1、考研英语-945 及答案解析(总分：87.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. (1) the turn of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent (2) of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was (3) ,or by whom. But it began to be
2、(4) in the early 1900s. Jazz is Americas contribution to (5) music. In contrast to classical music, which (6) formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, (7) the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920, jazz (8) like America. And (9) it do
3、es today. The (10) of this music are as interesting as the music (11) . American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz (12) . They were brought to the Southern states (13) slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long (14) . When a Negro died his friends a
4、nd relatives (15) a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanies the (16) . On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. (17) on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their (18) , but
5、 the living were glad to be alive. The band played (19) music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes (20) at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.（分数：10.00）(1).A. At B. In C. By D. On（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. music B. song C. melody D.
6、 style（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. discovered B. acted C. designed D. invented（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. noticed B. found C. listened D. heard（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. classical B. sacred C. light D. popular（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. forms B. follows C. approached D. introduces（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. expressing
7、B. explaining C. exposing D. illustrating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. appeared B. felt C. sounded D. seemed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. so B. as C. either D. neither（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. originals B. origins C. discoveries D. resources（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. concerned B. itself C. available D. oneself（分数：
8、0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. players B. followers C. pioneers D. fans（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. for B. by C. with D. as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. months B. weeks C. hours D. times（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. demonstrated B. composed C. formed D. hosted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. demonstration B. procession C. body D.
9、march（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. Even B. Therefore C. But D. Furthermore（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. number B. members C. body D. relations（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. sad B. solemn C. funeral D. happy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. whistled B. sung C. showed D. presented（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数
10、：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in s
11、hops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves.Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered t
12、heir mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few
13、 years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to
14、see what tea tasted like when milk was added. She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without milk, Because she was such a great lady, her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it.Slowly this habit spread until it reached En
15、gland and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.At frist, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening. No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o clock stopped her getting “a sinking feeling“
16、as she called it. She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so, tea - time was born.（分数：6.00）(1).Which of the following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain?A. The Britons got expensive tea from India.B. Tea reached Britain from Holland.C. The Britons were the first peopl
17、e in Europe who drank tea.D. It was not until the 17th century that the Britons had tea.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).This passage mainly discusses _.A. the history of tea drinking in BritainB. how tea became a popular drink in BritainC. how the Britons got the habit of drinking teaD. how tea - time was born
18、（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).Tea became a popular drink in Britain _.A. in eighteenth centuryB. in sixteenth centuryC. in seventeenth centuryD. in the late seventeenth century（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).People in Europe began to drink tea with milk because _.A. it tasted like milkB. it tasted more pleasantC. it be
19、came a popular drinkD. Madame de Sevigne was such a lady with great social influence that people tried to copy the way she drank tea（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostly due to the influence of _.A. a famous French ladyB. the ancient
20、ChineseC. the upper social classD. people in Holland（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)When a customer claimed to have found a severed finger in a bowl of chilli served at a Wendys fast-food franchise in California, the chains sales fell by half in the San Jos area where the incident was repor
21、ted. Wendys brand and reputation were at risk, until the claim was exposed as a hoax in late April and the company, operator of Americas third-biggest hamburger chain, was vindicated.Yet the share price of Wendys International, the parent company, rose steadily through March and April, despite the f
22、inger furore and downgrades from analysts. One reason was heavy buying by hedge funds, led by Pershing Square Capital. This week Pershing made its intentions public, saying that it was worried by market rumours that Wendys might soon buy more fast-food brands, and arguing that the firm should be sel
23、ling assets instead. Pershings approach indicates rising pressure on American restaurant companies to perform, at a time when the industrys growth prospects look increasingly tough.The hit on customers wallets from higher petrol prices and rising interest rates will probably mean that year-on-year s
24、ales growth across the American restaurant industry slows to just 1% by the fourth quarter of 2005, down from a five-year historic average of 5.6%, say UBS, an investment bank, and Global Insight, a forecasting group. Looking further ahead, says UBSs David Palmer, the industry may have to stop relyi
25、ng on most of the long-term trends that were behind much of its recent growth.Three-quarters of Americans already live within three miles of a McDonalds restaurant, leaving little scope for green-field growth. Obesity is a growing issue in America, and with it come the threat of liability lawsuits a
26、gainst big restaurant chains and, perhaps, legal limits on advertising. This week Americas biggest food trade group, the Grocery Manufacturers Association, was said to be preparing tougher guidelines on the marketing of food to children, in the hope of staving off statutory controls. Home cooking ma
27、y also be making a comeback, helped by two factors. The percentage of women joining Americas workforce may have peaked, and supermarket chains such as Wal-Mart have been forcing down retail food prices.Expansion overseas is one option for American restaurant chains. Burger King, the privately owned
28、number two hamburger chain, opened its first outlet in China last month, apparently aiming to maintain strong growth ahead of an initial public offering next year. McDonalds has 600 outlets in China and plans 400 more. But at home, the future seems to hold only an ever more competitive and cost-cons
29、cious restaurant industry. Fast-food chains are trying to poach customers from “casual dining“ chains (such as Applebees Neighborhood Grill), while those chains are squeezing out independent restaurants unable to compete on cost or in marketing clout. Business conditions, not severed fingers, are th
30、e real threat to the weaker firms in the restaurant business.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “hoax“ (line 4, paragraph 1) probably meansA. truth. B. joke. C. revenge. D. warn.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why did the share price of Wendys International rise steadily after the “severed finger“ incident?A. The womans c
31、laim was reported as a mistake.B. Wendys is Americans third-biggest hamburger chain.C. Pershing Square Capital bought a large amount of its shares.D. Wendys will buy more fast-food brands and assets.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which statement is true according to the text?A. Americas restaurant industry is
32、 growing steadily.B. Wendys International is threatened severely by Burger King and McDonaldC. Fast-food chains are facing more competitive market inside America.D. UBS and Global Insight are planning to help restaurant industry get out of difficulties.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How can American restauran
33、t chains accelerate their business?A. To improve the quality of their products and services.B. To raise their share prices with the help of some hedge funds.C. To invest more money in advertising especially to children.D. To expand their business scope overseas.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From paragraph 4
34、we can infer thatA. there is one McDonalds restaurant every three miles.B. to limit advertising of food to children is a way to avoid obesity.C. home cooking may prevent women from joining Americas workforce.D. Wal-Mart can raise the fo6d prices by its large scale.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：
35、10.00)Success, it is often said, has many fathers-and one of the many fathers of computing, that most successful of industries, was Charles Babbage, a 19th-century British mathematician. Exasperated by errors in the mathematical tables that were widely used as calculation aids at the time, Babbage d
36、reamed of building a mechanical engine that could produce flawless tables automatically. But his attempts to make such a machine in the 1920s failed, and the significance of his work was only rediscovered this century.Next year, at last, the first set of printed tables should emerge from a calculati
37、ng “difference engine“ built to Babbages design. Babbage will have been vindicated. But the realization of his dream will also underscore the extent to which he was a man born ahead of his time.The effort to prove that Babbages designs were logically and practically sound began in 1985, when a team
38、of researchers at the Science Museum in London set out to build a difference engine in time for the 200th anniversary of Babbages birth in 1992. The team, led by the museums curator of computing, Doron Swade, constructed a monstrous device of bronze, iron and steel. It was 11 feet long, seven feet t
39、all, weighed three tons, cost around $500 000 and took a year to piece together. And it worked perfectly, cranking out successive values of seventh-order polynomial equations to :31 significant figures. But it was incomplete. To save money, an entire section of the machine, the printer, was omitted.
40、To Babbage, the printer was a vital part of design. Even if the engine produced the correct answers, there was still the risk that a transcription or typesetting error would result in the finished mathematical tables being inaccurate. The only way to guarantee error-free tables was to automate the p
41、rinting process as well. So his plans included specifications for a printer almost as complicated as the calculating engine itself, with adjustable margins, two separate fonts, and the ability to print in two, three or four columns.In January, after years of searching for a sponsor for the printer,
42、the Science Museum announced that a backer had been found. Nathan Myhrvold, the chief technology officer at Microsoft, agreed to pay for its construction (which is expected to cost $373 000 with one Proviso: that the Science Museum team would build him an identical calculating engine and printer to
43、decorate his new home on Lake Washington, near Seattle). Construction of the printer will begin-in full view of the public-at the Science Museum later this month. The full machine will be completed next year.It is a nice irony that Babbages plans should be realized only thanks to an infusion of cash
44、 from a man who got rich in the computer revolution that Babbage helped to foment. More striking still, even using 20th-century manufacturing technology the engine will have cost over $830 000 to build. Allowing for inflation, this is roughly a third of what it might have cost to build in Babbages d
45、ay-in contrast to the cost of electronic-computer technology, which halves in price every 18 months. That suggests that, even had Babbage succeeded, a Victorian computer revolution based on mechanical technology would not necessarily have followed.（分数：10.00）(1).Babbage wished to build a mechanical e
46、ngine because _.A. he was very disappointed at the mathematical tables available at the timeB. he wanted to be the first man to invent a computing machineC. be intended to make the mathematical tables flawlessD. he thought he was doing a significant work（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Researchers built the cal
47、culating difference engine according to Babbages design in order to show that _.A. Babbages intelligence was far ahead of his fellow-menB. Babbages idea was reasonable both theoretically and practicallyC. Babbages dream could only be realized in the 20th centuryD. Babbages design was actually imperf
48、ect（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements is Not true?A. Babbages difference engine turned out to be a large machine.B. Researchers did not build the printer for lack of money.C. Babbage designed the printer to avoid possible typesetting or transcription errors.D. Researchers found i
49、t difficult to build a printer as complicated as the calculating engine.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can be inferred from the passage?A. Computing is generally believed to be the most successful of industries.B. Mistakes are unavoidable in mathematical research work.C. Innovations depend on more than just creative ideas.D. Scientific research always takes an enormous amount of money.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author seems to regard Babbages work with _.A. disappointment B. indifference C. admiration D. approval（分数：
