1、考研英语-试卷 167 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Valentine“s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. (1)_ the fierce
2、wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called (2)_ the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his (3)_ was held February 15th. On the eve of the festival the (4)_ of the girls were written on (5)_ paper and placed in jars. Each young man (6)_ a slip. The girl whose name was (7)_ was to be his sweeth
3、eart for the year. Legend (8)_ it that the holiday became Valentine“s Day (9)_ a roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II (10)_ the Roman soldiers not to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would (11)_ stay home than fight. When Valentine (12)_ the Emperor and secretly m
4、arried the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the (13)_ of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a (14)_. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14thValentine“s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine (15)_ of Lupercus. Valentine“s Day has become a major (16
5、)_ of love and romance in the modem world. The ancient god Cupid and his (17)_ into a lover“s heart may still be used to (18)_ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers or jewelry, to do this. (19)_ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine“s Day ca
6、n sometimes be as (20)_ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.（分数：40.00）A.WhileB.whenC.ThoughD.UnlessA.uponB.backC.offD.awayA.honorB.beliefC.handD.wayA.problemsB.secretsC.namesD.intentionsA.rollsB.pilesC.worksD.slipsA.castB.caughtC.drewD.foundA.givenB.chosenC.electedD.deliveredA.tellsB.m
7、eansC.makesD.hasA.afterB.sinceC.asD.fromA.orderedB.pleadedC.envisionedD.believedA.otherB.simplyC.ratherD.allA.dislikedB.defiedC.defeatedD.dishonoredA.celebrationB.arrangementC.feastD.eveA.goatB.saintC.modelD.weaponA.becauseB.madeC.insteadD.learntA.partB.representativeC.judgmentD.symbolA.storyB.wande
8、rC.arrowD.playA.portrayB.requireC.demandD.alertA.KeepingB.DisapprovingC.SupportingD.ForgettingA.constructiveB.damagingC.reinforcingD.retorting二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each t
9、ext by choosing A, B, C or D._When young people who want to be journalists ask me what subject they should study after leaving school, I tell them: “Anything except journalism or media studies“. Most veterans of my trade would say the same. It is practical advice. For obvious reasons, newspaper edit
10、ors like to employ people who can bring something other than a knowledge of the media to the party that we call our work. On The Daily Telegraph, for example, the editor of London Spy is a theologian by academic training. The obituaries editor is a philosopher. The editor of our student magazine, Ju
11、ice, studied physics. As for myself, I read history, ancient and modern, at the taxpayer“s expense. I am not sure what Charles Clarke, the Education Secretary, would make of all this. If I understand him correctly, he would think that the public money spent on teaching this huge range of disciplines
12、 to the staff of The Daily Telegraph was pretty much wasted. The only academic course of which he would wholeheartedly approve in the list above would be physics, but then again, he would probably think it a terrible waste that Simon Hogg chose to edit Juice instead of designing aeroplanes or buildi
13、ng nuclear reactors. By that, he seems to mean that everything taught at the public expense should have a direct, practical application that will benefit society and the economy. It is extremely alarming that the man in charge of Britain“s education system should think in this narrow-minded, half-wi
14、tted way. The truth, of course, is that all academic disciplines benefit society and the economy, whether in a direct and obvious way or not. They teach students to thinkto process information and to distinguish between what is important and unimportant, true and untrue. Above all, a country in whic
15、h academic research and intelligent ideas are allowed to flourish is clearly a much more interesting, stimulating and enjoyable place than one without “ornaments“, in which money and usefulness are all that count. Mr. Clarke certainly has a point when he says that much of what is taught in Britain“s
16、 universities is useless. But it is useless for a far more serious reason than that it lacks any obvious economic utility. As the extraordinarily high drop-out rate testifies, it is useless because it fails the first test of university teachingthat it should stimulate the interest of those being tau
17、ght. When students themselves think that their courses are a waste of time and money, then a waste they are. The answer is not to cut off state funding for the humanities. It is to offer short, no nonsense vocational courses to those who want to learn a trade, and reserve university places for those
18、 who want to pursue an academic discipline. By this means, a great deal of wasted money could be saved and all students the academic and the no, so-academicwould benefit. What Mr. Clarke Seems to be proposing instead is an act of cultural vandalism that would rob Britain of all claim to be called a
19、civilised country.（分数：10.00）(1).The second paragraph is meant to demonstrate that _.（分数：2.00）A.students of other disciplines than journalism are preferred employees of newspapersB.young people should learn other subjects than journalism after leaving schoolC.veterans of the author“s trade would give
20、 the same advice to puzzled youngstersD.young people should diversify their learning subjects to be better employed(2).Charles Clarke as described in the passage would probably agree that _.（分数：2.00）A.philosophy as an academic discipline in college should be canceledB.physics should be the topmost c
21、hoice of disciplines for prospective journalistsC.the Daily Telegraph is poorly staffed and needs rearrangementD.there is no reason for the state to pay for subjects of higher education(3).Which of the following is true according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.The role of state-funded universities is to t
22、rain students for a job.B.Every academic subject will do good to society and the economy somehow.C.Academic research and intelligent ideas are more important than “ornaments“.D.Money and usefulness are the criteria to judge the worth of a discipline.(4).That many subjects taught at British colleges
23、are useless is mainly owing to _.（分数：2.00）A.their falling short of the demands of economyB.their validity as a discipline being untestifiedC.their failure to meet the standards of university instructionD.their inability to arouse the interest of students(5).The author“s primary purpose in writing th
24、is passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.propose an academic discipline for young people wishing to be journalistsB.debate both sides of the proper pattern of Britain“s higher educationC.condemn Charles Clarke for his improper statements about higher educationD.contrast Charles Clarke“s claim about higher educ
25、ation to that of his ownStandard “ The directors behind “Lazy Sunday“ embody the phenomenon. When the shaggy-haired Samberg, 27, graduated from NYU Film School in 2001, he faced the conventional challenge or, crashing the gates Of Hollywood. With his two childhood friends Akiva Schaffer and Jorma Ta
26、ccone, he came up with an unconventional solution: they started recording music parodies and comic videos, and posting them to their Web site, TheL. The material got the attention of producers at the old ABC sitcom “Spin City“, where Samberg and Taccone worked as low-level assistants; the producers
27、sent a compilation to a talent agency. The friends got an agent, made a couple of pilot TV sketch shows for Comedy Central and Fox, featuring themselves hamming it up in nearly all the roles, and wrote jokes for the MTV Movie Awards. Even when the networks passed on their pilots, Samberg and his fri
28、ends simply posted the episodes online and their fan baseat 40,000 unique visitors a month earlier this yeargrew larger. Last August, Samberg joined the “SNL“ cast, and Schaffer and Taccone became writers. Now they share an office in Rockefeller Center and “are a little too cute for everyone“, Sambe
29、rg says, “We are friends living our dream“. Short, funny videos like “Lazy Sunday“ happen to translate online, but not everything works as well. Bite-size films are more practical than longer ones; comedy plays better than drama. But almost everything is worth trying, since the tools to create and p
30、ost video are now so cheap, and ad hoc audiences can form around any sensibility, however eccentric.（分数：10.00）(1).The “dawn of the democratization of the TV and film business“ probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.film and television business is enjoying an unprecedented successB.the general public are playin
31、g an active role in pop-cultureC.filmmakers are showing great enthusiasm for success on the WebD.e-mail, downloads or links are now the main means of film distribution(2).It is implied in the text that _.（分数：2.00）A.talent agents are sometimes essential to a person“s success in pop worldB.time is up
32、for the artists to develop a direct connection to the publicC.short videos on the Web would prove to be the most popular productionsD.the film and television business can be compared to a bypass surgery(3).Samberg“s solution was unconventional because _.（分数：2.00）A.newcomers were usually denied acces
33、s to HollywoodB.he and his two childhood friends got accepted into HollywoodC.he recorded music parodies and comic videos all by himselfD.he and his friends created and uploaded their productions to their Web site(4).Which of the following contributed most to the Net success of “Lazy Sunday“?（分数：2.0
34、0）A.Producers at the old ABC sitcom “Spin City“.B.Conventions of Hollywood.C.Comic nature of the video.D.Eccentricity of audiences online.(5).The purpose of this text is primarily to _.（分数：2.00）A.report the unexpected success of SambergB.point out a new direction for TV and film businessC.discuss a
35、new phenomenon in pop-cultureD.explain the reasons Behind Samberg“s success4.Part B_You are going to read a list of headings and a text about the Deep Impact by NASA; Choose the most suitable heading from the list for each numbered paragraph. The first paragraph and the last two paragraphs of the te
36、xt are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you don“t need to use.A. Revelation of the nature of cometsB. A perfect representative of the cometsC. Hoping for the bestD. Right time and right place for the ImpactE. What to expect of this Deep Impact?F. Mystery in the heavens On Monday at 1:5
37、2 a.m. ET, a probe deployed by a NASA spacecraft 83 million miles from home will smash at 23,000 mph into an ancient comet the size of Manhattan, blasting a hole perhaps 14 stories deep. (41) 1. Launched in January, NASA“s $333 million Deep Impact mission is designed to answer questions that scienti
38、sts have long had about comets, the ominous icebergs of space. This is the first time any space agency has staged such a deliberate crash. Scientists hope images transmitted by the probe and its mother ship will tell them about conditions in the early solar system, when comets and planets, including
39、 Earth, were formed. The team hopes to release photos of the impact as soon as they are received from the craft. NASA and observatories across the nation will be releasing webcasts. (42) 2. At the very least, NASA says, knowing how deep the probe dives into the comet could settle the debate over whe
40、ther comets are compact ice cubes or porous snow cones. “We need to dig as deep a hole as possible“, says mission science Chief Michael A“Hearn of the University of Maryland. Until now, the closest scientists have come to a comet was when NASA“s Stardust mission passed within 167 miles of the comet
41、Wild 2 last year, collecting comet dust that is bound for a return to Earth in January. The most famous date with a comet occurred when an international spacecraft flotilla greeted Halley“s comet in 1986. But these quick looks examined only the comets“ dust and Surface; (43) 3. To the ancients, come
42、ts were harbingers of doom, celestial intruders on the perfection of the heavens that presaged disaster. Modern astronomers have looked on them more favorably, at least since Edmond Halley“s celebrated 1705 prediction of the return of Halley“s Comet in 1758 and every 75 years thereafter. Today, scie
43、ntists believe Tempel 1 (named for Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel, who first spotted it in 1867 while searching for comets in the sky over Marseilles, France) and other comets are windows to the earliest days of the solar system, 4.6 billion years ago, when planets formed from the dust disk surround
44、ing the infant sun. (44) 4. Deep Impact“s copper-plated “impactor“a 39-inch long, 820-pound beer-barrel-shaped probewill be “run over like a penny on a train track“ when it crashes, A“Hearn says. The impactor is equipped with a navigation system to make sure it smacks into the comet in the right loc
45、ation for the flyby craft“s cameras. On Sunday, the flyby spacecraft will release the probe. Twelve minutes later, it will beat a hasty retreat with a maneuver aimed at allowing a close flyby, from 5,348 miles away, with cameras pointed. Fourteen minutes after the impact, the flyby spacecraft will s
46、coot to within a mere 310 miles for a close-up of the damage. (45) 5. Ideally, everything will line up, and the flyby spacecraft will take images of the crater caused by the impact. It will go into a “shielded“ mode as ice and dust batter the craft, then emerge to take more pictures. “The realistic
47、worst case is hitting (the comet) but not having the flyby in the right place“, A“Hearn says. “Basically, we have a bullet trying to hit a second bullet with a third bullet in the right place at the right time to watch. I“d love to have a joystick(操纵杆) to control the impactor“. Planetary scientists
48、have “no idea“ what sort of crater will result, McFadden says. Predictions range from a deep but skinny shaft driven into a porous snow cone to a football stadium-sized excavation in a hard-packed ice ball. But astronomers should have their answer shortly after impact, which should settle some questions about the comet“s crust and interior. Analysis of the chemistry of that interior, based on the l
