1、考研英语-试卷 230及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off the TV and spending more time with th
2、e family are still worried that without TV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They remember (1)_ of all sorts of things to do when they were kids, but their own kids seem different, less resourceful, (2)_ When there“s nothing to do, these parents observe (3)_, their
3、 kids seem unable to (4)_ any thing to do besides turning on the TV. One father, (5)_, says “When I was a kid, we were always thinking up things to do, projects and (6)_. We certainly never complained in an (7)_ way to our parents, “I have nothing to do!“ He compares this with his own children today
4、: “If someone doesn“t entertain them, they“ll happily sit there in front of the (8)_ all day.“ There is one word for this father“s (9)_: unfair. It is as if he were disappointed in them for not reading Greek though they have never studied the language. He deplores his children“s (10)_ of inventivene
5、ss, as if the ability to play were something (11)_ that his children are missing. In fact, while the tendency to play is built into the human species, the actual ability to playto imagine, to invent, to elaborate on (12)_ in a playful wayand the ability to gain (13)_ from it, these are skills that h
6、ave to be learned and developed. Such disappointment, (14)_, is not only (15)_, it is also destructive. Sensing their parents“ disappointment, children come to believe that they are, indeed, lacking something, and that this makes them less worthy of (16)_ and respect. Giving children the opportunity
7、 to develop new (17)_, to enlarge their horizons and (18)_ he pleasures of doing things on their own is, on the other hand, a way to help children develop a (19)_ feeling about themselves as (20)_ and interesting people.（分数：40.00）A.disposingB.conceivingC.remindingD.deceivingA.anywayB.insteadC.someho
8、wD.likewiseA.zealouslyB.identicallyC.regretfullyD.militantlyA.come up withB.shed light onC.stay away fromD.give play toA.for exampleB.in effectC.in a senseD.as a resultA.riotsB.ritualsC.schemesD.gamesA.demandingB.innateC.amusingD.annoyingA.spouseB.tubeC.peersD.toysA.admissionB.toleranceC.cautionD.di
9、stressA.lackB.curiosityC.pleaD.liabilityA.absentB.innateC.originalD.verbalA.realityB.virtualC.mediaD.trendA.rewardB.progressC.fulfillmentD.intelligenceA.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.thereforeA.illogicalB.undesirableC.improperD.unjustA.admirationB.ignoranceC.speculationD.disregardA.occasionsB.domainsC.per
10、spectivesD.resourcesA.entitleB.detachC.secureD.discoverA.excessiveB.arrogantC.confidentD.surplusA.conscientiousB.competentC.sociableD.sensitive二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each
11、text by choosing A, B, C or D._Wal-Mart is now mounting a bold expansion that could double its sales within just five years, to $480 billion. Some of that growth will come in new markets outside the U.S., where 1,200 stores in nine countries already account for about 16% of the chain“s total sales.
12、But even more growth will be won as the chain insinuates itself into more U.S. neighborhoods and invades more product categories. If you think Wal-Mart already sells just about everything, think again. Think PCs, ceiling fans, more fashionable clothing, gasoline and even cars. “Their goal is to have
13、 a 30% share of every major business they are in,“ says Linda Kristiansen, a retail analyst for UBS Warburg Equity Research. If there“s no Wal-Mart store near you, just wait. If you shop at Wal-Mart, expect your store to get bigger or a new store to open even closer. The chain plans to expand from 3
14、,400 U.S. locations to day-half of them in the Southto a nationwide network approaching 5,000 stores in five years. Wal-Mart has 1,300 Supercenters, many of them converted from standard discount stores, offering everything from hardware to groceries and drugs. In some areas, it is placing these 17,
15、O00-sq-m monsters as close as 8 km apart. And in the spaces between, it“s tormenting local groceries and convenience stores with Neighborhood Markets (call“em Small-Marts). Wal-Mart is building its first urban Supercenter, in downtown Dallas. And without fanfare it is testing used-car sales alongsid
16、e one of its Houston stores. “It“s surprising how much room we have for growth,“ says Robson Walton, 58, Sam“s son and the company“s nonexecutive chairman. “I“m not trying to be flippant,“ adds Lee Scott, 52, Wal-Mart“s CEO. “But simply put, our long-term strategy is to be where we“re not.“ Yet for
17、Wal-Mart to get where it is now is going to be a lot harder than it was to get where it is. Even with sales expected to grow to about $240 billion for the fiscal year that ends Jan. 31, price wars in its grocery business narrowed Wal-Mart“s profit margin to its lowest level in four years. The compan
18、y plans to fatten profits by becoming more of a producer and even designer of its goods, especially clothing. It“s making blouses in China and towers in India that it intends to sell everywhere from Berlin to Beijing and Boston. But fashion is a notoriously fickle business. And by diving deeper into
19、 the manufacturing of more of its products, Wal-Mart is braving a path that has brought grief to some of history“s biggest retailers, such as A there are now about 2.5 million and this is expected to rise to 3.9 million by 2020, That“s a lobby with considerable bar gaining potential. So far, superca
20、rers have not flexed their muscles. (50) The government would be wise to offer them tax breaks, the allowance available to those assisting the disabled and flexible work schedules. Otherwise, supercarers will rebel. Once they decide that the very old, as the very young, are not their responsibility,
21、 who will then take up the burden?（分数：10.00）_三、Writing(总题数：5，分数：4.00)6.Section III Writing_7.Part ADirections: Write a composition/letter of no less than 100 words on the following information._8.Write a letter to one of your high school classmates who is in a nearby city, and invite him/her to your
22、 city at this weekend. Some necessary details must be included. Write your letter neatly with no less than 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address.（分数：2.00）_9.Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on
23、 the following information._10.Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the drawings, 2) interpret its meaning, and 3) give your point of view. You should write about 160-200 words neatly. （分数：2.00）_考研英语-试卷 230答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of
24、 English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off the TV and spending more time with the family are still worried that without TV
25、they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They remember (1)_ of all sorts of things to do when they were kids, but their own kids seem different, less resourceful, (2)_ When there“s nothing to do, these parents observe (3)_, their kids seem unable to (4)_ any thing to do b
26、esides turning on the TV. One father, (5)_, says “When I was a kid, we were always thinking up things to do, projects and (6)_. We certainly never complained in an (7)_ way to our parents, “I have nothing to do!“ He compares this with his own children today: “If someone doesn“t entertain them, they“
27、ll happily sit there in front of the (8)_ all day.“ There is one word for this father“s (9)_: unfair. It is as if he were disappointed in them for not reading Greek though they have never studied the language. He deplores his children“s (10)_ of inventiveness, as if the ability to play were somethin
28、g (11)_ that his children are missing. In fact, while the tendency to play is built into the human species, the actual ability to playto imagine, to invent, to elaborate on (12)_ in a playful wayand the ability to gain (13)_ from it, these are skills that have to be learned and developed. Such disap
29、pointment, (14)_, is not only (15)_, it is also destructive. Sensing their parents“ disappointment, children come to believe that they are, indeed, lacking something, and that this makes them less worthy of (16)_ and respect. Giving children the opportunity to develop new (17)_, to enlarge their hor
30、izons and (18)_ he pleasures of doing things on their own is, on the other hand, a way to help children develop a (19)_ feeling about themselves as (20)_ and interesting people.（分数：40.00）A.disposingB.conceiving C.remindingD.deceiving解析：解析：conceiving 意为“想出，设想“，该词在概念上与下文中的“think up“形成关联。就搭配而言，首先应排除选项
31、deceiving，该词一般与“into“形成搭配，用法为 deceive sb into doing(欺骗某人做某事)。其他两项虽均能与“of“搭配，选项 dispose of意为“丢掉，处理，解决“，选项 remind.of意为“使发生联想，使想起“，但填入后均不符合文意。A.anywayB.insteadC.somehow D.likewise解析：解析：somehow“不知怎么地“。该题的选择应从语气上考虑，“somehow“含有否定的语气，而前文中的“less“也含有否定的语气，故在语气上与前文一致，因此选项为正确选项。而选项 anyway“不管怎么说，无论如何“，instead“反
32、而，却“和 likewise“同样地，照样地“填入后均不符合文意。A.zealouslyB.identicallyC.regretfully D.militantly解析：解析：regretfully“惆怅地，遗憾地“。该词在概念上与上文中的“worried“和下文中的“disappointed“形成关联，故为正确选项。而选项 zealously“热心地“identically“同一地，相等地“和militantly“激进地，好斗地“填入后均不符合文意。A.come up with B.shed light onC.stay away fromD.give play to解析：解析：come
33、up with“提出，想出“。该词在概念上与下文中的“think up“形成关联，故为正确选项。而选项 shed light on“阐明某事“，stay away from“离开“和 give play to“发挥作用“填入后均不符合文意。A.for example B.in effectC.in a senseD.as a result解析：解析：for example“例如“。显然这句话是在举例说明上段提出的观点。而选项 in effect“实际上，实质上“，in a sense“从某种意义上讲“和 as a result“作为结果，因此“填入后均不符合文意。A.riotsB.ritual
34、sC.schemesD.games 解析：解析：games“游戏“本文主要讲述了父母们担心在关闭电视后孩子们不会主动去想事情做或游戏来玩，故与中心主题有关的选项就只有 games，因此为正确选项。而选项 riots“暴乱，骚乱“rituals“仪式“和 schemes“计划，方案“都与本文的中心主题无关。A.demandingB.innateC.amusingD.annoying 解析：解析：annoying“恼人的，讨厌的“。该词在概念上与上文中的“worried“形成关联，故为正确选项。而选项 demanding“过分要求的，苛求的“，innate“先天的，天生的“和 amusing“有趣
35、的“填入后均不符合文意。A.spouseB.tube C.peersD.toys解析：解析：tube“电视，电视机“。该词在概念上与上文中的“TV“形成关联，故为正确选项。而选项spouse“配偶“，peers“同龄人“和 toys“玩具“填入后均不符合文意。本题应注意“tube“的意思。A.admissionB.toleranceC.cautionD.distress 解析：解析：distress“悲伤，忧虑“。从第二段不难看出这位父亲对孩子们的行为是深表忧虑，且从下文中的“disappointed“一词，可判断出该处应填入选项 distress。而选项 admission“承认，供认“，t
36、olerance“宽容，容忍“和 caution“小心，谨慎“填入后均不符合文意。A.lack B.curiosityC.pleaD.liability解析：解析：lack“缺乏，不足，没有“。从上两段的内容可以看出，孩子们除了看电视就无事可做，而一旦把电视关了，他们就只会去找父母，而不会自己想游戏来玩，因此在这位父亲眼里他的孩子是缺乏创造性的。而选项 curiosity“好奇(心)“，plea“恳求，请求“和 1iability“责任“都与上文所讲述的内容无关。A.absentB.innate C.originalD.verbal解析：解析：innate“先天的，天生的“。该词在概念上与下文
37、中的“developed“形成关联，并且一般来说人天生就具有玩的能力。而选项 absent“缺乏的，不存在的“，original“独创的，新颖的“和 verbal“口头的“填入后均不符合文意。A.reality B.virtualC.mediaD.trend解析：解析：reality“现实，实际“。该空所在句的含义为“以一种玩的方式对现实世界进行想象，创造以及阐述“，此处“现实“与上文中的“电视“是相对的。而选项 virtual“实质上的，事实上的“，media“新闻媒介，传播媒介“和 trend“趋向，趋势，倾向“填入后均不符合文意。A.rewardB.progressC.fulfillme
38、nt D.intelligence解析：解析：fulfillment“满足“。我们从玩的过程中得到的应该是心理的满足。而选项 reward“报答，奖赏“，progress“进步，进展“和 intelligence“智慧，理解力“填入后均不符合文意。A.indeedB.henceC.however D.therefore解析：解析：however“然而，可是“。前面讲述了父母对孩子的失望，而此段则讲述了父母的失望对孩子的影响，故前后形成对比关系。而选项 indeed“确实，实在“，hence“因此，所以“和 therefore“因此，所以“填入后均不符合文中的逻辑关系。A.illogicalB.
39、undesirableC.improperD.unjust 解析：解析：unjust“不公平的“该词在概念上与上文中的“unfair“形成关联。而选项 illogical“不合逻辑的，不合理的“，undesirable“不受欢迎的，令人不快的“和 improper“不适当的，不合适的“填入后均不符合文意。A.admiration B.ignoranceC.speculationD.disregard解析：解析：admiration“赞美，羡慕“。“and“连接对等成分，如果连接的是两个词汇，则前后意义相近。本题的四个选项中与“respect“意思相近的词为 admiration，故为正确选项。
40、而选项 ignorance“无知，不知“，speculation“思索“和 disregard“漠视，忽视“填入后均不符合文意。A.occasionsB.domainsC.perspectivesD.resources 解析：解析：resources“消遣，娱乐“。该词在概念上与上文中的“resourceful“形成关联。而选项occasions“时刻，时候，场合“，domains“领域，范围“和 perspectives“视角，观点，想法“填入后均不符合文意。A.entitleB.detachC.secureD.discover 解析：解析：discover“发现，找到“。该词在概念上与上文
41、中的“inventiveness“形成关联，因此为正确选项。而选项 entitle“给权利，给资格“，detach“派遣，分遣“和 secure“得到，获得“填入后均不符合文意。A.excessiveB.arrogantC.confident D.surplus解析：解析：confident“有信心的，自信的“。该段前面讲到当孩子们意识到父母的失望时，他们会真的以为自己缺乏什么，从而就会失去信心，那么父母就应该帮助孩子建立自信。而选项 excessive“过多的，过分的，过度的“，arrogant“傲慢的，自大的“和 surplus“过剩的，多余的“填入后均不符合文意A.conscientio
42、usB.competent C.sociableD.sensitive解析：解析：capable“有能力的，有才能的“。该词在概念上与上文中的“ability“形成关联，因此为正确选项。而选项 conscientious“认真的，勤勤恳恳的“，sociable“好交际的，友好的“和 sensitive“敏感的，灵敏的“填入后均不符合文意。二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_解析：3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. An
43、swer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._解析：Wal-Mart is now mounting a bold expansion that could double its sales within just five years, to $480 billion. Some of that growth will come in new markets outside the U.S., where 1,200 stores in nine countries already account for about
44、 16% of the chain“s total sales. But even more growth will be won as the chain insinuates itself into more U.S. neighborhoods and invades more product categories. If you think Wal-Mart already sells just about everything, think again. Think PCs, ceiling fans, more fashionable clothing, gasoline and even cars. “Their goal is to have a 30% share of every major business they are in,“ says Linda Kristiansen, a retail analyst for UBS Warburg Equity Research. If there“s no Wal-Mart
