasingB.spreadingC.decreasingD.raising3.(分数:0.50)A.lateB.latestC.latterD.later4.(分数:0.50)A.drawingB.givingC.depic

2、tingD.sketching5.(分数:0.50)A.as regardsB.other thanC.instead ofD.in view of6.(分数:0.50)A.accidentB.railwayC.handD.post7.(分数:0.50)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when8.(分数:0.50)A.detailsB.segmentsC.episodesD.descriptions9.(分数:0.50)A.onB.forC.atD.in10.(分数:0.50)A.displayedB.performedC.demonstratedD.exhibited11.(分数

3、:0.50)A.liableB.obtainableC.reliableD.available12.(分数:0.50)A.directlyB.naturallyC.generallyD.specially13.(分数:0.50)A.internetB.computerC.catalogueD.television14.(分数:0.50)A.electricB.electricalC.electronicD.electronics15.(分数:0.50)A.cameB.wentC.broughtD.happened16.(分数:0.50)A.AgainB.MoreoverC.BesidesD.S

4、econdly17.(分数:0.50)A.cashB.checkC.noteD.bin18.(分数:0.50)A.disadvantagesB.featuresC.advantagesD.characteristics19.(分数:0.50)A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.Otherwise20.(分数:0.50)A.naturallyB.trulyC.reallyD.actually三、Section Reading Co(总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Part A(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、Text 1(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.Sy

5、mantec might not block(分数:2.00)A.sex sites.B.violence site.C.gambling sites.D.shopping sites.22.What does the author mean by “the blocking of some questionablesite was not comprehensive“ ( Line 1, Last Paragraph) ?(分数:2.00)A.Some websites escape from being detected.B.The NIS program is not effective

6、 in other countries at all.C.All the websites in New Zealand should be included in the list.D.The website Playboy should be included in the list of no-go area.23.Norton Internet Security functions to(分数:2.00)A.shield computers from unexpected invasion.B.protect computers from being damaged.C.protect

7、 computers from being stolen.D.shield computers from being used properly.24.What do we know from the first paragraph?(分数:2.00)A.The net savvy workers are interested in searching the web for sexual content.B.Parents want the workers to make sure that the blocking component works.C.Parents across the

8、world dont want the sexual websites to be blocked.D.Parents across the world worry that their children might get hurt by some websites.25.According to the passage, the NIS program(分数:2.00)A.is always free, so are the virus updates.B.is free, but the virus updates cost $19.95.C.costs $ 19.95 includin

9、g the virus updates.D.costs $19.95 excluding the virus updates.六、Text 2(总题数:5,分数:10.00)26.From the context, the word “baloney“ ( Line 3, Paragraph 6) is close in meaning to(分数:2.00)A.balcony.B.nonsense.C.feat.D.simplicity.27.The cultural communication problems are becoming especially urgent for(分数:2

10、.00)A.American managers.B.consulting firms.C.Japanese employees.D.multinational companies.28.Why did the Japanese staff complain to the American manager?(分数:2.00)A.The American manager had lied to them.B.The salary increases were insufficient.C.Most staff had not received salary increases.D.There wa

11、s a misunderstanding of the word “fair“.29.The author gives a detailed explanation of the examples of the Asian engineer and the Japanese manager to show(分数:2.00)A.its necessary to build bridges over the cultural rivers.B.its important to learn different thinking patterns.C.its essential to communic

12、ate problems and complaints.D.its useful to give multinational training for businessmen.30.The promoted Japanese manager asked for a transfer because(分数:2.00)A.he was not competent for the higher position.B.he was not accustomed to working by himself.C.he could not make the adjustment to his new job

13、.D.he lacked adequate communication with his superior.七、Text 3(总题数:5,分数:10.00)31.According to the passage, we can tell that(分数:2.00)A.Easterlin agreed with Maslow.B.Easterlins theory contradicts with Maslows.C.Easterlins theory is more popular than Maslows.D.Maslows theory is more popular than Easte

14、rlins.32.What can we infer from the last sentence of the passage?(分数:2.00)A.Peoples pursue of nonmaterial goals will achieve victory.B.Peoples pursue of material goals outweighs that of spiritual goals.C.Peoples pursue of material goals will lead people to be humanists.D.Peoples pursue of nonmateria

15、l goals is something.33.The author organizes the passage by(分数:2.00)A.raising a question and arguing about it.B.identifying a problem and solving it.C.countering a flawed argument and bringing a new one.D.discussing a problem and arguing in favor of one solution to it.34.Generally speaking, people(分

16、数:2.00)A.feel poor if they have less than many others.B.feel rich if they have more than many others.C.tend to equate being happy with their feeling relatively rich.D.tend to expect more if they are richer than their neighbors.35.Easterlin seems to suggest that(分数:2.00)A.the richer people become, th

17、e happier they feel.B.people feel unhappy just because they are not rich enough.C.the increase of wealth certainly results in the increase of happiness.D.the increase of wealth does not necessarily result in the increase of happiness.八、Text 4(总题数:5,分数:10.00)36.A shortcoming of protective labor laws

18、that singling out a particular group of workers for protection is(分数:2.00)A.such laws are often too weak to be effective at protecting the group in question.B.employers compliance with such laws results in increased tension among workers.C.such laws exert no pressure on employers to eliminate hazard

19、s in the workplace.D.compliance with such laws is often costly for employers.37.In determining the value of special protective labor legislation for women, what does the author consider most helpful?(分数:2.00)A.An estimate of how many women workers are in favor of such laws.B.An analysis of the cost

20、to employers of complying with such laws.C.An investigation of the actual effects such laws have had on women workers.D.A consideration of what intentions the advocates of such laws really had.38.Special labor laws protecting women workers tend to(分数:2.00)A.make it less likely that women will be hir

21、ed.B.have little impact of any kind on women workers.C.modify the stereotypes employees often hold concerning women.D.increase the likelihood that employers deny disability plans to women workers.39.The author places the word “protecting“ (Line 8, Paragraph 2) in quotation mark to suggest that(分数:2.

22、00)A.she is quoting the actual wording of the laws in question.B.the health of workers is not in need of protection.C.the protective nature of the laws in question should not be overlooked.D.the laws in question are really detrimental to women workers.40.The author implies that many employee health

23、insurance plans(分数:2.00)A.meet minimum legal requirements.B.lack the special provisions for women workers.C.cover only some of the common medical conditions affecting women.D.pay the medical costs associated with pregnancy and childbirth.九、Part B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十、(41) The popularity (总题数:5,分数:10.00)4

24、1.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_42.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_43.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_44.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_45.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十二、(46) The English lan(总题数:5,分数:10.00)46.(分数:2.00)_47.(分数:2.00)_48.(分数:2.00)_49.(分数:2.00)_50.(分数:2.00)_十三、Section Writing(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十四、Part A(总题数:1,分数:10.00)51.Directions:After

25、being involved in an accident, you were sent to a hospital by another person. Write a letter to express your thanks.Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write th

26、e address. (10 points)(分数:10.00)_十五、Part B(总题数:1,分数:20.00)52.Directions:Write an essay of 160 -200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points

27、)(分数:20.00)_考研英语-813 答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、With the rapid sprea(总题数:20,分数:10.00)1.(分数:0.50)A.regarded asB.known as C.esteemed asD.reckoned as解析:解析 短语辨析题。本句大意为:电子商务有两种模式。显然。句子后半部分内容是对这两种模式进行说明,第一种是 B-to-B模式,第二种是 B-to-C模式。known as 意为“据人们所知”,放在此处,符合文意。known as b

28、usiness-to-business 指“即人们所知的 B-to-B模式”,此句为非限制性定语从句 which are known as的省略。避错指导 regarded as 意为“被认为”,known as 是一种客观的表述,这里是对电子商务模式的补充说明,而 regarded as 则是主观判断,用在此处不适合;esteemed as 意为“被视为”,与 regarded as类似,esteemed as 也有主观判断的意思在内;reckoned as 意为“把看作”,用在句中,不符合上下文语境。2.(分数:0.50)A.increasing B.spreadingC.decreasi

29、ngD.raising解析:解析 语义衔接题。文章开篇作者使用了一介词短语:With the rapid spread of the internet every- where in the world(随着因特网在世界各地的快速传播),接下来提到了用户数量。根据常识可知,既然互联网传播速度很快,用户数量必然是增加的。因此应选择有“数量增加”意义的词汇。四个选项中,increase 意为“增加”,the increasing number of users 指“不断增长的用户数量”。避错指导 spread 意为“传播”,spreading 不能与 number搭配,故排除。decrease 意

30、为“减少”,从句子语义分析,互联网的快速传播与用户数量的不断增加是顺承关系,因此使用了并列连词 and。而快速传播与用户数量不断减少是逆接关系,不能使用 and,需使用表示转折、对比关系的连词 but等。从句中的连词可以判断,decrease 不是本题正确选项。raise 意为“上升,提到,引起”,与 number不能搭配使用。3.(分数:0.50)A.lateB.latest C.latterD.later解析:解析 词汇辨析题。根据常识可判断,B-to-C 是最新得以发展的模式。latest 意为“最新的,最近的”,如:This toy robot is the latest craze

31、all over the world(这种玩具机器人最近风靡全世界。)避错指导 late 意为“迟的,晚的”,latter 意为“后者的”,later 意为“后来,过后”,这几个词放在本句中不符合上下文语境。4.(分数:0.50)A.drawingB.giving C.depictingD.sketching解析:解析 词汇辨析题。该句是一个复合句,从四个选项可以看出第二个 catalogue后是分词结构作后置定语,修饰前面的名词。a catalogue giving pictures and other details of everything 意为“带图画和其他细节的宣传目录”,可以判断

32、 giving放在空白处符合句意。避错指导 被修饰词 catalogue不能画画,因此排除 drawing,如果使用过去分词 drawn,需加 with才对;depict 意为“描述,描写”,显然 pictures无法被描写或描述;sketch 意为“素描,画速写”,与draw类似,catalogue 自己不能画速写,故不是正确选项。5.(分数:0.50)A.as regardsB.other thanC.instead of D.in view of解析:解析 短语辨析题。此处讲电视购物与宣传画册购物的不同之处,即“不用宣传目录,待售的商品在电视上展出和演示”。instead of 意为“代

33、替,顶替”,如:If you cannot go,hell go instead of you,(如果你不能去,他愿替你去。)。避错指导 as regards 意为“关于,至于,依照”,如:The tables are correctly placed as regards size and color (依照大小和色彩适当布置桌子。)other than 意为“除了,除了之外”,如:Theres nobody here other than me(除了我,这里没别人。)in view of 意为“考虑到,由于”,如:In view of my excellent performance,Iv

34、e got a promotion(由于表现出色,我得到晋升。)6.(分数:0.50)A.accidentB.railwayC.handD.post 解析:解析 语义衔接题。根据常识可知,在从目录上选好所出售的商品之后,就应该是购买商品了。既然“从目录上购物”是 B-to-C模式的最初形式,可知这种购物模式无需消费者出门,货物会被送到家里。显然本句中提到的是买方通过某种形式来订货并用支票支付货款,然后购买的东西就会送货上门。四个选项中 post意为“邮件”,by post 意为“邮寄”。根据常识可知,支票和订单都是纸制品,可以通过邮件方式寄出。避错指导 by accident 意为“偶然,无意

35、中”,从句意可以看出,这里要求表示一种传递订单和支票的方式,显然 by accident不符合要求;by railway 意为“通过铁路运输”,根据常理,铁路运输的通常是货物、包裹等,不可能是订单和支票,故排除此项;by hand 意为“用手”,不符合上下文语义逻辑关系。7.(分数:0.50)A.whichB.thatC.where D.when解析:解析 结构衔接题。从句中可以看出这里作者在介绍 B-to-C的具体内容。首先出现的是“(商品)目录购物”,第五题空格后出现了句子 you choose what you want from a catalogue,很显然这是一个从句,与前面的 c

36、atalogue shopping构成修饰关系,因为从句中主谓宾齐全,因此需要一引导副词,在从句中作状语。分析该句子可知这里应使用表示地点的关系副词 where,表示从目录中选择自己想要的商品。避错指导 which 和 that在定语从句中是关系代词,作从句中的主语或宾语,因此不是本题正确选项;when虽然可在定语从句中作状语,但应修饰表示时间的先行词,句中先行词表示地点,因此可排除when。8.(分数:0.50)A.details B.segmentsC.episodesD.descriptions解析:解析 词汇辨析题。从句中的 worry about、the danger 可以判断出,这

37、里作者在指出一个现象,即人们担心如果在互联网上使用信用卡,透漏信用卡信息,会有被盗用的危险。detail 意为“细节,详情”,这里是指信用卡的具体信息,如持卡人姓名、卡号、密码等。避错指导 segment 意为“片断”,episode 意为“事件,插曲”,description 意为“描写,描述”,这几个词都与信用卡被盗用无关。9.(分数:0.50)A.onB.for C.atD.in解析:解析 惯用搭配题。从句中可以看出,这里是说宣传目录上给出了待售商品的详情。for sale 意为“待售,出售”,如:That house is for sale(那座房子待售。)在宣传目录上给出的当然是待售

38、商品的详情,因此 for sale是正确选项。避错指导 on sale 意为“大甩卖,大折价”,如:These coats are on sale this week(本周这些外套甩卖。)从本题所在的句子大意来判断,这里没有大甩卖的含义,故排除 on sale;另外,没有 at sale或 in sale的搭配,故这两项为干扰项。10.(分数:0.50)A.displayedB.performedC.demonstrated D.exhibited解析:解析 问汇辨析题。该句表达的意思是:然后出现了电视购物,电视购物不使用目录,而是在电视上展现待售商品。demonstrate 意为“展示,演示

39、”,句中的选择连词 or和后面的 show表明,这里所选动词与其意思相近,故选用 demonstrate。避错指导 display 和 exhibit都有“展览,陈列”之意,但主要用于在商场或展厅等公共场合中的展览、陈列。display 通常暗示展示某物以获得最大利益的一种尝试,exhibit 通常暗示吸引观看的公开展览。从句意来看,这里没有在公共场所展出物品之意,故可排除 display和 exhibit。perform 指节目、戏剧等的演出,与本句语境没有语义逻辑关系。11.(分数:0.50)A.liableB.obtainableC.reliableD.available 解析:解析 词

40、汇辨析题。本题所在句子意为“B-to-C 是最新的发展模式,我们在网上就可看到宣传目录”。available 意为“可得到的”,表示商品放在网上展示,自然而然会映人消费者眼帘之意。避错指导 liable 意为“有倾向的,可能的”;reliable 意为“可信赖的,可依赖的”;obtainable意为“可得到的”,但 obtain常指经过一番努力后才取得、获得之意。从本句来判断,这里没有经过努力获得之意,故排除 obtainable。12.(分数:0.50)A.directlyB.naturally C.generallyD.specially解析:解析 语义衔接题。第二段首句指出:B-to-C

41、 是最先得以发展的模式。接下来,谈到 B-to-C的起源,根据常识可知 B-to-C是通过互联网购买商品的一种模式,这样方便那些不愿出门购物的人购买商品。 naturally 意为“自然而然地”,本词用在此处最为恰当,此句意为“早时当人们开始足不出户地购买东西时,它便自然而然地产生了”。避错指导 directly 意为“直接地”,specially 意为“特别地”,这两个词用在句中,均不符合文意,人们开始足不出户地购买东西与电子商务的产生是自然而然的结果,而不是有意为之,也不是直接结果。generally意为“一般地,通常”,用于概述或总结性陈述,与 naturally相比,没有将电子商务是人

42、们不愿出门购物的自然结果表现出来。13.(分数:0.50)A.internet B.computerC.catalogueD.television解析:解析 语义衔接题。此处在谈论网络购物 B-to-C模式,因此必然选 intemet。避错指导 根据常识可知,仅靠 computer(电脑)而没有上网的话是不能完成交易的,因此 computer不合适;catalogue 和 television购物是上文中刚刚提到的内容,是 B-to-C的初期模式,而第二段最后是淡论最新的发展模式,故不使用这两个词。14.(分数:0.50)A.electricB.electricalC.electronic D

43、.electronics解析:解析 词汇辨析题。从句子中的破折号可以看出,这里是对句中的 E-commerce进行补充说明。四个词汇中,electronic 意为“电子的”,与电子、晶体管、芯片及由计算机控制的设备都可以使用electronic这个词,如:electronic banking(电子银行),指用计算机设备控制的银行系统。根据文意可知,E-commerce(电子商务)是利用因特网技术展开的商务,与计算机直接联系,因此这里的 e指的就是electronic。避错指导 electric 意为“电的,电动的”,这个词通常用于与电力相关的设备,如:an electric current(电

44、流)/ an electric light(电灯);electrical 意为“电的,电气科学的”,如:electrical engineering(电机工程);electronics 意为“电子学,电子器件”,是名词,表示某一学科或电子装置,不能与 commerce搭配。15.(分数:0.50)A.came B.wentC.broughtD.happened解析:解析 结构衔接题。在介绍完“从目录购物后”,作者马上介绍了 B-to-C模式产生之前的另一种模式television shopping(电视购物)。这里使用了倒装句,主语是 television shopping,与前文First

45、came“catalogue shopping”呼应,因此此处应为 Then came“television shopping”。避错指导 表示出现某种事物是具有指向性的,通常使用动词 come表示由远及近,使用 go则表示由近及远;bring 表示“带来”之意,是及物动问,后面需要跟宾语;happen 意为“发生”,放在句中,语句则不通顺。16.(分数:0.50)A.Again B.MoreoverC.BesidesD.Secondly解析:解析 逻辑衔接题。句中提到了电视购物的支付方式和送货方式:以支票购物,送货上门。因此可知此处讲的是电视购物与宣传画册购物的相同之处。从文章可知,目录购物

46、的支付方式是寄支票,这里再次提及,因此使用 again,表示“同样,还是消费者寄一张支票,货物就被送到家”。避错指导 moreover 和 besides都意为“而且”,表示递进之意,从本句上下文分析,这里是意思的重复,不是递进关系;secondly 意为“第二”,这个词表示顺承关系,应与 firstly相呼应,前文中没有出现 firstly,因此也可排除此项。17.(分数:0.50)A.cashB.check C.noteD.bin解析:解析 语义衔接题。本句意思是:客户做出自己的选择,他不用通过邮寄的方式寄送订单和。从本句后半部分的 pays for it using his credit

47、 card可以得出前面提到的应是一种支付方式,而且这种支付方式是与现在网络购物中使用信用卡不同的。从句中的 rather than可以推出这应该是一种前面提过的支付方式。文章前面部分两次提到支票(check),故此处应是 a check,表示“前两种购物通过邮局寄出订单和支票(check),网络购物与之不同”的意思。避错指导 cash 意为“现金”,根据常识可知,现金只能当面支付,显然不适用于网络购物;note 意为“纸币,钞票”,纸币也是当面支付时使用的货币,故排除;bill 意为“账单”,账单是给消费方的,不是给卖方的,故在本句中不适用。18.(分数:0.50)A.disadvantagesB.featuresC.advantages D.characteristics解析:解析 语义衔接题。本句指出:网

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